1、,Chapter three Translation on Literary Style,Off line Business On line Business ,I. Review and homework checkingII. General Introduction to literary translationIV. Translation practice V. SummaryVI. Assignments,Contents,I. Review and homework checkingII. General Introduction to literary translationI
2、II. Translation practice IV. SummaryV. Assignments,Contents,1.The definition of sci-tech English,2.The classification of sci-tech English,3.The characteristics of sci-tech English,4.The translation methods of sci-tech terms,科技书面语&科技口语,普通科技文体&专用科技文体,词汇特点,句法特点,修辞特点,1) 直译 2）意译 3) 音译 4) 音译混5）形译,I. Revie
3、w and homework checking,Translate the following passages into English Protection against complete structural failure is achieved in three different ways: first, by proper selection of material especially, in high load areas, to provide a consistent slow rate of crack propagation, and high residual s
4、trength; second, by providing such multipath structure on the airplane that the loss of any one segment would not endanger the airplane; and third, by providing readily accessible structure which can be inspected and maintained properly.,用三种方法来防止整个结构的损坏：,一、适当选用材料，特别是在高载荷区的材料，要具有一致的、迟缓的裂痕扩散速率特性以及高剩余强
5、度；,二、采用多路传力结构，使某一局部损坏 不危及整个飞机；,三、使结构具有易卸性，便于检查与维修。,I. Review and homework checking,I. Review &homework checking,Translate the following passages into EnglishAs oil is found deep in the ground, its presence cannot be determined by a study of the surface. Consequently, a geological survey of the under
6、-ground, rock structure must be carried out. If it is thought that the rocks in a certain area contain oil, a “drilling rig” is assembled. The most obvious part of a drilling rig is called “derrick”. It is used to lift sections of pipe, which are lowered into the hole made by the drill. As the hole
7、is being drilled, a steel pipe is pushed down to prevent the sides from falling in. If oil is struck a cover is firmly fixed to the top of the pipe and the oil is allowed to escape through a series of valves.,石油埋藏于地层深处。,(因此，仅仅靠)研究地层表面，无法确定有关石油，,必须对地下的岩石结构进行地质勘测。,如果确定了某一区域的岩石蕴藏着石油，就在此安装钻机。,钻机最明显的部分是机
8、架，,因为它提举一节一节的钢管。这些钢管被压入井孔，,一边钻井，一边下钢管，以防周围土层塌陷。,一旦生油，就紧固管盖，让油从各个阀门喷出。,翻译不同文体要不同的侧重。如翻译小说时要注意语境的传译、人物描绘的传译、总体风格的传译和写作技巧的传译等。翻译散文时必须注意译文的笔调适合原文的庄重的风格等。翻译诗歌则要注意形式、节奏、声韵等的对等。,II. General Introduction to literary translation,文学作品的特点 目的 格式 取材 语言,抒情化 有感而发,自由化 自由想象,虚拟化 艺术真实,形象化 生动 形象 含蓄 朦胧,形象 抒情 含蓄 幽默 讽刺性 象
9、征性,写景， 写人， 写心， 写情， 写物， 写事，,渲染气氛； 塑造形象； 分析心理； 呼唤人性； 树立象征； 制造悬念。,II. General Introduction to literary translation,Livid lightening flares in storm-clouds oer the vast expanse of ocean, and the flaming darts are captured and extinguished by the waters, while the serpentine reflections writhe, expiring,
10、 in the deep. The storm! The storm will soon be breaking! Still the valiant Stormy Petrel proudly wheels among the lightening, over the roaring, raging ocean, and his cry resound sextant, like a prophecy of triumph. Let it break in all its fury.,III. Translation practice,译文1：一堆堆的阴云， 好象深蓝色的火焰， 在这无底的海
11、的头上浮动， 海再抓住闪电的光芒，把它熄灭在自己的深渊。 像是火蛇似的，在海里游动着， 消逝了， 这些闪电的影子。 暴风雨， 暴风雨快要爆发了！ 那是勇敢的海燕， 在闪电中间， 在怒吼的海的头上， 得意洋洋地飞掠着！ 这胜利的预言家叫了： “让暴风雨来得厉害些吧！”（瞿秋白译）,III. Translation practice,一堆堆的乌云，像青色的火焰， 在无底的大海上燃烧。大海抓住金箭似的闪电， 把它熄灭在自己的深渊里。闪电的影子， 像一条条火蛇， 在大海里蜿蜒浮动， 一晃就消失了。 暴风雨， 暴风雨就要来啦！ 这是勇敢的海燕， 在闪电之间， 在怒吼的大海上高傲地飞翔。这胜利的预言家在叫
12、喊：“让暴风雨来得猛烈些吧！（戈宝权译）,III. Translation practice,On StudiesBy Francis Bacon Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight is in private-ness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business. 读书足以怡情，足以博彩
13、，足以长才。其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其博彩也；最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判世之际。,III. Translation practice,Reading maketh a full man, conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. 读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确。,III. Translation practice,祖国山水，风格多样；多样的风格，相对应而存在，相比较而多姿。 杭州西湖，水榭歌台，人工赋予它典雅美。,China is a land of scenic contrasts，each uniqu
14、ely representing its own area； West Lake in Hangzhou with enchanting pavilions set in quiet surroundings.,III. Translation practice,蜀中仙山峨嵋，漂浮于云滔雾海，呈秀色于烟雨漫漫的山林。誉满中华的广西桂林山水，水秀山奇，山水平分秋色。,Mount Emei in Sichuan with peaks peeping through mist and clouds， Guilin in Guangxi with panoramic views of mountain
15、s and rivers.,III. Translation practice,The original poem： 好事终， 画梁春尽落香尘。 擅风情， 秉月貌， 便是败家的根本。 箕裘颓堕皆从敬， 家事消亡首罪宁。 宿孽总因情。,III. Translation practice,Good things come to an end,Fragrant dust falls from painted beams at the close of spring;,By nature passionate and fair as the moon.,The true root is she of
16、the familys destruction.,The decline of the old tradition starts with Jing,The chief blame for the Houses ruin rests with Ning.,All their sins come about through Love. (Yang Xianyi),The original poem： 好事终， 画梁春尽落香尘。 擅风情， 秉月貌， 便是败家的根本。 箕裘颓堕皆从敬， 家事消亡首罪宁。 宿孽总因情。,III. Translation practice,The good things
17、 have an end,Perfumed was the dust that fell, From painted beams where springtime ended .,Her sportive heart , And amorous looks ,The ruin of a mighty house portended.,The weakness in the line began with Jing;,The blame for the decline lay first in Ning;,But retribution all was of Loves fashioning.,
18、好了歌 世人都晓神仙好， 惟有功名忘不了， 古今将相在何方， 荒冢一堆草没了。 世人都晓神仙好，只有金银忘不了， 终朝只恨聚无多，及到多时眼闭了。 世人都晓神仙好，只有娇妻忘不了， 君生日日说恩情， 君死又随人去了。 世人都晓神仙好，只有儿孙忘不了， 痴心父母古来多，孝顺儿孙谁见了。,Example 3,III. Translation practice,All Good Things Must End “All men long to be immortals, Yet to riches and rank each aspires; The great ones of old, where
19、 are they now? Their graves are a mass of briars.,III. Translation practice,All men long to be immortals, Yet silver and gold they prize. And grub for money all their lives, Till death seals up their eyes.,III. Translation practice,All men long to be immortals, Yet dote on the wives theyve wed, Who
20、swear to love their husband evermore, But remarry as soon as hes dead.,III. Translation practice,All men long to be immortals, Yet with getting sons wont have done. Although fond parents are legion, Who ever saw a really filial son? （by Mr. & Mrs. Yang ),III. Translation practice,The Won-Done SongMe
21、n all know that salvation should be won, But with ambition wont have done, have done.Where are the famous ones of days gone by?In grassy graves they lie now, everyone.Men all know that salvation should be won,But with their riches wont have done, have done.Each day, they grumble theyve not made enou
22、gh,When theyve enough, its goodnight everyone!,III. Translation practice,The Won-Done SongMen all know that salvation should be won, But with ambition wont have done, have done.Where are the famous ones of days gone by?In grassy graves they lie now, everyone.Men all know that salvation should be won
23、,But with their riches wont have done, have done.Each day, they grumble theyve not made enough,When theyve enough, its goodnight everyone!,III. Translation practice,Men all know that salvation should be won, But with their loving wives they wont have done. The darlings every day protest their love,
24、But once you are dead, theyre off with another one. Men all know that salvation should be won, But with their children wont have done, have done. Yet though of parents fond there is no lack, Of grateful children saw I neer one.,III. Translation practice,IV. Summary,1. Characteristics of literary wor
25、ks,2. Principles of literary translation,3. Notes for literary translation,1Translate the following into English. 加拿大的温哥华1986年刚刚度过百岁的生日，但城市的发展令世界瞩目。以港立市，以港兴市，是许多港口城市生存发展的道路。经过百年开发建设，有着天然不冻良港的温哥华，成为举世瞩目的港口城市，同亚洲、大洋洲、欧洲、拉丁美洲均有定期班轮，年货物吞吐量达8000万吨，全市就业人口中有三分之一从事贸易与运输行业。 温哥华的辉煌是温哥华人的智慧和勤奋的结晶， 其中包括多民族的贡献。加
26、拿大地广人稀，国土面积比中国还大，人口却不足3000万。吸收外来移民，是加拿大长期奉行的国策。可以说，加拿大除了印第安人外，无一不是外来移民， 不同的是时间长短而已。温哥华则更是世界上屈指可数的多民族城市。现今180完温哥华居民中，有一半不是在本地出生的，每4个居民中就有一个是亚洲人。而25万华人对温哥华的经济转型起着决定性作用，其中有一半是近5年才来到温哥华地区的， 使温哥华成为亚洲以外最大的中国人聚居地。(1999年试题),IV. Assignment,IV. Assignment,2Translate the following into English.Three Days to Se
27、e Sometime I have thought it would be an excellent rule to live each day as if we should die tomorrow. Such an attitude would emphasize sharply the values of life. We should live each day with a gentleness, a vigor, and a keenness of appreciation which are often lost when time stretches before us in
28、 the constant panorama of more days and months and years to come. There are those, of course, who would adopt the epicurean motto of “Eat, drink, and be merry,” but most people would be chastened by the certainty of impending death. Most of us take life for granted. We know that one day we must die,
29、 but usually we picture that day as far as in the future. When we are in buoyant health, death is all but unimaginable. We seldom think of it. The days stretch out in an endless vista. So we go about our petty tasks, hardly aware of our listless attitude toward life.,IV. Assignment,Three Days to See
30、 The same lethargy , I am afraid, characterizes the use of all our faculties and senses. Only the deaf appreciate hearing, only the blind realize the manifold blessings that lie in sight. Particularly does this observation apply to those who have lost sight and hearing in adult life. But those who h
31、ave never suffered impairment of sight or hearing seldom make the fullest use of these blessed faculties. Their eyes and ears take in all sights and sounds hazily, without concentration, and with little appreciation. It is the same old story of not being grateful for what we have until it would be a
32、 blessing if each human being were stricken blind and deaf for a few days at some time during his early life. Darkness would make him more appreciative of sight; silence would teach him the joys of sound. Now and then I have tested my seeing friends to discover what they see. Recently I was visited
33、by a very good friend who had just returned from a long walk in the woods, and I asked her what she had . “Nothing in particular,” she replied. I might have been incredulous had I not been accustomed to such responses, for long ago I became convinced that the seeing see little.,IV. Assignment,Three
34、Days to See How was it possible, I asked myself, to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worthy of note? I who cannot see find hundreds of things to interest me through skin of a silver birch, or the rough shaggy bark of pine. In spring I touch the branches of trees hopefully in search
35、 of a bud, the first sign of awakening Nature after winters sleep. I feel the delightful , velvety texture of flower, and discover its remarkable convolutions; and something of the miracle of Nature is revealed to me. Occasionally, if I am very fortunate, I place my hand gently on a small tree and f
36、eel the happy quiver of a bird in full song. I am delighted to have the cool waters of a brook rush through my open fingers. To me a lush carpet of pine needles or spongy grass is more welcome than the most luxurious Persian rug. To me the pageant of seasons is a thrilling and unending drama, the action of which streams through my finger tips.,The End,Thanks for Your Attention,
