专题5状语从句.ppt

1、状语从句,Adverbial clauses,泾华学校英语组liangxu,定义：起副词作用 在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句，它可以用来修饰谓语/动词（包括非谓语动词）、定语/形容词、状语/副词，或是整个句子。,状语从句一般分为九大类,状语从句类别:,时间状语从句 地点状语从句 原因状语从句 目的状语从句 结果状语从句 条件状语从句 方式状语从句 比较状语从句 让步状语从句,1.时间状语从句：,引导时间状语从句的连词有：,when, while, as, before, after, till, until, since, as soon as the moment/minute,im

2、mediately等。,请注意 when, while, as 的区别,When -当时候, 通常指某一特定的时间点，主句与从句的动作同时发生。,When I have time , I will go to see you.,He said he would tell her about it when he saw her.,*注意：在时间状语从句中，主从句都是将来的动作或状态时，习惯上主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时。,When - 正在的时候，突然。,I was walking along the street , when I met him.,I was about to fall

3、asleep when突然 my sister came in.,When the children had gone to bed, she began to prepare her lessons.,When=after,While -在期间，往往指一段时间。（然而、虽然）,While we were in America, we saw him twice.,While we were talking, he came in.,Strike打击 while the iron is hot.,As - 一边一边, 随着,She was doing her homework as she w

4、as listening to the music.,As she grew older, she became more beautiful.,I saw you as I got off the train,As - 当时，指一个动作紧接着一个动作发生，从句通常用进行时。,As I was going out, it began to rain.,I saw Mary as she was going on the bus.,The moment /minute/second一就 =as soon as , immediately/instantly,-Did you remember t

5、o give Mary the money you owed her?,-Yes, I gave her the moment I saw her.,Not until - 直到才,He didnt leave the office until he finished the work.,=He left the office when he finished the work.,Not until 可以和 when 互换,Before - 在之前,The passengers should arrive at the airport an hour before the flight dep

6、arts.,Did you work as a stewardess before you come to this company?,It was not long before I forgot it all.,(It is/was /will be before是常用句型),He ran off before I could stop him. 还没来及,After - 在 之后,The customer left the ticket counter after he had a quarrel with the ticket agent.,The plane took off aft

7、er the air traffic controller gave clearance.,Since -自从主句用现在完成时,I have never studied for years since I came here .,Lang Liwei has traveled almost everywhere in the world since he became famous.,1.,It is just a week since we arrived here.,(It is /has been since是常用句型）,As soon as - 一就,Jack went to scho

8、ol as soon as he got well.,Ill ring you up as soon as I get an answer from him.,No sooner than - 一就,No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.,no sooner than 用于句首要求倒装,Hardly when,Scarcely when,Once you see him, you will never forget him.,Once - 一但就,Every time, each time 每次whenever 每当for the f

9、irst time,Each time he came to town, he would visit our school.,Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us.,2.条件状语从句,引导状语从句的连接词有:,If, unless, as long as, in case, provided that, on condition that,If -如果,If you dont hurry up, you will miss the plane.,If it snows tomorrow, the flight will

10、 be canceled.,If you leave at 6 oclock tomorrow morning, youd better get to bed now.,Unless - 如果不, 除非=if not,We cant get there on time unless we book the earliest flight,= We cannot get there on time if we dont book the earliest flight.,Dont trouble trouble unless trouble troubles you.,He will not j

11、oin us unless he changes his mind.,As long as - 只要,We will succeed as long as we keep on trying.,You cant play games as long as you remember the rules.,A man is not old as long as he is seeking something.,As (so) far as - 据所知,As far as I know, he speaks English very well.,As/So far as I know, he is

12、an expert on DNA.,In case - 假使, 如果,The plane cannot take off in case that it rains.,Send us a message in case that you have any difficulty.,Provided that 如果,有时省略 that,The plane will be in good condition provided that it is taken care of carefully.,You can become a stewardess provided that you are in

13、 good shape and you have got the proper education.,On condition that - 条件是/如果,He said that he would come to the meeting on condition that no one asked him to speak.,The mother promised to the son to buy him a toy airplane on condition that he passes his English test.,注:主从句的动作发生在将来时，则主句用将来时, 从句用一般现在时

14、。,If he arrives tomorrow, I will be waiting for him at the airport.,He said he would not leave unless it was fine next day.,3.地点状语从句,地点状语从句只有两个连词:,Where, wherever,Where - 在地方,Put the medicine where you can easily get it.,Where that high building stands, there used to be some low, deserted houses.,Wh

15、ere there is a will, there is a way.,Wherever - 无论哪里,He follows her wherever she goes.,Wherever you are, I will be right there waiting for you.,4.原因状语从句,because, as, since, now that既然, 和considering that, seeing that 这六个连词都用于表示表示原因, 但在语气上一个比一个弱.,Because - 因为,通常从句放在主句后.,Mr Smith was very upset because

16、 he couldnt find his luggage.,He said that he couldnt work because the computer was out of order.,I succeed because I willed it, I never hesitated.,I do it because I like it.,As - 因为, 通常放在句首,As it is quite windy today, he decides,As he is honest and modest, all his friends like him.,Since -既然 因语气较弱,

17、 常译为既然,Since everybody has come, we can set off.,Since the purser didnt tell us what to do, we can relax.,Now that - 既然,Now that you are here, you can join us.,Now that all airlines offer discount prices, we should do the same.,considering that - 顾及到,Considering that they are just beginners, they ar

18、e doing quite a good job.,seeing that - 由于,Seeing (that) quite a few people were absent, we decided to put the meeting off.,5.结果状语从句,引导结果状语从句的连词有：,so that, sothat suchthat,So that - 太以至于 so 后面应用形容词或副词, 有时省略so只用that,Boeing 747 is so large that people like to call it jet bomb.,The flight scheduled so

19、early that nobody wanted to look on it.,So that - 因而，以便，为了 有时so 可以省去,Can you move your luggage a little bit away so that I can put mine in the overhead bin too.,Speak louder please so that the people at the back can hear you.,When you skin your customers, you should leave some skin on to grow so tha

20、t you can skin them again.,Such that -太以至于 用法与sothat相同，但such 后面应用名词。,The foreign visitor was such a fast speaker that nobody could understand him.,The Canadian airlines hangar is such a huge building that it can hold two medium-range jets at the same time.,6.目的状语从句,引导目的状语从句的主要连词有:,that, so that, in

21、order that, for fear that, lest,Lets take the front seats (so) that we may see more clearly.,(So) that - 以便, 从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如：can, could, may, might, should等,in order that - 为了, 与so that 相同从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如：can, could, may, might, should等,School was closed early in order that the children might go home

22、 ahead of the storm.,for fear that - 生怕; 为了防止(某事发生),He took the name down for fear that he should forget it.,The instructor emphasized on the issue three times for fear that the students did not pay enough attention to the problem.,in case - 万一,Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.,Y

23、ou should bring a dictionary in case you need it.,Please take an umbrella in case it rains.,7.比较状语从句,引导比较状语从句的连词有：,Asas, not （so用于否定）(as)as, . than, the more the more.,Asas - 像一样,If you dont want to miss the flight, you need to be at the airport as early as possible.,My grandma told me that her eyes

24、ight was as good as 10 years before.,Not so (as) as - 不像,The job is not so difficult as I thought it would be.,The flight was not so/as harmful as the captain predicted.,than -比怎么样，用于事物间的比较，more 后面用形容词或副词,I personally think that the American movies are more interesting than Chinese ones,The more, th

25、e more - 越 越,The more he listened to that song, the less he enjoyed it.,The more things a man is ashamed of, the more respectable he is.,8.让步状语从句,引导让步状语从句的连词有：,Although, though, as, even if, even though, no matter, however, whatever, while虽然, whether,Although, though -虽然 although 和though 可以互换，但altho

26、ugh 常放在句首。Though可以用于倒装。,Although it was raining, the plane managed to take off.,Although it was not his fault, he took all the blame.,Though he did his best, he didnt succeed.,( A) Child though he was, he did quite well.,As - 尽管 as 引导让步状语从句时，句子通常倒装。可与though 互换。,Busy as he is, he never misses a footb

27、all match.,Hard as she works, she makes little progress.,Even if /even though -即使,Even if you dont like your boss, you should do your work.,Even if you are not fond of flowers, you shouldnt miss the chrysanthemum exhibition.,Even though I might be wrong, I will go my way.,Even though his dean didnt

28、mean it, he still felt embarrassed.,However +形、副 在从句首位 不论 however 引导让步状语从句时，,He couldnt get there on time however fast he drove.,The father couldnt make his daughter smile however hard he tried.,N o matter (what, when, where, how) -无论（什么，何时，何地，怎样）,The old man wouldnt believe anything no matter what

29、you said.,Please tell me the result no matter when you get it.,He wouldnt forgive me no matter how hard I begged him.,I will find you no matter where you hide.,Whatever - 不管,Whatever other people may say, she wont change her mind.,Whatever you do, it wont affect our plan.,While -尽管,While I have symp

30、athy for you, I cant help you.,While its none of my business, I will watch you.,Whether -不管，常与or not 连用,Whether he is good or not, the company decided to send him abroad.,Whether his proposal is practical or not, the department plans to adopt.,9. 方式状语从句,方式状语从句常由:,as, as if, as though,as -与 一样,Do in

31、Rome as the Romans do.,Leave things as they are.,as if, as though - 仿佛, 由as if或 as though引导的从句中可用虚拟语气,She stood at the door as if (=as though) she were waiting for someone.,1._ you decide to take up, you should try to make it a success. A. If B. Whenever C. Unless 从句 ？成分？ D. Whatever,？,时态？,2.It is f

32、oolish to take a taxi _ you can easily walk to the station. A. before B. that C. unless D. when,3.Ill accept any job, _ I dont have to get up early. A. even though B. though C. in case D. as long as,成分？从句？,4._ problems you have, you can always come to me for help. A. What B. Whatever C. Whichever D.

33、 Which,5. _ much advice I gave him, he did exactly what he wanted to do. A. How B. Whatever C. However D. No matter,6.-Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? - Yes. I gave it to her _ I saw her. A. while B. the moment C.suddenly D. once,7. If we work with a strong will, we can overcom

34、e any difficulty, _ great it is. A. what B. how C. however D. whatever,8.I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class. A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless,9. John plays football _ , if not better than, David. A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as,10. -What was the party like?-Wonderful. It

35、s years _ I enjoyed myself so much.A. after B. when C. before D. since,11.Dont change your mind, _ happens to you. A. which B. what C. whichever D. whatever,12. _ he comes, we wont be able to go. A. Without B. Unless C. Except D. Even,13. Nobody believed him _ what he said. A. even though B. even if

36、 C. no matter D. because,14. I was watching TV _ suddenly the lights went out. A. when B. while C. as D. for,15. Take your umbrella with you _ it rains. A. if B. as if C. in case (that) D. as long as,16.No sooner _ entered the office _I heard the telephone ringing. A. had I, when B. I had, than C. h

37、ad I, than D. I had, when,17. I had hardly arrived _ he started crying to go home. A. as B. for C. when D. until,18.It wont be long _ you regret what you did A. since B. when C. before D. till,19. The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she_. A. will arrive B. arrives C. is going to arrive D. is arriving,20. _ the day went on, the weather got worse. A. With B. Since C. While D. As,