1、Elephant Poaching due to Trading Ivory 象牙买 卖是偷猎大象的罪 魁祸首 Ive had so many wonderful days in Africa, there was bound to be a tough one. Earlier this week, I witnessed how illegal ivory was obtained, along with Peter Knights, executive director of WildAid. with whom Ive worked for several years now. Wit
2、h the help of Kenya Wildlife Service, we traveled via helicopter to access the carcasses. Iain Douglas- Hamilton of Save the Elephants had spotted the bodies from the air in his small plane, and marked the spot for our pilot to bring down the chopper in a dry riverbed. It was so tight we did a littl
3、e hedge trimming on the way down. carcass n. (人或动物 的)尸体; (家畜屠宰后的)躯体;骨架,遗骸、残迹等; 要点: 1.carcass 的基 本意思是“ 动物的尸体” , 尤指屠宰后供食用的牲畜躯体, 是可数名词。 2.carcass 还可指“(废 车、船等的)残骸,骨架”,是可数名词。 3.carcass 用作比喻可指“ 死尸,人的躯体” ,通 常为骂人话,含贬义,属于俚语用法。 A cluster of vultures crouched on the carcass of a dead buffalo. 一群秃鹫蹲伏在一具野牛的尸体上。
4、Prepare the chicken stock using the carcasses, the diced vegetables and herbs. 做鸡汤的用料有鸡肉、切成块的蔬菜和香料。 .the carcass of a rusted tractor. 一辆生锈的拖拉机残骸 chopper n. 电子 斩波器;斧子,斧头;切碎机; 直升机; vt. 用直升机运送; vi. 乘直升机飞行; 要点: 直升机的英文有 helicopter 和 chopper 。 正式说法中使用的是 helicopter , chopper 虽然 也有直 升机的 意思 ,但 是它更 多的是 表示 螺旋
5、桨而比 喻成直 升机 ,是 从切碎 机这个 意思 中理 解过完来的。 hedge n. 树篱;保护 手段;防止损失(尤指金钱)的手段; vt. 用树篱围起;受的束缚; vt. 回避,避免; 要点:1.hedge 的基 本意思是用树篱或类似物把某地 (物) 围起来, 引申可表示 “受的束 缚” “回避”等。 2.hedge 通常多用作及 物动词, 接名词或代词作宾语; 用作不及物动词时常表示“回 避 ”。 3.hedge 可用于被动结 构。 搭配:hedge the question of tax relief 回避问题 hedge about (round) 困住 ,限制 hedge off
6、from the outer world 与外界隔绝 hedge in with 用困住(限制) hedge sbs path with difficulties 在某人的道路上设置障碍 Hawker Siddeley tried to hedge its bets by diversifying into other fields. 霍克西德利试图通过在其他领域进行多样化发展来规避风险。 You can hedge against redundancy or illness with insurance. 可以购买保险以防失业或患病。 I saw an old man out clippin
7、g his hedge. 我看见一位老人在外面修剪树篱。 Ive had so many wonderful days in Africa, there was bound to be a tough one. Earlier this week, I witnessed how illegal ivory was obtained, along with Peter Knights, executive director of WildAid. with whom Ive worked for several years now. 句中 executive director of WildA
8、id 为 Peter Knights 的同位语。 with whom 引导非限定性定语从句 Ive worked.years now ,修饰 Peter Knights 。 在非洲 ,我 度过了 许多 美好的 时光 ,但其 中肯 定也有 痛苦 的时刻 。本 周早些 时候 ,跟随 着野生 动物救 援协 会的 执行董 事彼得 奈 茨, 我亲眼 目睹了 非法 获得 象牙的 过程。 我和 他共 事已经 好几年 了。 在肯 尼亚野 生动野 生动 物保 护局的 帮助下 ,我 们乘 坐直升 机前往 观看 那些 大象的遗体。 当来自拯救大象小组的伊恩 道格拉斯- 汉密尔顿的小飞机在空中时, 他就发现 了那些
9、大象的 尸体 ,并 引导我 们的飞 行员 把直 升机降 落到一 个干 涸的 河床里 。我们 降落 得有 点着急, (直升机的螺旋桨)扫到了一些矮树篱。 Not 20 yards away, I saw the body of an elephant poached for its ivory three weeks ago. Its face had been cut off by poachers and its body scavenged by hyenas, scattering bones around the area. A sad mass of skin and bone. T
10、he smell was overwhelming and seemed to cling to us, even after we left. poacher n. 偷猎者;侵 入他人地界者; 煮蛋用的锅 Many wildlife parks are regularly invaded by people poaching game. 很多野生动物园都时常遭到偷猎之徒的侵入。 The opposition parties complained that the government had poached their ideas. 众反对党抱怨政府盗用它们的想法。 scavenge v.
11、到处觅食 ; (在废物中)寻觅 要点 :从废物 堆 里都 觅食, 若是狮子 寻觅 猎物 ,猎物 是活 的, 有人 要的都 不能用 这个 词。 还可以表示吃,英文释义为 to eat dead animals that have been killed by another animal, by a car, etc. You can often scavenge nice bit of old furniture from skip. 从废物堆里往往能捡到一些挺好的旧家具。 hyena n. 鬣狗; African hyena noted for its distinctive howl. 非
12、洲鬣狗,以其特别的嚎叫而闻名. overwhelming adj. 势 不可挡的,压倒一切的,巨大的;压倒一切的; 搭配:overwhelming rebellion (force) 势不 可挡的起义(军队) overwhelming urge 不 可遏制的冲动 She felt an overwhelming desire to have another child. 她一心想再要一个孩子。 The party won an overwhelming victory in Burmas general elections last May. 去年 5 月,该党在缅甸大选中获得了压倒性的胜利。
13、 距离不到 20 码远时, 我看到了三个星期前被偷猎象牙而被杀的大象遗体。 象脸已经被盗猎者割 走,而 它的 身体 也被鬣 狗吃了 ,这 块区 域周围 散落着 一些 骨头 ,满地 都是凄 惨的 皮和 骨,气味十分浓烈,在我们离开后似乎那种气味都一直跟着我们。 I really was speechless. After seeing these animals up close and watching them interact in loving and protective family groups, it was heart wrenching and deeply depressi
14、ng to see this one cruelly taken before its time. interact v. 互动;相互作用;互相影响; 搭配:interact on each other 相互作用 interact with each other 相互作用,互相配合 interact on 与相互 作用,与相互影响 He interacted closely with us so as to finish the difficult task. 他与我们紧密配合以完成这项艰难的任务。 All things are interrelated and interact on eac
15、h other. 一切事物都是互相联系又互相作用的。 我实在 是说 不出话 来。 如此近 距离 地与这 些动 物接触 ,看 它们相 互关 爱和保 护家 族种群 后,看到这头象在它的死期尚未到来前就惨遭杀害,真的令人心痛和沮丧。 People, like Iain, have spent their lives studying and living intimately with these animals and now, just like in 1989 before the international ivory trade was banned, they must spend th
16、eir lives looking for bodies, using metal detectors to find bullets and conducting autopsies. intimately adv. 亲密地;熟悉地;私下地;谙熟地;详尽地;彻底地; 搭配:to be intimately acquainted with sth. 十分熟悉某事物 Shes been intimately involved with the clinic for 15 years. 15 年来她一直与这家诊所保持紧密的联系。 He claimed to be intimately acquai
17、nted with her poems. 他声称他非常熟悉她的诗歌。 autopsy n. 尸体解剖 ;验尸; 病理 尸体剖 检; (事后的)分析,检查 The autopsy report gave the cause of death as poisoning. 验尸报告上显示死因为中毒。 People, like Iain, have spent their lives studying and living intimately with these animals and now, just like in 1989 before the international ivory tr
18、ade was banned, they must spend their lives looking for bodies, using metal detectors to find bullets and conducting autopsies. 句中 before 引导时间 状语从句 the international.was banned。 动 词 spend 用于表示 “花费时间, 金钱做某事” 时, 其后可用省略介词 in 的动词-ing 形式 。 looking for bodies ,using metal.find bullets 和 conducting autopsi
19、es 为并列关系。 一些像 伊恩 一样的 人, 耗费他 们毕 生的时 间去 学习, 与这 些动物 亲密 相处。 现在 ,就像 1989 年之前买卖象牙的国际贸易被禁止时一样, 他们必须花费毕生时间去搜寻那些尸骸。 通 过使用金属探测器来找到子弹,并进行尸体解剖。 Unfortunately, I saw four more bodies in close proximity that day. One that poachers had attempted to hide with bushes; another that had been found dead from his wounds
20、 within shouting distance of a lodge with its ivory still intact, having evaded the poachers while wounded; and later, two fresher carcasses of much smaller elephants that had been sprayed with bullets. Their tusks would have been small, but that did not protect them. Poachers often only wound eleph
21、ants and they may fall well away from where they were originally shot. I could imagine the clamour in the herd as the elephants fled in terror. in close proximity 眉 睫之间;眉睫之内;很靠近; 相似短语:in close proximity to. 极接近 的 in the proximity of 在 附近,与毗邻 close in 包围,封闭,渐短 close to 靠近,接近,与关系密切 close-in fault 近距离
22、故障,近区故障 close in on 包围,逼近 close in upon 逼近,遮蔽 lodge vi. 存放;暂住 ;埋入; (权利、权威等)归属; vt. 提出(报告、要求、申诉等) ;容纳;寄存;把(权利、权威等)授予; n. 小屋, 草屋; ( 北美印第安人的) 帐篷; (森林、 猎场等的) 看守小屋; (学校、 工厂等的)传达室; 要点:1.lodge 用作 及物动词时,其基本意思是“提供临时住所” ,仅供睡觉,不包括娱乐与 餐饮。 引申则 指头 脑中 如接待 投宿者 一样 深存 某想法 ,接名 词或 代词 作宾语 ;用作 不及 物动 词时,作“投宿” “寄宿”解,常与介词 a
23、t ,with 连用。 2.lodge 也可作“向当局 提出声明”解,用作及物动词,接名词或代词作宾语。 搭配:lodge an appeal 提出恳求 lodge a complaint 提出 控诉 lodge against 对(某人或某事)提出(控诉) Several leading citizens have lodged complaints against the city councilors for their mishandling of public money. 市民中的几位头面人物就市参议员滥用公款之事对他们提出控诉。 intact adj. 完整无缺的,未经触动的,未
24、受损伤的;原封不动的;完好无缺;完好无损 Most of the cargo was left intact after the explosion. 大部分货物在爆炸发生后都完好无损。 If the family unit is still intact, the patient frequently does very well. 如果家庭仍然完整,病人常常恢复得很好。 evade v. 逃避;规避 搭配:evade an answer 避不回答 evade an attack 躲避攻 击 evade risks 规避风险 He tried to evade the embarrassin
25、g question. 他企图回避这令人难堪的问题。 spray n. 浪花;水花 ;喷雾 v. 喷,喷洒;溅 要点:spray 还可作 “带花的小枝,枝状饰物”解。例如:She has a spray of diamonds.她有 一个镶钻石的枝状饰物。 搭配:spray on 把 喷在上 The fountain throws its silvery spray into the air. 喷泉向天空中喷射出银色的水花。 clamour n. 喧闹; vi. 大声地要求; the growing clamour for an early referendum 要求提前进行全民公决的越来越高
26、的呼声 One that poachers had attempted to hide with bushes; another that had been found dead from his wounds within shouting distance of a lodge with its ivory still intact, having evaded the poachers while wounded; and later, two fresher carcasses of much smaller elephants that had been sprayed with b
27、ullets. 句中 that 引导定语从句 poachers had.with bushes ,修饰 one 。 that 引导定语从句 had been.while wounded ,修饰 another 。 having evaded.while wounded 为现在分词作 状语。 that 引导定语从句 had been sprayed with bullets ,修饰 elephants 。 不幸的 是, 那一天 在临 近的地 方我 又看到 了四 具尸体 。一 具是偷 猎者 曾试图 用灌 木掩盖 的尸骸 ;另一 具的 象牙 仍然完 好无缺 ,根 据伤 口可以 看出它 是为 了躲 避
28、偷猎 者而受 伤, 死于 枪杀; 后来, 我们 发现 了两头 小象的 新鲜 尸体 ,他们 是被子 弹击 中后 受伤致 死的。 尽管 他们 的象牙 很小, 但偷 猎者 还是杀 害了他 们。 偷猎 者往往 只是使 大象 受伤 ,然后 大象们 很可 能会 在距离射击很远的地方倒下。我能想象当象群逃离时恐怖的叫嚣。 The fact that we were able to see five bodies in one area in the brief time I was here is an indication of the seriousness of the poaching crisis
29、. 事实上 ,在 很短的 时间 内,同 一个 区域, 我们 可以看 到五 具大象 尸体 ,我在 本文 中描述 的只是偷猎危机的严重性。 Before the international ivory trade ban, in addition to legal ivory from natural deaths, huge amounts of illegal ivory were laundered into the trade despite years of attempted regulation. This “regulated” trade led to the halving o
30、f elephant numbers from 1.2 million to around 600, 000 in two decades. West, central and east Africa were hardest hit, while southern African populations remained stable and even increased. launder vt. 洗涤;洗 黑钱(把来路可疑的钱弄得貌似合法) ;洗烫衣物;消除的污点; vi. 洗涤;洗熨; n. 矿 槽洗机,流槽; The House voted today to crack down on
31、 banks that launder drug money. 众议院今天表决打击为毒资洗钱的银行。 She wore a freshly laundered and starched white shirt. 她穿一件刚刚浆洗熨烫过的白色衬衣。 halving n. 对分,二 等分,减半 航空、航 海 等分; v. 对分;把分成两半(halve 的现在分词) ; 把减半;平摊; Halving the repeater spacing made it possible to quadruple the bandwidth. 把增音机间隔缩小一半,就能使带宽增加三倍. 国际象 牙贸 易禁令 之
32、前 ,除了 自然 死亡的 合法 象牙外 ,大 量的非 法象 牙也涌 入了 贸易市 场, 尽管人们多年来一 直设法控制这种局面。 这个所谓 “规范” 的贸 易导致大象数量在 20 年 间减少了一半,从当初的 120 万头降到了 60 万头左右。非洲的西部、中部和东部都是重灾 区,而南部非洲的大象数量却保持了稳定,甚至有所增加。 Post-ban, the price of ivory fell to a quarter of its previous levels as markets in the US, Europe and most of the world, collapsed. For
33、 a number of years, elephant numbers stabilized and poaching declined. 美国、 欧洲和世界大部分市场的象牙价格在禁令实行后跌到了以前的四分之一。 数年来, 大象的数目维持了稳定,偷猎大象的活动也日趋减小。 I also learned that at one point in history, the United States was the largest consumer of ivory. As of 1989, Japan and Hong Kong, China were the largest importer
34、s of ivory, with Hong Kong holding 127 tonnes in its stockpile. stockpile n. 库存;囤积;积蓄; v. 贮存,储备 People are stockpiling food for the coming winter. 人们正在为即将到来的冬天贮备大量食物。 我还了解到, 历史上曾 有一段时期, 美国是最 大的象牙消费国。 而 1989 年, 日本和中 国 的香港是最大的象牙进口国家和地区,那时中国香港象牙的库存为 127 吨。 It was a harrowing experience I never want to
35、repeat, but something that everyone thinking of buying ivory should see. The wastefulness of this animal cruelly slaughtered just so a small part of it can be used. Would anyone buy ivory if they had witnessed this? slaughter n. 大屠杀; 屠宰(动物) ;大减价,贱卖; 口强烈谴责,猛烈抨击; vt. 屠宰(动物) ;大屠杀,残杀;大减价,贱卖; 口强烈谴责,猛烈抨击;
36、 要点:slaughter 还可 用作不可数名词, 意为 “屠杀, 屠宰” 。 例如 :Parliament has passed an Act forbidding the slaughter of animals for pleasure.议会通过了一项禁止 杀生取乐的法令。 辨析:butcher, killer, massacre, slaughter 这组词都有“屠杀”的意思。其区别是:butcher 和 slaughter 在表示 为食用而杀死牲畜时, butcher 通常是小规模 作业, 而 slaughter 则一 般指大规模的工业生产。massacre 只指残酷而 且 大量地“屠杀” ,尤指在战争中屠杀手无寸铁的平民。kill 可用于任 何种类的致死行为。 Millions of pigs are slaughtered every day. 每天有数百万头的猪被屠宰。 这是一 段我 再也不 想重 复的痛 苦经 历,但 每个 人都应 好好 思考一 下象 牙买卖 这件 事。这 种为了 大象身 上那 么一 点东西 而将整 头大 象残 杀的行 为是很 浪费 的。 如果人 们亲眼 目睹 了这 些,还会有人购买象牙吗?