1、Unit7 Whats the highest mountain in the world?一 词形变换1 deep adj.深的；纵深的-(adv.) deeply 深深地一(n) depth 深度；深处2 Asia n.亚洲-（n adj.）Asian 亚洲人；亚洲的3 tour nwell better bestmany;much more mostbad;badly;ill worse worstlittle less leastfar farther/further farthest/furthestold older/elder oldest/eldest部分双音节和多音节形容词变
2、化方法：在原级形容词前加 more 变为比较级，加 most 变为最高级。例如：Important-more important-most important popular-more popular-most populardifficult-more difficult-most difficult carefully-more carefully-most carefully注意：有少数单音节形容词，通常用加 more,most 的方法构成比较级和最高级，如 pleased,glad,tried 等形容词与副词比较级的用法1 常用句型：（1） They have more oranges
3、 than us./Tom runs faster than Tom. 主谓+比较级+than+ 比较对像（2） Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China. 主谓+ 比较级+than any other+单数名词，指一个人或物比同一范围内的任何其他一个都.。（3） Jack is the thinner of the two brothers. 主谓+the+比较级 +of the two+.,表示主语是两者中较.的那个，是特指的情况。（4） The 比较级 +句子，the 比较级+句子，越.,就越.，表示两个过程按同比例同时增减。The
4、harder you study, the better grades youll get.你学习越努力，就越能取得好成绩。（5） 比较级+比较级，表示越来越，harder and harder.注意：多音节词及部分双音节形容词或副词用于此结构时，要用“more and more+形容词/副词原级。 The city is becoming more and more beautiful.2 比较级前可用 far,even,a lot,a little, a bit, much 等修饰，表示程度进一步加深。Im a little taller than her. 我比她高一点儿。形容词与副词最
5、高级用法最高级常用于三者或三者以上的人或事（物）之间的比较。在表示最高程度，即表示其中一个在某方面”最.时使用。使用时，形容词前最高级通常要加 the，句中常含有表示比较范围的介词 of 或 in; of 后一般接表示一群人或事物的代词或名词，in 后一般接表示单位或场所的名词。常用句型：（1）Bill is the thinnest boy of us. /Kate studies（the) hardest in our class主谓+(the)+最高级+in/of. 表示在某一范围内或某类人或物中最.(2) The Yangtze River is one of the longest
6、rivers in the world.长江是世界上最长的河流之一。主谓+one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of，表示.是最.的之一。(3) Li Ming is the second tallest boy in our class.李明是我们班第二高的男孩。主谓+the+ 序数词 +形容词最高级+名词+in/of.,表示.是第.的（4）Which is the biggest, the moon, the earth or the sun?月亮、地球和太阳哪个最大？Who sings best, Jim, Tom or Tim? 谁唱歌最好，吉姆、汤姆还是蒂姆？疑问词+谓
7、语动词+ （the)+ 最高级， A、B 、C?是最高级的选择疑问问。意为在”ABC 中，.最.?注意： 副词最高级前的 the 可以省略；最高级前有名词所有格或物主代词时，不用 the. She is my best friend.她是我最好的朋友；表示非常的 most 前不用加 the. He is a most interesting man.四 知识点：1. China has the biggest population in the world.(1)population n. 人口；人口数量，是一个集合名词常与定冠词 the 连用，单独做主语时，谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式.Th
8、e worlds population is larger and larger.(2)分数或百分数修饰 population 时，谓语动词常用复数About sixty percent of the population in China are farmers.(3)表示人口的多与少时，用 large、big 或 small(4)询问人口时用 Whats the population of ?Its about 1.4 billion. (5) 某地有多少人口时，用“have/has a population of+数字 ” 或“The population is +数字”China ha
9、s a pupulation of about 1.3 billion.=The population of China is about 1.3 billion.中国大约有 13 亿人口。2 .feel free to do sth.意为：可以随便做某事 feel free to eat dinner here anytime.3 ancient 与 old 区分ancient 更强调经历的年代久远并且或多或少有点历史价值,而 old 一般指年龄大的或者一个东西陈旧的老掉牙的.4. protect v. 保护 protection n. 保护 protect from/against 意为“
10、保护、免受”eg. He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.under the protection of 在的保护下The people are under the protection of their country. 5. as far as 意为 “就而言，像，正如 ” eg. As far as I can see, that isnt a real dog. as far as I know 据我所知 As far as I know, the Yangze River is th
11、e longest river in China. as fas as I can see 据我所见 .6. thick His dictionary is thick. 厚的 a thick forest 茂密的森林 密集的 a thick tree 粗壮的树7 include v. 包含、包括 The price includes house and furniture. included adj. 一般位于名词或代词之后做后置定语 Everyone is here, me included. including 与名词、代词一起形成介词短语 Everyone is here, inclu
12、ding me.8. freeze v. 结冰，结冻 Water freezes below freezing. 冰点以下水结冰。freezing adj. 极冷的，冰冻的 It was freezing cold that morning.freezing n. 冰点 eg. frozen adj. I dont like to eat frozen food. 9 The first Chinese team did so in 1960, while the first woman to succeed was JunkoTabei from Japan in 1975.中国登山队于 1
13、960 年首次登顶，而来自日本的田部井淳子在 1975 年成为第一个成功的女登山者。 while 除做当.时讲引导时间状语从句，还可做作并列连词用,意思为“而,然而”,表前后意义上的对比或转折。10. take in 吸入，吞入；接受eg. He had nowhere to live, so we took him in. Shall we go out to take in fresh air?11.succeed vi. 成功 succeed in doing sth. The boy succeeded in passing the exam.12. challenge v. 挑战 c
14、hallenge sb. to (do) sth.向某人挑战做某事 He challenged me to play chess.他向我挑战下象棋。n. 挑战 eg. accept the challenge 13. face n. 面孔，脸孔 in the face of 意为“面对（问题、困难）” He showed great bravery in the face of danger. v. 面对，面朝 face the challenge14.achieve v. 达成，实现eg. achieve ones+(dream/ success/ victory/aim) Everyone
15、 should be given the chance to achieve their aims. achievement n. 成绩，成就与 come true 区分achieve 常用作及物动词，主语是人，其宾语可以是“实现”的目标，目的等；也可以是“取得”的胜利、成功、地位等。come true 不及物动词短语；其主语是希望、愿望、梦想等， 不能用于被动语态。achieve our dreams = make our dream come true.show 动词时常用短语：表展示，给.看，show sb around a place,带领某人参观某地。 show off 炫耀。15.
16、 force n. 力量 the force of nature 自然的力量v强迫、迫使 force sb. to do sth.迫使某人做某事 They forced him to leave the small town.16.nature n. 大自然、自然界They stopped to enjoy the beauty of nature.natural adj. 自然的，天生的 The countrys natural resources include forest, coal and oil. 这个国家的自然资源包括森林、煤和石油 He is a natural musicia
17、n. 他是一个天生的音乐家。17. weigh 意为“重量是”，此处为系动词 He weighs 60 kilos.他重 60 公斤。 How much does it weigh? 它有多重？weigh,及物动词：称.的重量。 He weighed the fish. 他称了这条鱼。weight un.不可数名词： Whats the weight of the sheep?18. The elephant weighs many times more than this panda.这是一个含有比较级的句子，表示倍数。其结构为“倍数+比较级+than”,表示“比（大/ 小/长/短）几倍”T
18、his box is three times bigger than that one.这个盒子是那个盒子的三倍大。19. at birth 出生时 ，在句中通常做时间状语 He weighed eight pounds at birth.她出生时重 8 磅。20.research un/cn，un.时居多，研究、调查， research 的复数形式通常不与 many 或数词连用do/make/carry out research in/on/into/for+研究内容Please make a research into the cause of the plane crash.21.awa
19、ke 与 wakeawake adj.作表语不能作定语，反义词 asleep 意为“睡着的”Is he awake?wake v. What time do you wake up?22 prepare sth for sb.是固定用法：意为：“为.准备.”Ill prepare some drinks and snacks for you.prepare for “为.做准备”The students are busy preparing for the final exam. 学生们正忙于为期末考试做准备。23. or so=about/around or so 意为大约，位于数词或表示时
20、间名词之后；而 about/around 表大约时，常放在数词或表示时间的名词之前。Eg. It took them 3years or so to build this road.= It took them about/around 3years to build this road.another 意为另一，又一; 常放在数词之前，而 other 表示“另一”时，则放在数词之后。another+基数词+ 名词=基数词+other+ 名词 We stayed there for another three days.= We stayed there for three other day
21、s. 我们在那又待了三天。24 fall over/fall down/fall offfall over 强调“向前摔倒，跌倒；绊倒fall down 指“滑到，倒下”，后跟宾语时要加 fromfall off 强调跌落，从.掉下来，后面直接跟宾语25 up to (1) 达到（某种数量，程度）等There are up to 2000 students in that school. (2) 直到（现在） up to now=up till now (3) be up to sb. 由某人做决定 Its up to you to decide where to go.26. die 的短语
22、： die from 通常指由于外部原因（事故、缺乏食物等）造成的死亡，当表示因病死亡时二者可互换 die of 通常指由于人体自身原因（年老、忧伤）造成的死亡。 The man died from the flood. 那个男人因洪水而死。The old man died of the sorrow.（忧伤） 那个老人死于忧伤。27. risk ones life to do sth. / of doing sth. 冒险去做.。eg. Why do so many climbers risk their lives to climb/ of climbing the mountain? 为
23、什么如此多的登山者冒着生命危险去登那座山？28 run 短语： run to 跑向 run into 偶然碰见；与.相撞 run away 逃跑 run out 用完，耗尽 run over 跑向；碾过；匆匆浏览29 . another, more another +数字+名词=数字+more+ 名词 eg. I have another two apples.=I have two more aples.30. other 与 another other 两者（部分）另一个；another 三者（部分）另一个eg. One of my shoes is here, but where is the other one？ Would you like another cup of tea?31.四大洋 the Pacific Ocean 太平洋 the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋 the Arctic Ocean 北冰洋 the Indian Ocean 印度洋
