1、2000 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Structure and VocabularyPart ADirections:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets w
2、ith a pencil. (5 points)Example:I have been to the Great Wall three times _ 1979.A fromB afterC forD sinceThe sentence should read, “I have been to the Great Wall three times since 1979.” Therefore, you should choose DSample AnswerA B C 1. As Ill be away for at least a year, Id appreciate _ from you
3、 now and then telling me how everyone is getting along.A hearingB to hearC to be hearingD having heard2. Greatly agitated, I rushed to the apartment and tried the door, _ to find it locked.A justB onlyC henceD thus3. Doctors see a connection between increase amounts of leisure time spent _ and the i
4、ncreased number of cases of skin cancer.A to sunbatheB to have sunbathedC having sunbathedD sunbathing4. Unless you sign a contract with the insurance company for your goods, you are not entitled _ a repayment for the goods damaged in delivery.A toB withC forD on5. On a rainy day I was driving north
5、 through Vermont _ I noticed a young man holding up a sign reading “Boston”.A whichB whereC whenD that6. Christie stared angrily at her boss and turned away, as though _ out of the office.A wentB goneC to goD would go7. The roles expected _ old people in such a setting give too few psychological sat
6、isfactions for normal happiness.A ofB onC toD with8. Talk to anyone in the drug industry, _ youll soon discover that the science of genetics is the biggest thing to hit drug research since penicillin was discovered.A orB andC forD so9. It wasnt so much that I disliked her _ that I just wasnt interes
7、ted in the whole business.A ratherB soC thanD as10. Countless divorced politicians would have been elected out of office years ago had they even thought of a divorce, let alone _ one.A gettingB to getC gottenD getPart BDirections:Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B,
8、 C, and D. Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (5 points)Example:A number of A foreign visitors were taken B to the industrial exhibition, which C they saw D many new products
9、.Answer C is wrong. The sentence should read, “A number of foreign visitors were taken to the industrial exhibition, where they saw many new products.” So you should choose C.Sample AnswerA B D11. Having isolatedA on a remote island, withB little work to occupyC them, the soldiers suffered from bore
10、dom and low spiritsD.12. If the letter to be mailedA was placedB on the writing table an hour ago, it isC certain beingD there now.13. The rulingA party could even lose itsB majority in the lower house of parliament, startedC a period of prolonged strugglingD.14. The mechanisms atA work are manifest
11、B in the tendency for such physical activity toC utilize the potentialD harmful constituents of the stress response.15. InA the long run, however, this hurry to shedB full-time staff may be moreC harmful to industry as it is toD the workforce.16. See to itA that you include inB the examination paper
12、 whateverC questions they didnt know the answerD last time.17. Most newspapers, while devotingA the major part of itsB space to recent events, usually manage to find roomC on the inside pages for articles onD some interesting topics.18. One sign by whichA you are making progress in an artB such as p
13、ainting or photography is thatC you begin to realize how much there isD to learn.19. The ideal listener stays both inside and outsideA the music at the moment it is played and enjoyingB it almost as much asC the composer at the moment he composesD.20. ContinuedA exposure to stress has been linked to
14、 worsenedB functioning of the immune system, leavingC a person more liable forD infection.Part CDirections:Beneath each of the following sentences, there four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the correspon
15、ding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)Example:The lost car of the Lees was found _ in the woods off the highway.A vanishedB scatteredC abandonedD rejectedThe sentence should read, “The lost car of the Lees was found abandoned in the woods off the highway.” Therefore, you should choos
16、e C.Sample AnswerA B D21. He spoke so _ that even his opponents were won over by his arguments.A bluntlyB convincinglyC emphaticallyD determinedly22. Frances _ of nuclear testing in the South Pacific last month triggered political debates and mass demonstrations.A assumptionB consumptionC presumptio
17、nD resumption23. The 215-page manuscript, circulated to publishers last October, _ an outburst of interest.A flaredB glitteredC sparkedD flashed24. His efforts to bring about a reconciliation between the two Parties _.A came offB came onC came roundD came down25. The system was redesigned to embrace
18、 the network and eventually _ it in a profitable direction.A adaptB controlC installD steer26. The capital intended to broaden the export base and _ efficiency gains from international trade was channeled instead into uneconomic import substitution.A secureB extendC defendD possess27. It is announce
19、d that a wallet has been found and can be _ at the managers office.A declaredB obtainedC reclaimedD recognized28. When I _ my senses, I found myself wrapped up in bed in my little room, with Grandma bending over me.A woke upB took toC picked upD came to29. The American society is _ an exceedingly sh
20、aky foundation of natural resources, which is connected with the possibility of a worsening environment.A established onB affiliated toC originated fromD incorporated with30. I am not _ with my roommate but I have to share the room with her, because I have nowhere else to live.A concernedB compatibl
21、eC considerateD complied31. At first, the _ of color pictures over a long distance seemed impossible, but, with painstaking efforts and at great expense, it became a reality.A transactionB transmissionC transformationD transition32. When the committee _ to details, the proposed plan seemed impractic
22、al.A got downB set aboutC went offD came up33. _ to some parts of South America is still difficult, because parts of the continent are still covered with thick forests.A OrientationB AccessC ProcessionD Voyage34. Mr. Smith had an unusual _: he was first an office clerk, then a sailor, and ended up a
23、s a school teacher.A professionB occupationC positionD career35. The mayor is a woman with great _ and therefore deserves our political and financial support.A intentionB instinctC integrityD intensity36. The English weather defies forecast and hence is a source of interest _ to everyone.A speculati
24、onB attributionC utilizationD proposition37. The fact that the golden eagle usually builds its nest on some high cliffs _ it almost impossible to obtain the eggs or the young birds.A rendersB reckonsC regardsD relates38. To impress a future employer, one should dress neatly, be _, and display intere
25、st in the job.A swiftB instantC timelyD punctual39. You dont have to install this radio in your new car, its an _ extra.A excessiveB optionalC additionalD arbitrary40. We were pleased to note that the early morning delivery didnt _ to the traffic jam of the busy city.A aidB amountC addD attributeSec
26、tion II Cloze TestDirections:For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)If a farmer wishes to succeed, he mu
27、st try to keep a wide gap between his consumption and his production. He must store a large quantity of grain41consuming all his grain immediately. He can continue to support himself and his family42he produces a surplus. He must use this surplus in three ways: as seed for sowing, as an insurance43t
28、he unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a commodity which he must sell in order to44old agricultural implements and obtain chemical fertilizers to45the soil. He may also need money to construct irrigation46and improve his farm in other ways. If no surplus is available, a farmer cannot be47 家.
29、 He must either sell some of his property or48extra funds in the form of loans. Naturally he will try to borrow money at a low49of interest, but loans of this kind are not50obtainable.41. A other thanB as well asC instead ofD more than42. A only ifB much asC long beforeD ever since43. A forB against
30、C ofD towards44. A replaceB purchaseC supplementD dispose45. A enhanceB mixC feedD raise46. A vesselsB routesC pathsD channels47. A self-confidentB self-sufficientC self-satisfiedD self-restrained48. A searchB saveC offerD seek49. A proportionB percentageC rateD ratio50. A genuinelyB obviouslyC pres
31、umablyD frequentlySection III Reading ComprehensionDirections:Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked A, B, C and D. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on ANSWER SHEE
32、T 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (40 points)Text 1A history of long and effortless success can be a dreadful handicap, but, if properly handled, it may become a driving force. When the United States entered just such a glowing period after the end of the Seco
33、nd World War, it had a market eight times larger than any competitor, giving its industries unparalleled economies of scale. Its scientists were the worlds best, its workers the most skilled. America and Americans were prosperous beyond the dreams of the Europeans and Asians whose economies the war
34、had destroyed.It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as other countries grew richer. Just as inevitably, the retreat from predominance proved painful. By the mid-1980s Americans had found themselves at a loss over their fading industrial competitiveness. Some huge American industri
35、es, such as consumer electronics, had shrunk or vanished in the face of foreign competition. By 1987 there was only one American television maker left, Zenith. (Now there is none: Zenith was bought by South Koreas LG Electronics in July.) Foreign-made cars and textiles were sweeping into the domesti
36、c market. Americas machine-tool industry was on the ropes. For a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors, which America had invented and which sat at the heart of the new computer age, was going to be the next casualty.All of this caused a crisis of confidence. Americans stopped takin
37、g prosperity for granted. They began to believe that their way of doing business was failing, and that their incomes would therefore shortly begin to fall as well. The mid-1980s brought one inquiry after another into the causes of Americas industrial decline. Their sometimes sensational findings wer
38、e filled with warnings about the growing competition from overseas.How things have changed! In 1995 the United States can look back on five years of solid growth while Japan has been struggling. Few Americans attribute this solely to such obvious causes as a devalued dollar or the turning of the bus
39、iness cycle. Self-doubt has yielded to blind pride. “American industry has changed its structure, has gone on a diet, has learnt to be more quick-witted,” according to Richard Cavanagh, executive dean of Harvards Kennedy School of Government. “It makes me proud to be an American just to see how our
40、businesses are improving their productivity,” says Stephen Moore of the Cato Institute, a think-tank in Washington, DC. And William Sahlman of the Harvard Business School believes that people will look back on this period as “a golden age of business management in the United States.”51. The U.S. ach
41、ieved its predominance after World War II because _.A it had made painstaking efforts towards this goalB its domestic market was eight times larger than beforeC the war had destroyed the economies of most potential competitorsD the unparalleled size of its workforce had given an impetus to its econo
42、my52. The loss of U.S. predominance in the world economy in the 1980s is manifested in the fact that the American _.A TV industry had withdrawn to its domestic marketB semiconductor industry had been taken over by foreign enterprisesC machine-tool industry had collapsed after suicidal actionsD auto
43、industry had lost part of its domestic market53. What can be inferred from the passage?A It is human nature to shift between self-doubt and blind pride.B Intense competition may contribute to economic progress.C The revival of the economy depends on international cooperation.D A long history of succ
44、ess may pave the way for further development.54. The author seems to believe the revival of the U.S. economy in the 1990s can be attributed to the _.A turning of the business cycleB restructuring of industryC improved business managementD success in educationText 2Being a man has always been dangero
45、us. There are about 105 males born for every 100 females, but this ratio drops to near balance at the age of maturity, and among 70-year-olds there are twice as many women as men. But the great universal of male mortality is being changed. Now, boy babies survive almost as well as girls do. This mea
46、ns that, for the first time, there will be an excess of boys in those crucial years when they are searching for a mate. More important, another chance for natural selection has been removed. Fifty years ago, the chance of a baby (particularly a boy baby) surviving depended on its weight. A kilogram
47、too light or too heavy meant almost certain death. Today it makes almost no difference. Since much of the variation is due to genes, one more agent of evolution has gone.There is another way to commit evolutionary suicide: stay alive, but have fewer children. Few people are as fertile as in the past. Except in some religious communities, very few women have 15 children. Nowadays the number of births, like the age of death, has become average. Most of us have roughly the same number
