1、- 1 -Section Grammar-一般过去时、过去进行时与过去完成时语法初识原句感知 自主探究1.This last experience had a profound effect on Timoteo.2Somehow he survived.3Then one day while he was working as a lorry driver he had a close encounter with death.4He was driving a lorry load of bananas when he came off the road at a bend and fel
2、l three hundred metres down the mountain.5Before he volunteered to direct the traffic, Timoteo had had lots of jobs.1.句 1 和句 2 用了一般过去时态，表示过去某个时刻发生的动作，或经常性、习惯性的动作。2句 3 和句 4 用了过去进行时态，表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作，谓语动词的构成为：was/weredoing。3句 5 用了过去完成时态，表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作，即过去的过去。语法剖析语法点一 三种时态的基本用法时态 基本用法 谓
3、语构成一般过去时过去某一时刻或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态或过去习惯性的动作 did过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或持续进行的动作was/were doing过去完成时表示在过去某个动作或某个具体的时间之前已经发生、完成的动作或存在的状态，即表示“过去的过去” had doneWe often played together when we were children.我们小时候常在一起玩。It was raining at 7：00 pm the day before yesterday.前天晚上 7：00 时正在下雨。- 2 -When the teacher c
4、ame into the classroom, Liu Hong had gone home.当老师走进教室时，刘红已经回家了。集中演练 111.单句语法填空She had_learned (learn) some English before she came to the institute.When I was a child, I often played (play) football in the street.It was the third time that he had_left (leave) the key at home.Joy said he would play
5、football with me if I finished (finish) practicing the piano.He had_worked (work) in the factory for five years before he moved here.The hotel wasnt particularly good, but I had_stayed (stay) in many worse hotels.An earthquake struck (strike) some parts of Italy last week, causing great damage to th
6、e local people. Didnt the policeman notice the man breaking into the bank?No, he was_looking (look) in the other direction.Before he came to China, he had_learned (learn) Chinese for more than five years.Sorry, I was_taking (take) a bath when you called me last night.12.单句改错All the guests had appear
7、ed by ten oclock, but the host wouldnt appear until 20 minutes later.wouldntdidntI learned 2,000 English words by the end of last term.learned 前加 hadThe thief tried to break away from the policeman who held him but failed.heldwas_holdingJohn had liked to play the piano when he was in secondary schoo
8、l.去掉 had I had planned to meet Mr Thompson this morning but I had found there was nobody in the room when I came.去掉第二个 had语法点二 三种时态的特殊用法1一般过去时的特殊用法(1)在时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句中用一般过去时表示过去将来。- 3 -Alina said she would come if I promised to wait for her.艾琳娜说如果我答应等她，她会来的。(2)since 引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时。He has bee
9、n talking since he came in.自从他进来后，他一直在说话。(3)一般过去时也和“for时间段”连用，表示过去的一段经历。They lived here for twenty years.他们曾在这里住过二十年。2过去进行时的特殊用法go, come, leave, start, stay 等动词的过去进行时可以表示过去将要发生的动作。She told me that she was leaving for Italy the next day.她告诉我她第二天就出发到意大利去。3过去完成时的特殊用法(1)过去完成时用在“no sooner . than”和“hardly
10、 . when”等句型的主句中，而从句用一般过去时，no sooner，hardly 放在句首时主句用部分倒装。Hardly had we started when the car got a flat tyre.我们才刚刚开动，汽车的轮胎就瘪了。(2)有些动词，如 hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose 等，用过去完成时表示“原本打算做而未做某事” 。We had hoped to finish it on time but we failed.我们本希望按时完成这件事的，但我们没有做到。(3)在“That/It was第几次从句”中
11、，从句的谓语用过去完成时。That was the first time I had made such a mistake.那是我第一次犯这样的错误。集中演练 221.单句语法填空She asked him whether he was_coming (come) back for lunch.I had_hoped (hope) to be back last night, but I didnt catch the train.He played (play) football regularly for many years when he was young.I havent fou
12、nd any job since I was (be) out of work.That was the first time that we had_seen (see) a film in the cinema together as a family.22.单句改错That was the first time that John visited the town.- 4 -visited 前加 hadWe planned to finish the work before dark, but we were held up by a heavy rain.planned 前加 hadW
13、hen I came across her in the supermarket, she waited for someone.waitedwas_waitingMy brother watched the football match at this time yesterday.watchedwas_watchingWhen she saw the man in the photo, she realized that she saw him before.第二个 sawhad_seen链接高考单句语法填空1(2017全国卷语法填空) Later, engineers managed(m
14、anage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known to the tube. 解析：根据句中的 became 可判定用过去时，故填 managed。2. (2017天津高考单选改编)I was_driving (drive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.解析：此处为句型 be doing .when .“正在做某事，这时” ，根据后面的found 及 was 可判定应用过去进行时，
15、故填 was driving。3. (2016四川高考语法填空)However, it stayed with her and learned about the ways of the forest. Then, after two and a half years, the mother drove (drive) the young panda away.解析：前一句动词用了一般过去时 stayed，后面的句子与之并列，也需用一般过去时，故用 drive 的过去式 drove。4(2015安徽高考)Just as I got to the school gate, I realized
16、I had_left (leave) my book in the cafe.解析：句意：就在我到达学校门口时，我意识到我把我的书落在咖啡馆里了。句中 as引导的时间状语从句和主句的时态都是一般过去时，空格处的句子是 realize 的宾语从句。结合句意，可知宾语从句的谓语动词所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，且已完成，故用过去完成时态。5(2015湖南高考)He must have sensed that I was_looking (look) at him. He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly, “Why are you staring
17、 at me like - 5 -that？”解析：句意：他肯定已经感觉到我正在看他。他突然扫视了我一眼然后平静地说：“你为什么一直那样看着我？”根据 must have sensed 以及语境得知此处是对过去正在进行的事情的说明，故用过去进行时。6(2014浙江高考)Sofia looked around at all the faces; she had the impression that she had_seen (see) most of the guests before.解析：句意：索菲亚向四周看了下所有的客人，她感觉大部分客人以前都见过。根据谓语动词 looked, had
18、和时间状语 before，可知是过去的事情，而“以前见过”应该发生在这些动作之前，即“过去的过去” ，故用过去完成时。针对演练.单句语法填空1He told me he read (read) an interesting novel last night. 2By the end of last year, we _had_produced (produce) 20,000 cars.3They were_expecting (expect) you yesterday, but you didnt turn up.4You look very worried.Yes. I took (ta
19、ke) the job interview a moment ago and I am waiting for the result now.5Years ago you offered (offer) to give me some useful advice about learning.6We had_planned (plan) to finish the work before dark, but we were held up by a heavy rain.7I was_washing (wash) the dishes while my mother was clearing
20、away the table.8It has been three years since we became (become) good friends.9The Smiths were_having (have) breakfast when he came in.10I came back from Hong Kong last Monday morning. I stayed (stay) there for just the weekend.完成句子1It is already three years since he_worked_in_this_company,_and now
21、he cant still find a job.自从他离开这家公司以来已有三年了，他现在还没有找到一份工作。2The Greens were_always_helping_others when they lived here.格林一家住在这里时总是乐于助人。- 6 -3This was the second time that the student had_made_the_same_mistake,_so the maths teacher got very angry.这是这个学生第二次犯同样的错误，因此数学老师很生气。4Im familiar with the town, beca
22、use I stayed_here_for_nearly_five_years when I was young.我对这个城镇很熟悉，因为我年轻时在这里待过将近五年。5No sooner had_he_finished_his_talk than he was surrounded by the excited workers.他刚一结束讲话就被兴奋的工人们围了起来。.短文改错On Sunday morning, I got up as usual, only find my breakfast on the table. I knew that my parents have left ho
23、me and would be back by noon. With two hours is passing quickly, my parents had not come back yet and I began to feel boring. At that time, it occurred to me that I could get the lunch ready so that before coming home Mom need not do it. Such excited was I at this idea that I made up mind to work immediately. At 11 oclock, my parents got home, amazed at a meal I had cooked. Feeling happy but proud, I thought I would do more houseworks from then on.答案：第一句：findfinding第二句：havehad第三句：去掉 is; boringbored第四句：beforeafter第五句：SuchSo; mind 前加 my第六句：athe第七句：butand; houseworkshousework- 7 -
