1、Essential Knowledge covered Required content for the AP Course Illustrative examples covered in this textbook - teach at least one Content not required for the AP Course Chapter 1. The Science of Biology 1.1. The Science of Life 1.2. The Nature of Science 1.3. An Example of Scientific Inquiry: Darwi
2、n and Evolution 1.A.1 Natural selection is a major mechanism of evolution 8-11 1.4. Unifying Themes in Biology Chapter 2. The Nature of Molecules and the Properties of Water 2.1. The Nature of Atoms 2.A.3 Organisms must exchange matter with the environment to grow, reproduce, and maintain organizati
3、on. 18-21 2.2. Elements Found in Living Systems 2.A.3 Organisms must exchange matter with the environment to grow, reproduce, and maintain organization. 22 2.3. The Nature of Chemical Bonds 2.A.3 Organisms must exchange matter with the environment to grow, reproduce, and maintain organization. 23-24
4、 2.4. Water: A Vital Compound 2.A.3 Organisms must exchange matter with the environment to grow, reproduce, and maintain organization. 25-27 Cohesion p27 2.5. Properties of Water 2.A.3 Organisms must exchange matter with the environment to grow, reproduce, and maintain organization. 28-29 High speci
5、fic heat capacity p28; Universal solvent supports reactions p28; Heat of vaporization p28 2.6. Acids and Bases 2.A.3 Organisms must exchange matter with the environment to grow, reproduce, and maintain organization. 29-32 Biology, 9th Edition by Raven, Johnson, Mason, Losos, and Singer, 2011 (McGraw
6、-Hill) AP is a registered trademark of the College Board which was not involved in the development of, and does not endorse this product. Essential Knowledge covered Required content for the AP Course Illustrative examples covered in this textbook - teach at least one Content not required for the AP
7、 Course Chapter 3. The Chemical Building Blocks of Life 3.1. Carbon: The Framework of Biological Molecules 4.A.1: The subcomponents of biological molecules and their sequence determine the properties of that molecule. 34-37 3.2. Carbohydrates: Energy Storage and Structural Molecules 4.A.1: The subco
8、mponents of biological molecules and their sequence determine the properties of that molecule. 38-40 3.3. Nucleic Acids: Information Molecules 4.A.1: The subcomponents of biological molecules and their sequence determine the properties of that molecule. 41-43 3.4. Proteins: Molecules with Diverse St
9、ructures and Functions 4.A.1: The subcomponents of biological molecules and their sequence determine the properties of that molecule. 44-52 3.5. Lipids: Hydrophobic Molecules 4.A.1: The subcomponents of biological molecules and their sequence determine the properties of that molecule. 53-58 Chapter
10、4. Cell Structure 4.1. Cell Theory 2.A.3 Organisms must exchange matter with the environment to grow, reproduce, and maintain organization; 2.B.3 Eukaryotic cells maintain internal membranes that partition the cell into specialized regions; 4.A.2: The structure and function of subcellular components
11、, and their interactions, provide essential cellular processes; 4.B.2: Cooperative interactions within organisms promote efficiency in the use of energy and matter. 59-62 4.2. Prokaryotic Cells 2.B.3 Eukaryotic cells maintain internal membranes that partition the cell into specialized regions; 4.A.2
12、: The structure and function of subcellular components, and their interactions, provide essential cellular processes; 4.B.2: Cooperative interactions within organisms promote efficiency in the use of energy and matter. 63-64 AP is a registered trademark of the College Board which was not involved in
13、 the development of, and does not endorse this product. Essential Knowledge covered Required content for the AP Course Illustrative examples covered in this textbook - teach at least one Content not required for the AP Course 4.3. Eukaryotic Cells 2.B.3 Eukaryotic cells maintain internal membranes t
14、hat partition the cell into specialized regions; 4.A.2: The structure and function of subcellular components, and their interactions, provide essential cellular processes; 4.B.2: Cooperative interactions within organisms promote efficiency in the use of energy and matter. 65-68 Endomembrane systems,
15、 including the nuclear envelope p65; Nuclear Envelope p65 4.4. The Endomembrane System 2.B.3 Eukaryotic cells maintain internal membranes that partition the cell into specialized regions; 4.A.2: The structure and function of subcellular components, and their interactions, provide essential cellular
16、processes 69-72 Endoplasmic Reticulum p70; Golgi p70 4.5. Mitochondria and Chloroplasts: Cellular Generators 2.B.3 Eukaryotic cells maintain internal membranes that partition the cell into specialized regions; 4.A.2: The structure and function of subcellular components, and their interactions, provi
17、de essential cellular processes 73-74 Membrane-bound organelles (mitochondria and/or chloroplasts) p73; Mitochondria p73; Chloroplasts p73 4.6. The Cytoskeleton 2.B.3 Eukaryotic cells maintain internal membranes that partition the cell into specialized regions; 4.A.2: The structure and function of s
18、ubcellular components, and their interactions, provide essential cellular processes 75-78 Cytoskeleton (is a network of structural proteins that facilitate cell movement, morphological integrity and organelle transport) p75 4.7. Extracellular Structures and Cell Movement 2.B.1 Cell membranes are sel
19、ectively permeable due to their structure; 4.A.2: The structure and function of subcellular components, and their interactions, provide essential cellular processes 79-81 4.8. Cell-to-Cell Interactions 3.D.2 Cells communicate with each other through direct contact with other cells or from a distance
20、 via chemical signaling; 4.A.2: The structure and function of subcellular components, and their interactions, provide essential cellular processes 82-87 Plasmodesmata between plant cells that allow material to be transported from cell to cell p84 AP is a registered trademark of the College Board whi
21、ch was not involved in the development of, and does not endorse this product. Essential Knowledge covered Required content for the AP Course Illustrative examples covered in this textbook - teach at least one Content not required for the AP Course Chapter 5. Membranes 5.1. The Structure of Membranes
22、 2.B.1 Cell membranes are selectively permeable due to their structure. 88-91 5.2. Phospholipids: The Membranes Foundation 2.B.1 Cell membranes are selectively permeable due to their structure; 4.C.1: Variation in molecular units provides cells with a wider range of functions 92 Different types of p
23、hospholipids in cell membranes p92 5.3. Proteins: Multifunctional Components 2.B.1 Cell membranes are selectively permeable due to their structure. 93-95 5.4. Passive Transport Across Membranes 2.B.2 Growth and dynamic homeostasis are maintained by the constant movement of molecules across membranes
24、. 96-98 Glucose transport p97 5.5. Active Transport Across Membranes 2.B.2 Growth and dynamic homeostasis are maintained by the constant movement of molecules across membranes. 99-101 Na+/K+ transport p100 5.6. Bulk Transport by Endocytosis and Exocytosis 2.B.2 Growth and dynamic homeostasis are mai
25、ntained by the constant movement of molecules across membranes. 102-106 Chapter 6. Energy and Metabolism 6.1. The Flow of Energy in Living Systems 2.A.1 All living systems require constant input of free energy. 107-108 6.2. The Laws of Thermodynamics and Free Energy 2.A.1 All living systems require
26、constant input of free energy. 109-111 6.3. ATP: The Energy Currency of Cells 2.A.1 All living systems require constant input of free energy. 112 6.4. Enzymes: Biological Catalysts 2.A.1 All living systems require constant input of free energy; 4.B.1: Interactions between molecules affect their stru
27、cture and function 113-116 6.5. Metabolism: The Chemical Description of Cell Function 2.A.1 All living systems require constant input of free energy. 117-121 Chapter 7. How Cells Harvest Energy 7.1. Overview of Respiration 2.A.2 Organisms capture and store free energy for use in biological processes
28、. 122-126 Oxygen in cellular respiration p124 AP is a registered trademark of the College Board which was not involved in the development of, and does not endorse this product. Essential Knowledge covered Required content for the AP Course Illustrative examples covered in this textbook - teach at le
29、ast one Content not required for the AP Course 7.2. Glycolysis: Splitting Glucose 2.A.2 Organisms capture and store free energy for use in biological processes. 127, 129 Glycolysis p127 128 7.3. The Oxidation of Pyruvate to Produce Acetyl- CoA 2.A.2 Organisms capture and store free energy for use in
30、 biological processes. 130 7.4. The Krebs Cycle 2.A.2 Organisms capture and store free energy for use in biological processes. 131-132 Krebs Cycle p131 133 7.5. The Electron Transport Chain and Chemiosmosis 2.A.2 Organisms capture and store free energy for use in biological processes. 134-136 7.6. E
31、nergy Yield of Aerobic Respiration 2.A.2 Organisms capture and store free energy for use in biological processes. 137 7.7. Regulation of Aerobic Respiration 2.A.2 Organisms capture and store free energy for use in biological processes. 138 7.8. Oxidation Without O2 2.A.2 Organisms capture and store
32、free energy for use in biological processes. 139 Fermentation p139 7.9. Catabolism of Proteins and Fats 2.A.2 Organisms capture and store free energy for use in biological processes. 140-141 7.10. Evolution of Metabolism 2.A.2 Organisms capture and store free energy for use in biological processes.
33、142 Chapter 8. Photosynthesis 8.1. Overview of Photosynthesis 2.A.2 Organisms capture and store free energy for use in biological processes. 147-148 8.2. The Discovery of Photosynthetic Processes 2.A.2 Organisms capture and store free energy for use in biological processes. 149-150 8.3. Pigments 2.A
34、.2 Organisms capture and store free energy for use in biological processes; 4.C.1: Variation in molecular units provides cells with a wider range of functions. 151-153 NADP+ in photosynthesis p151; Chlorophylls p152 8.4. Photosystem Organization 2.A.2 Organisms capture and store free energy for use
35、in biological processes. 154-155 8.5. The Light-Dependent Reactions 2.A.2 Organisms capture and store free energy for use in biological processes. 156-159 8.6. Carbon Fixation: The Calvin Cycle 2.A.2 Organisms capture and store free energy for use in biological processes. 160-162 Calvin Cycle p160 8
36、.7. Photorespiration 2.A.2 Organisms capture and store free energy for use in biological processes. 163-167 AP is a registered trademark of the College Board which was not involved in the development of, and does not endorse this product. Essential Knowledge covered Required content for the AP Cours
37、e Illustrative examples covered in this textbook - teach at least one Content not required for the AP Course Chapter 9. Cell Communication 9.1. Overview of Cell Communication 3.B.2 A variety of intercellular and intracellular signal transmissions mediate gene expression; 3.D.1 Cell communication pro
38、cesses share common features that reflect a shared evolutionary history; 3.D.2 Cells communicate with each other through direct contact with other cells or from a distance via chemical signaling. 168-170 9.2. Receptor Types 3.B.2 A variety of intercellular and intracellular signal transmissions medi
39、ate gene expression; 3.D.1 Cell communication processes share common features that reflect a shared evolutionary history; 3.D.2 Cells communicate with each other through direct contact with other cells or from a distance via chemical signaling. 171-172 9.3. Intracellular Receptors 3.B.2 A variety of
40、 intercellular and intracellular signal transmissions mediate gene expression; 3.D.1 Cell communication processes share common features that reflect a shared evolutionary history; 3.D.2 Cells communicate with each other through direct contact with other cells or from a distance via chemical signalin
41、g. 173 Second messengers such as: cyclic GMP, cyclic AMP calcium ions (Ca2+), and inositol triphosphate (IP3) p173 9.4. Signal Transduction Through Receptor Kinases 3.B.2 A variety of intercellular and intracellular signal transmissions mediate gene expression; 3.D.1 Cell communication processes sha
42、re common features that reflect a shared evolutionary history; 3.D.2 Cells communicate with each other through direct contact with other cells or from a distance via chemical signaling; 3.D.3. Signal transduction pathways link signal reception with cellular response. 174-175 Action of platelet-deriv
43、ed growth factor (PDGF) p175; Receptor tyrosine kinases 174 176-178 AP is a registered trademark of the College Board which was not involved in the development of, and does not endorse this product. Essential Knowledge covered Required content for the AP Course Illustrative examples covered in this
44、textbook - teach at least one Content not required for the AP Course 9.5. Signal Transduction Through G Protein- Coupled Receptors 3.B.2 A variety of intercellular and intracellular signal transmissions mediate gene expression; 3.D.1 Cell communication processes share common features that reflect a
45、shared evolutionary history; 3.D.2 Cells communicate with each other through direct contact with other cells or from a distance via chemical signaling; 3.D.3. Signal transduction pathways link signal reception with cellular response; 3.D.4. Changes in signal transduction pathways can alter cellular
46、response. 179-180 Levels of cAMP regulate metabolic gene expression in bacteria.p179; G-protein linked receptors p179 181-184 Chapter 10. How Cells Divide 10.1. Bacterial Cell Division 3.A.2 In eukaryotes, heritable information is passed to the next generation via processes that include the cell cyc
47、le and mitosis, or meiosis plus fertilization. 186-188 10.2. Eukaryotic Chromosomes 3.A.2 In eukaryotes, heritable information is passed to the next generation via processes that include the cell cycle and mitosis, or meiosis plus fertilization. 189-191 10.3. Overview of the Eukaryotic Cell Cycle 3.
48、A.2 In eukaryotes, heritable information is passed to the next generation via processes that include the cell cycle and mitosis, or meiosis plus fertilization. 192 10.4. Interphase: Preparation for Mitosis 3.A.2 In eukaryotes, heritable information is passed to the next generation via processes that
49、 include the cell cycle and mitosis, or meiosis plus fertilization. 193 10.5. M Phase: Chromosome Segregation and the Division of Cytoplasmic Contents 3.A.2 In eukaryotes, heritable information is passed to the next generation via processes that include the cell cycle and mitosis, or meiosis plus fertilization. 194-197 Cytokines regulate gene expression to allow for cell replication and division. P197 AP is a registered trademark of the College Board which was not involved in the development of, and does not endorse this product.
