1、语法综合讲练 倒装句(Inversion),学法指导,倒装句有两个主要的作用。一是为了保持句 的平衡，二是为了语言的表达更加生动。 The days when China was weak and backward are gong.主语太长，谓语太短。 = Gone are the days when China was weak and backward. 中国贫穷而落后的年代一去不复返了。 学习倒装句的难点有两点 记住倒装句的语序记住引起倒装句的词,简单的说, 倒装句就是把句子主语和谓语的位置颠倒，即把谓语放在主语的前面. e.g. Are you a boy? Why didnt yo
2、u come? Never before have I seen such a wonderful film.,倒装句有两种句式： 全部倒装和部分倒装 一、全部倒装的四种情形 (把谓语动词完全放在主语之前) 标志词+ 谓语（vi）+ 主语,1. 句首标志词为here/there, out/in, up/down, away, now/then等方位副词并2. 且谓语动词是表示运动的come、go、rush、live、exist、flow, rise, 等不及物动词时，用全部倒装。,e.g. 1) The kite went up into the sky.,Up went the kite i
3、nto the sky. Up into the sky went the kite.,2) The book you want is here.,Here is the book you want.,e.g. Here it comes.,3) The door suddenly opened and a dog came in.,The door suddenly opened and in came a dog.,4) Her long brown hair came down.,Down came her long brown hair.,Away flew the bird.,5)
4、The bird flew away.,注:主语是人称代词, 不用主谓倒装.,2. 表地点的介词短语，在句中做表语或状语时 e.g. 在一座孤零零的房子前坐着一个小男孩。 森林边有一个小木屋。（lie）,In front of the lonely house sat a little boy.,At the edge of the woods lies the log cabin.,e.g. Inside the pyramids are the burial rooms for the kings and queens. and long passages to these rooms.
5、保持了句子平衡，或为了强调表语或状语，或为了使上下文紧密衔接时。,3. 表语置于句首时 e.g. Gone are the days when they could do what they liked.,在货物中有圣诞树、鲜花、蜡烛和玩具。,Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.,So/thus (In this way) + vi + 主,“Long long ago ,” So begin many fairy tales. =,Many fairy tales begin in this way L
6、ong long ago , Or Thats how fairy tales begin.,4. there be 句型 e.g. There is no place left for the piano.,在2004年，中国大约发生了五十多万起交通事故。,There were about 500,000 traffic accidents happening in China in 2004.,表语在句首 Such + link-v+ S,Such is Albert Einstein, a simple man with great achievements.阿尔伯特爱因斯坦就是这样一位
7、单纯而又具有伟大成就的人。,Thousands of homeless people and endless death. _ were the misfortunes of war.A. So B. Such C. This D. That,B,二、部分倒装的九种情形 (指把谓语的一部分，如助动词、情态动词等移到主语之前) 标志词+助动词/情态动词+主语+其它,1. 用于so, nor, neither 开头的句子，表示第二人或事也重复前一句的内容。 e.g. He has been to Beijing. So have I. =I have been to Beijing, too.,H
8、e cant answer the question. Neither can I.= I cant, either.,他不能回答这个问题，我也不能。,比较,1) They went out before day broke and came home before noon. So lived the couple for many months before they were divorced. 2) -He is very hardworking.-So he is. 他确实如此。（同意别人的观点） 3) He likes music, so do I.,It is the same
9、with So it is with,Karl Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language. So it was with Engles.= it was the same with Engles. His brother is a soldier and he serves in Hainan. It is the same with my brother.=So it is with my brother.,2. 以only修饰的副词，介词短语, 状语从句等放在句首时为部分倒装。 Only +状语+助动词+主语+其
10、它,Only in this way can you learn English well.,e.g. 直到那时，他才意识到自己老了。,Only when you have finished your homework can you go out and play.,Only then did he realize that he was old.,只有用这种方法，你才能学好英语。,只有完成作业后，你才可以出去玩。,注：如果only修饰主语, 则不用倒装,Only he can solve the problem.,3. little, hardly, never, seldom, not等
11、含有否定意义的词放在句首时 1） Hardly did I expect that he could come back so soon. 2）Little did he realize that he had made an important invention. 3）Not a single word must you tell him. 4)Never has he been abroad. 5)Seldom does Wang go swimming.,4. 表示时间频率的状语位于句首时，且表示强调。,e.g. 我们经常警告他们不要那样做。,Often do we warn them
12、 not to do so.,We often warn them not to do so.,5. 在以下句型中 a) hardly / scarcely when, no sooner, than,No sooner had he begun to speak than all the people laughed.,Hardly had he stepped into the classroom when the bell rang.,他刚一开口说话，所有的人都大笑起来。,他刚一踏进教室，铃声就响了起来。,b) 在not onlybut also的句型中(but also之后的句子不用倒
13、装).,e.g. 他不仅能唱流行歌曲，而且还能写一些。,Not only did he like singing pop songs, but also he could write some.,c) 在not until句型中,e.g. 直到今天早晨我才想起了一个好主意。,Not until this morning did I get a good idea.,I didnt get a good idea until this morning.,d) Neither nor（前后都倒）,e.g. 我既不知道这次晚会，也没来。,Neither did I know about the pa
14、rty, nor did I come.,e) 含否定意义的介词短语在句首时 in no way, at no time, in no case, by no means,At no time have I told you that you can use my car.我从没告诉过你，说你可以用我的车子。,6. 用以as引导的让步状语从句中 表语+as+主语+其它,= Though/Although he was tired,he .,e.g. Tired as he was, he worked late into the night.,Child as he is, he knows
15、much.,= Though/Although he is a child, he .,7. 用于省略if的虚拟条件句（只有had、should、were(was)可倒装） If it were to/should rain tomorrow, I would not go for a picnic.,= Were it to/Should it rain tomorrow, I would not go for a picnic.,= Had I attended the meeting, I would have been here.,If I had attended the meeti
16、ng, I would have been here.,e.g. May you succeed !,e.g. 他说的那样的快，我们几乎听不清。,8. 在sothat、suchthat的结构中,So rapidly did he speak that we could hardly hear him.,9. 用于某些表示祝愿的句子。,_ homework did we have that we had no time to take a rest.(06年福建卷)A. B. Too muchC. Too little D. So little At the foot of the mounta
17、in _. (06年四川卷)A. a village lie B. C. does a village lie D. lying a village,So much,lies a village,Ive tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means _ with my progress.(06年重庆卷)A. the teacher is not satisfiedB. is the teacher not satisfiedC. the teacher is satisfiedD.,is the teacher satisfied
18、,写出下列句子的倒装句,语法综合讲练 强调句式,清华附中 程惠云,强调句的基本结构,It is/was + 被强调部分+ that/ who/ whom +其它 被强调的部分可以是句子中的主语、宾语或状语，但不能够是谓语或定语。,I met him in the street yesterday.,It was I who/that met him in the street yesterday. (强调主语) 注意：除去句子的功能词it was that句子仍然完整。 It was him whom/that I met in the street yesterday.（强调宾语） It w
19、as in the street that(不能用where) I met him yesterday.（强调状语）,有时可以用It might be that; It must be that 句型表示强调,It might be his father that he is thinking of.他关心的可能是他的父亲。 It must have been his brother that you saw.你见到的想必是他的兄弟。,not until 的it 强调句,She did not realize that she had left the key in the office un
20、til she got home. It was not until she got home that she realized she had left her key in the office.,It强调句的疑问句,Was it in 1939 that the Second World War broke out? Who was it that broke the window? What is it that you are looking for?How was it that you succeeded? Why is it that smoking is allowed h
21、ere?,强调句型与It is/was+时间+when,It was at midnight that I got back home yesterday. =I got back home at midnight yesterday. It was midnight when I got back home yesterday. = When I got home, it was midnight.,强调句型与It is/was+时间+since,It was two years ago that I began to learn English. =I began to learn Eng
22、lish two years ago. It is two hours that he spends on English every day. =He spends two hours on English every day.It is two years since I began to learn English.,强调句型与It was not long before,It wasnt long before they started again. It wont be long before we meet again. It was two years _ he came bac
23、k from abroad. It was two years later _ he came back from abroad.,before,that,I just wonder _ that makes him so excited. (06年山东卷)A. why it does B. what he doesC. how it is D. David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature _ he chose the course.A. which B. what C. why D.,what it is,that,It was _ back home after the experiment.A. not until midnight did he goB. until midnight that he didnt goC. D. until midnight when he didnt go,not until mid night that he went,
