1、- 1 -Section Grammar用作状语的动词-ing 形式语法初识原句感知 自主探究 . but as he stood trying to clear his head, he saw a cat.The king takes the woman to his palace and marries her, not knowing that she is a wicked witch.Hearing the exciting news, the boy jumped for joy.Working hard at your lessons, you are to succeed.B
2、eing exhausted and hungry, he kept on working.Travelling by jeep, I visited a number of cities.His parents died in an accident, leaving him an orphan.1.以上各句中，黑体部分在句中均作状语。2句中黑体部分作伴随状语，句中作原因状语，句中作时间状语，句中作条件状语，句中作让步状语，句中作方式状语，句中作结果状语。3由句可知，动词ing 形式的否定式是在其前面加 not。语法剖析语法点一 动词 ing 形式作状语1作时间状语时，相当于一个时间状语从句
3、。其前面可加 when, while 或 before等词。Putting on his clothes, Bill went out in a hurry.穿上衣服后，比尔匆忙离开了。While waiting at the dentists, I read a short story.在牙医诊所候诊时我读了一篇短篇小说。2作条件状语时，相当于一个条件状语从句。Reading carefully, youll learn something new.- 2 -If you read carefully, youll learn something new.仔细读，你就会学到新东西。3作原因状
4、语时，一般可改写成 as或 because引导的原因状语从句。Being tired, he couldnt walk any further.As he was tired, he couldnt walk any further.由于累，他再也走不动了。4作让步状语时，其前可加上 although, though, even if/though等词。Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。Though working hard, he couldnt earn enough money t
5、o pay off his debt.尽管努力工作，他也不能挣到足够的钱还清债务。5作结果状语时，其前可加 thereby, thus, therefore等词。The book sold more than 500,000 copies a year, making it one of the bestsellers at that time.那本书一年销售五十多万册，使它成为当时的畅销书之一。The bus was held up by the snowstorm, thus causing the delay.公共汽车遭遇暴风雪，因此造成了延误。名师点津 现在分词作结果状语表示自然而然的
6、结果。动词不定式作结果状语表示出乎意料的结果，常与 only, never, not等副词连用。The old lady hurried to the market, only to find her money stolen on the bus.老太太匆匆赶到市场，结果却发现自己的钱在公共汽车上被偷了。6作方式或伴随状语。用来说明动作发生的背景或状况。一般情况下，现在分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时进行，其动作发出者就是句子的主语。谓语动词是主要动作，分词是陪衬动作，伴随状语或方式状语位于句首、句中或句末均可。They all stood there, watching closely wh
7、en the magician performed the magic tricks.当那个魔术师表演魔术时他们都站在那儿，仔细地看着。集中演练 111.单句改错Stand in front of the school gate, I wondered what to do next. StandStandingMany people stood at the stop, waited for the bus. waitedwaiting 或waited前加 and- 3 -Opened the window, I saw a butterfly flying into my study.Op
8、enedOpeningCall me tomorrow, I will let you know the lab result. CallCalling 或I前加 and12.句型转换As soon as I heard the promise, I felt a great load taken off my mind.Hearingthepromise,_I felt a great load taken off my mind.All the students sat in the classroom, and waited for their new teacher.All the s
9、tudents sat in the classroom, waitingfor their new teacher.While he was reading the book, he fell asleep.Whilereading the book, he fell asleep.Because I didnt know his cellphone number, I couldnt get in touch with him.Notknowing his cellphone number, I couldnt get in touch with him.语法点二 动词 ing 形式的时态
10、和语态1在逻辑上，当动词ing 形式表示的动作和句子谓语动词表示的动作同时发生时用一般式；当动词ing 形式表示的动作发生在句子谓语动词之前时用完成式。Seeing the stranger coming towards him, little Tom ran away as fast as he could.看见陌生人朝他来了，小汤姆尽可能快地跑开了。(see 和 run几乎同时发生)Having studied English for three years, he could tell brief stories in English.由于学习了三年英语，他能用英语讲简单的故事。(stu
11、dy 发生在 read之前)2在逻辑上，当句子的主语执行动词ing 形式表示的动作时，动词ing 形式用主动式；当句子的主语承受动词ing 形式表示的动作时，动词ing 形式用被动式。He listened to the tape, making notes now and then.他听着磁带，偶尔记笔记。(he 执行 make表示的动作)Being called by a stranger, he realized what had happened.由于一个陌生人打电话，他意识到出事了。(he 承受 call表示的动作)集中演练 221.单句语法填空Hearing (hear) the
12、news that a hurricane was on the way, most of the people hurried to safer places.Having_thought (think) the managers words carefully, he decided to work - 4 -in Tibet.Being_repaired (repair), the car cant be used for the time being.Having_been_told (tell) many times, he still repeated the same mista
13、ke.22.完成句子Having_suffered_from_heart_disease_for_many_years (患心脏病多年), Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.He lay on the grass, staring_at_the_stars_in_the_sky (看着天上的星星) for a long time.Not_having_finished_her_homework (由于没有完成她的作业), the little girl didnt go to bed.Bein
14、g_talked_to (被谈话时), you should look into the eyes of the person.链接高考单句语法填空1(2017天津高考)The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, allowing (allow) more patients to be treated.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这家医院最近得到一批新的医疗设备，这使更多的病人能够得到治疗。动词 allow与句子的主语之间为逻辑上的主动关系，因此应用现在分词作结果状语。2. (2016全国卷 语法填空) People pr
15、obably cooked their food in large pots, using (use) twigs (树枝) to remove it. 解析：考查非谓语动词。use 与其逻辑主语 people之间为主谓关系，故用现在分词作方式状语。3. (2016北京高考 )Newlybuilt wooden cottages line the street, turning (turn) the old town into a dreamland.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：新建的木屋排列在街道两旁，把这座古老的城镇变成了梦幻的世界。句子主语 newlybuilt wooden cotta
16、ges与 turn之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作结果状语。4(2015北京高考)The park was full of people, enjoying(enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：公园里到处都是人，他们在阳光下玩得很愉快。people和 enjoy之间是主谓关系，且 enjoy和主句的谓语动作同时发生，根据结构应该使用动词- 5 -ing形式。5(2015天津高考)Having_worked (work) for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedul
17、e.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：工作了两天，史蒂夫如期完成了报告。分析句子可知是先工作了两天，才如期完成了报告，work 这个动作先于主句动作发生，故用 having done形式。针对演练.单句语法填空1Walking (walk) in the street, I suddenly heard someone calling my name from behind.2Having_been_told (tell) the answer several times, he still couldnt answer the question.3Having_told (tell) him th
18、e answer several times, I didnt know whether he could understand.4Martin sent a short message to his friend, Tony, _hoping (hope) to borrow some money from him.5Following (follow) your teachers advice, you will make great progress soon.6Although being (be) not rich, the Whites are still willing to h
19、elp the homeless in winter.7The hurricane struck our town last night, causing (cause) great damage to the crops and buildings.8The boy came, rushing (rush) into the teachers office with his test papers in his hand.9The 30yearold athlete won two gold medals in the Olympic Games, becoming (become) a n
20、ational hero again.10Though lacking (lack) money, they managed to finish the project before the deadline.完成句子1在和袁博士工作时，我从他身上学到很多。While_working_with Dr.Yuan, I learned a lot from him.2他在街上走着，左顾右盼。He was walking along the street, looking_this_way_and_that.3她非常生气，把玩具扔在地上，把它摔成了碎片。- 6 -She was so angry t
21、hat she threw the toy on the ground, breaking_it_into_pieces.4写完信后，他把信折起来装进了信封。Having_finished_the_letter,_he folded it and put it into the envelope.5尽管他知道我住在哪儿，但他从不来看我。Although knowing where I live, he never comes to visit me.短文改错We can reach anyone by cellphone wherever we are.Therefore, people ar
22、e unaware of the negative effects of cellphones on communication.Due to the convenience of the cellphone, many people had started to engage in social interaction in person more than before.In addition, cellphone communication lacks of facial expressions and body language, without that communication
23、becomes less personal.Consequently, some people get confusing and nervous while talking to a person face to face because they mostly talk to people on cellphone.We even dont know the manner of communication.I think we should use cellphone in wise way and try to avoid depending too many on them.答案：第二句：ThereforeHowever第三句：hadhave; moreless第四句：去掉 of; thatwhich第五句：confusingconfused第六句：WeThey; mannermanners第七句：in 后加 a; manymuch- 7 -
