1、动名词,第17讲 动 名 词,动名词,V +doing,Being done /having been done,Doing /having done,起名词作用作主语,表语,宾语及定语,物主代词/名词所有格,表示动作的概念性和抽象性,动 名 词,作主语,_ is very useful to me . （学习生词对我来说很有用。）,Learning new words,_ helps make one healthy. （每天早晨做运动有助于人的健康。）,Taking exercise every morning,动名词作主语通常表示抽象的或泛指的动作，一般不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起；,
2、常在下面两类结构中作主语:,It is +,no use / no good useless /senseless fun / enjoyable / tiring nice / expensive / dangerous a bore / a waste of time / a good pleasure,+ doing,It is no use_.,talking like this,象这样谈话没有用。,Its a waste of time_.,arguing with him,和他这样辩论是浪费时间。,2)There is no + doing =,It is impossible t
3、o do-,There is no saying what may happen . There is no holding back the wheel of history .,作表语,Her job is_.,teaching English,她的工作是教英语.,His hobby is_.,collecting stamps,他的爱好是集邮。,动名词作表语时表示比较抽象的一般行为、习惯,注：动名词作表语与现在分词作表语的区别,动名词作表语时相当于名词，说明主语的含义及内容，它与主语是同等关系，主语与表语互换位置不影响句子的基本含义，但不可用副词来修饰。,My job is lookin
4、g after the children.Our duty is serving the people heart and soul.,The situation is encouraging.This cake is very inviting.,作宾语,She suggested _.,她建议去长城春游。,going to the Great Wall for the spring outing,I enjoy_.,listening to music,我喜欢听音乐。,Would you mind _.,opening the window,打开窗子好吗?,Seeing the pictu
5、re , he cant help laughing.,Have you finished reading the book?,）只接动名词作宾语的常见动词有十六个：resist、mind、suggest、delay、keep on、look forward to、enjoy、include、appreciate、imagine、practise、finish、succeed in、consider、cant help、miss,2) 在下面这种结构中也可以用动名词(短语)构成宾语,S （主语）+,think consider find feel like,+ it +,useless no
6、use no good,+V-ing,I found it useless (no use )_. 我发现争论这件事是没有用的,arguing about it,Do you consider it any good ?你觉得再试会有好处吗？,trying again,作介词宾语,He insisted on. 他坚持要看足球比赛,watching the football game,Thank you for . 谢谢你帮助了我,helping me,She left without . 她没有告诉我就离开了,telling me,）能跟动名词的短语很多，常见的有： insist on /
7、persist in / think of / dream of / object to / hear of / prevent from / keep from / stop from / feel like / be engaged in / devote to look forward to / depend on / thank for / excuse for / set about / spend in / get (be) used to / be fond of / be afraid of / be tired of / succeed in / be interested
8、in / be proud of / burst out / give up,Eg :They all objected to putting the meeting off.,) 还可以与for the purpose of , in case of, instead of, for fear of 等构成短语，作状语,He walked on tiptoe for fear of . 他踮着脚走路以免吵醒病人,waking the,She has been playing all afternoon instead of_.,getting on with her work,她整个下午不工
9、作，一直在玩,She is afraid of falling behind the others.,I dont feel like eating anything.,patient,在下面这类句子中，介词in 常可以省略,1)have,trouble /difficulty a problem /a struggle a good time /a hard time,(+in)+V-ing,2) S + spend time /money (in ) +v-ing,3) S + be busy (in/with )+V-ing,4) lose no time (in ) + V-ing 立
10、即做,They are busy (in) . 他们忙于准备考试 Do you have any difficulty (in ) ? 你听懂英语口语有困难吗？ I spent two hours (in). 我花了两个小时写作文 He lost no time (in). 他立即把这个好消息告诉了我,preparing for the exam,understanding,writing my composition,telling me the good news,spoken English,作定语,There is a swimming pool in our school. His
11、father works in a printing shop. Our teacher uses a very good teaching method.,动名词作定语表示性质或用途,His way of looking at things is better.,为了明确动名词所表示的动作的执行者，可以在动名词之前加上一个物主代词或名词所有格，来表示动名词逻辑上的主语。,Do you object to Li Pings joining the physics group?Do you mind my smoking ?,有时也可以用人称代词宾格或名词普通格，不过，这主要用于口语中。,注：如
12、果不是在句子的开头，这个结构常用名词的普通格或人称代词宾格，如：,I dont like the idea of us / our not helping at all. I dont mind Jane buying another one.,注：如果动名词的逻辑主语是表示无生命的东西的名词，或不定代词，就只能用普通格，不能用所有格，如：,时 态 和 语 态,doing,having done,being done,having been done,doing,having done,动名词的一般形式通常表示一般性动作（即不是明确地在过去、现在或将来发生的动作）或是与谓语所表示的动作同时发生
13、的动作，例如： They are all interested in climbing mountains. He took a great delight in helping others., 若要表示动名词代表的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，通常用动名词的完成形式，如,He didnt mention having met me. I regret not having taken her advice. I dont remember having ever promised you that.,Excuse me for coming late. I dont remember ever seeing him anywhere.,注：在某些动词之后（或在成语中）常用（或可以用）动名词的一般形式表示在谓语动作之前发生的动作，如：,He did it without being asked.,They couldnt stand being treated like that., 当一个动名词逻辑上的主语所表示的是这动作的承受者时，这个动名词一般要用被动形式，例如：,I dont remember having ever been given a chance to try this method.,
