1、Advanced English 教案(Nicole)- 1 -课程名称：高级英语出版社：上海外语教育出版社总主编： 戴炜栋主编：王哲 王善平 赵伟礼书名：新世纪研究生公共英语教材阅读 B 学生用书第二版Advanced English.Teaching Course: Advanced English.Teaching Unit: Unit One.Teaching Aims: 1. Master some types of the figure of speech 2. After reading the text, grasp the general ideas of the artic
2、le3. Paraphrase some difficult paragraphs in the text .Difficult Points: get the meaning of the text thoroughly.Teaching Periods: 12 periods (2 weeks).Teaching Methods: Instructive method.Teaching demand: Students should do previewing before each period.Teaching procedure:1. Mayor types of the figur
3、e of speech. SimileIt is a comparison between two distinctly different things and the comparison is indicated by the word asor like. It has three parts: the tenor, indicator of resemblance, and the vehicle.E.g.； Food is to the body (the tenor) as(indicator of resemblance) fuel is to the engine (the
4、vehicle). MetaphorIt is the use of a word which originally denotes one thing to refer to another with a similar quality. It is also a comparison, but the comparison is implied, not expressed with the word as or like.E.g.: The green plant is a kind of food factory.The next day he had a red face. Pers
5、onificationIt is to treat a thing or an idea as if it were human or had human qualities. In poetry it is very common.E.g.: A soft wind kissed the tree tops.My only worry was that January would find me hunting for a job again. . MetonymyIt is a figure of speech that has to do with the substitution of
6、 the name of one thing for that of another.E.g.: The mother did her best to take care of the cradle.Her purse would not allow his luxury. SynecdocheIt involves the substitution of part for the whole, or the whole for the part.E.g.: The farms were short of hands during the harvest season.It was repor
7、ted that Britain beat New Zealand in a football match yesterday. IronyIt is the use of words which are clearly opposite to what it meant, in order to achieve a special effect.Advanced English 教案(Nicole)- 2 -E.g.: What a fine weather! (In fact it is raining so heavily that you can not go outing as yo
8、u planned.). Transferred EpithetIt is a figure of speech where an epithet (an adjective or descriptive phrase) is transferred from the noun it should rightly to another to which it does not really apply or belong.E.g.: The old man put a reassuring hand on may shoulder.There was a short, thoughtful s
9、ilence. PunIt is a play on words, or rather a play on the form and meaning of words.E.g.: Custom: Waiter, will the pancakes be long? Waiter: No, Sir. Round.Custom: Have you got chickens legs? Waiter: No, Sir. I always walk this way.Farewell to Arms. EuphemismIt is the substitution of an agreeable or
10、 inoffensive expression for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant. (It is the substitution of a mild or vague expression for a harsh or unpleasant one.)E.g.: Then youll see the sign for the rest room.Old people senior citizens. AlliterationIt refers to the appearance of the some initia
11、l consonant sound in two or more words (often used in poetry). E.g.: proud as a peacock blind as a bat. Overstatement/ ExaggerationE.g.: The thriller made my hair stand on end. OnomatopoeiaIt is the formation or use of words to imitate what they denote.E.g.: The north wind roared and howled.2. Backg
12、round Knowledge about “Party”Party 一词在汉语中可译为“ 聚会” ，然而英语词 party 绝非仅仅意味着“晚上聚会”。西方人在中午也有聚会。西方常见的聚会有如下几种：1. 午餐聚会(Launch Parties)It is not popular at present time, but it Sundays Launch Party still works. The party time is about 1:00 at noon. The staple food is always roasted food.2. 酒会(Drinks parties)Dr
13、inks party is a kind of party from the previous cocktail party. The traditional cocktail party is rather legitimate, so its also a little stiff. But it has turned into a commonly and flexibly social occasion. Sometimes, it will supply snack, no staple. Partygoers can chat with their acquaintance, an
14、d also may meet some new friends. Everyone can talk freely of whatever topic. And it will be over two and a half hours.3. 晚晚会(Party parties)It is a party holding at the weekend, which usually starts at 9 p.m. or later and ends in the midnight. It will supply liquor and staple food. Guests could danc
15、e with the music.3. Explain the articleTitle: Party Politics (Politics is a complicated thing which needs a lot of time to study. And also, in a party, no matter the dress or behavior and etc. should be considered.) Para 1Advanced English 教案(Nicole)- 3 -Etiquette at an office party? Why, these peopl
16、e have been socializing happily every working day of their lives, give or take a few melees, rumors, and complaint petitions. All it takes to turn this into holiday merriment is a bit of greenery looped around the office - the staff will soon be looped, too.(PUN)Surely it is enough that the annual C
17、hristmas party has the magic ingredients: time off from work, free food and drink, and a spirit of fun replacing such ugly work realities as sexual harassment.Etiquette is necessary at an office party? Why it is? Although they always give or take violent argument, gossips, and petition, these people
18、 go well with each other in working. A small piece of lawn outside the office will create the same atmosphere as that of a holiday and the staff will easily enjoy themselves. The annual Christmas party has the magic factors of making everybody feel fun and relax, so people can forget the bothering f
19、orm work realities.Para 2Furthermore, partygoers figure, it offers relief from such pesky obligations as thanking anyone or being kind to wallflowers because there really arent any hosts.(HUMOR They really do watch videos and drink beer2. 反身代词做同位语表强调；We ourselves did it.3. ever 构成的复合词 whoever表示强调；Wh
20、oever said that was lying?4. 通过强调形容词 own, very, only表示强调；It was his own fault.5. 用强调副词 ever, never, even表示强调；It will never do.6. 名词短语有时可后置作代词的同位语，表强调；Its very interesting, that novel.Teaching Periods: 12 periods (2 weeks).Teaching Methods: Instructive method.Teaching demand: Students should do previ
21、ewing before each period.Teaching procedure:Background information: Singleness is on the rise in the developed world. In the United States, men and women are marrying later than ever before at age 27.1 for men and 24.8 for women, or about four years later than in 1970, according to the Census Bureau
22、. Women account for 60% of the single population in the United States, though the number of men living alone is growing at a faster rate. In Japan, singles make up Advanced English 教案(Nicole)- 7 -about one-fifth of all households; nearly one-fourth of Australians in their early 40s remain single; an
23、d 40% of British women live without a partner. (Source: Futurist, Mar/Apr 2000)Carla Power A Newsweek reporter.Eleanor RigbyA pop song character who is poor, miserable and pitiful.Austin Powers A funny movie character who loves things of the past and resists changes.Bridget Jones A fictional female
24、character who is moody and sentimental.The Matrix A movie featuring the visual world created by computer technology Its an marketing mans dream: a demographic with the anxieties of teenagers and the bank accounts of the middle-aged. A man in charge of marketing dreams of a group of people who have t
25、he worries of kids and the money to spend on them. The New Singles Carla PowerA Newsweek reporterIncreasing numbers of Northern Europeans are choosing to live alone (1) You know the type. Eleanor Rigby, who picks up the rice in the church where the wedding has been. Austin Powers, proud owner of a L
26、ava lamp, lush chest hair and an equal-opportunity libido. Bridget Jones, of the wobbly (unsteady) ego and much-watched answering machine. The Single, long a stock (normal) figure in stories, songs and personal ads, was traditionally someone at the margins of society: a figure of fun, pity or awe.【
27、Here, the three persons do not really refer to exactly ones but represent the types of people. 】(2) Those days【 The single is at the margins of society】 are gone. In the place ofwitheredspinsters and bachelors are people like Elizabeth de Kergorlay, a 29-year-old Parisian banker who views her indepe
28、ndence and her own apartment as the spoils of professional success.【 Nowadays, the single are not withered spinsters or bachelors but replaced by people like Elizabeth de Kergorlay, who is a 29-year-old Parisian banker and regards her belongings as her hard working.】 Scooting(wandering) around Paris
29、 in her Golf GTI, one hand on the wheel and the other clutchingher cell phone, de Kergorlay pauses between calls to rave(praise greatly) about life alone. “Im notantisocial,” she says. “I love people. But living alone gives me the time and space for self-reflection. Ive got the choice and the privac
30、y to grow as a human being.【 As a human being, I have the choice and can grow with the way of my own.】 ” Clutch, grasp, seize, grab, snatch 都表示“牢牢地抓住不放”，但词义相差很大。Clutch 表示“牢牢地抓住或搂住，用的力气很大”；grasp 指紧而未必用力地握住；用于比喻，可指抓住要领或含义；seize 表示突然而有力地抓取或抢夺；grab 比较通俗，在表示突然抓、握时具有粗暴、凶猛或不必要惊慌的内涵；snatch 表示急促地、突然地，有时候也表突然
31、地抓、抢或夺。1. A drowning man will clutch at the straw. 2. I dont grasp your meaning. 3. He seized the reins of the runaway horse. 4. The thief snatched her purse and ran.5. He grabbed her arm and pulled her out of the path of the car.Advanced English 教案(Nicole)- 8 -(3) As the sageswould say, we are all
32、ultimately alone. But an increasing number of Europeans are choosing to be so at an ever earlier age.【 According to the wises words, eventually, all of us will be alone. But nowadays more and more people do willingly stay alone at an early age.】 This isnt the stuff of gloomy philosophical meditation
33、s, but a fact of Europes new economic landscape,embraced(accept sth. willingly) by demographers, real-estate developers and ad executives alike.【 The demographers, real-estate developers and ad executives hold that people tending to live alone is a truth rather a pessimisticallytheory. 】 The shift a
34、way from family life to solo lifestyles, observes French sociologist Jean-Claude Kaufmann, is part of the “irresistible momentum of individualism” over the last century. The communications revolution, the shift from a business culture of stability to one of mobility and the mass entry of women into
35、the workforce have wreakedhavocon Europeans private lives.【 After the communications revolution, business culture has greatly changes and a large amount of female entering market. So it brought a revolution for Europeans living style.】 More and more of them are remaining on their own: theyre living
36、longer, divorcing more and marrying later if at all. British marriage rates are the lowest in 160 years of records. INSEE, Frances National Institute of Statistics, reports that the number of French people living alone doubled between 1968 and 1990. (4) The home-alone phenomenon remains an urban and
37、 a Northern European trend: people who live in rural areas as well as Spaniards, Greeks and Irish tend to stick to families.By contrast, Scandinavians(including Danish, Icelander, Norwegian, Swedish), Dutch and Germans like to live alone: 40 percent of all Swedes live alone, as do seven million Brit
38、ons three times as many as 40 years ago.【 Living alone is a trend in urban and Northern European areas. Many people who live in the rural areas, as well as Spaniards, Greeks and Irish, are willingly to have marriage; while single is good choice by the Scandinavians, Dutch, Germans.】 According to the
39、 recent report “Britain in 2010” by Richard Scase, professor of organizational behavior at the University of Kent, single-person households will outnumberfamilies and couples within a decade. In Londons tonier neighborhoods like Kensington and Chelsea, about half of all households are people living
40、alone. In Germany this year, 56-year-old divorcee Bernd Klosterfelde produced a CD called “Alone No More.” Featuring 15 tracksof household noises with titles like “Nothing on TV; At Least the Chips Are Good” and “The Fridge Is Finally Full Again,” it promises people who live alone “62 minutes of tog
41、etherness.”【 15 pieces of episode featuring family sound give people about 62mins to share feeling of staying together with family.】(5) Europes new economic climate has largely fostered the trend toward independence.【 Europes economy encourage the idea of independence.】 The current generation of hom
42、e-aloners came of age during Europes shift from social democracy to the sharper, more individualistic climate of American-style capitalism.【 The current generation of pursuing single has grown up; they live in the society where their living style has changed from social democracy to American style.】
43、 Raised in an era of privatization and increased consumer choice, todays tech-savvy workers have embraced a free market in love as well as economics.【 Living in the time of individualism and more choices, workers willingly accept the concept of freedom in love as well as economics. 】 Modern European
44、s are rich enough to afford to live alone, and temperamentally independent enough to want to do so. A recent poll by the Institute Francais dOpinion Publique, the French affiliateof the Gallup poll, found that 58 percent of French respondents viewed living alone as a choice, not an obligation. Other
45、 European singles agree. “Ive always wanted to be free to go on adventures,” says Iris Eppendorf, who lives by herself in Berlin. “I hate dreary, boring, bourgeois living its not interesting.” (6) Once upon a time, people who lived alone tended to be those on either side of marriage twenty-something
46、 professionals or widowed senior citizens.【 Originally, singles are at the extreme - either just twenty-something professionals or widowed senior citizens.】 While pensioners, particularly elderly women, Advanced English 教案(Nicole)- 9 -make up a heftyproportion of those living alone, the newest cropo
47、f(group of)singles are high earners in their 30s and 40s who increasingly view living alone as a lifestyle choice. “The Swedish word for someone living alone used to be ensam, which had connotations(VS denotation)of being lonely,” notes Eva Sandsteadt, author of “Living Alone in Sweden.” “It was con
48、ceived as a negative dark and cold, while being together suggested warmth and light.【 Single means negative as dark and cold, but couple means warmth and light.】 But then along came the idea of singles. They were young, beautiful, strong! Now, young people want to live alone.” Hefty, heavy, weighty a hefty blow. Heavy 指重量重，也指心情沉重。两块体积大致相同的石头，可能一块轻些，一块重些。种种意义上的重是相对的。如果撇开相对含义只讲实际上的重，应用 weighty 表示。Weighty 的比喻意义为“重要或要紧的”，ponderous 指因为体积、质量大或个子大而特别重。其比喻意义为复杂、费力。(7) The booming economy means people are work
