1、2017 高考新题型英语概要写作阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇 60 词左右的内容概要。Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is agood thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt onthe skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it thatwashi
2、ng off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. Aparticular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French kinghad closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546.Thusbegan a long time when the rich and the poor in Europelived with dirt in
3、 afriendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famouslydirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that,to avoid the attack of disease, th,e nobleman should not go out.Though the belief in the merit (好处）of dirt was long-lived，dirt has no longer beenregarded as a nice neigh
4、bor ever since the 18 century. Scientifically speaking,cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing arepractical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards ofcleanliness have moved beyond science since World War II. Advertisementsrepeatedly sell the idea：
5、clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths eversofter, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far?Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Manyfirst-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt,which might be responsible for the spread of disease.
6、 On the contrary, MaryRuebush， American immunologist(免疫学家）， encourages children toplay in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter (后者）position isgaining some ground.参选答案：One possible version：People have mixed opinions towards dirt on our skin.(要点 1 ) For a long time inhistory, pe
7、ople of some European countries, such as France, believed that dirtprotected people from getting ill.(要点 2 ) However, people began to change their attitudes todirt about 200 years ago. People have been told that washing dirt off our bodycan keep us healthy.(要点 3) However, some scientists believe tha
8、t exposure to some dirt may helpour immune system.(要点 4)评分原则：1.本题总分为 25 分，按 5 个档次给分。2.评分时，先根据所写概要的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次，最后绐分。3.词败少于 40 的和多于 80 的，从总分中减去 2 分。4. 评分时，应主要从以下四个方面考虑：(1)对原文要点的理解和呈现情况；(2)应用语法结构和词汇的准确性；(3)上下文的连贯性；(4)对各要点表达的独立性情况。5.拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个重要方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。6.如书写较差以致影响交际，可将分数降低一个档次。 |
