1、Lesson One,托福写作概述,殷健：东南大学英语、南京大学教育学双硕士，雅思教学总监，11年雅思托福教学经验。 Mailbox: QQ: 750729743 Mobile: 13851433407,What is TOEFL?,托福考试由美国教育考试服务中心开发，用于测试母语为非英语的考生在校园环境中理解和使用英语的能力。美国教育考试服务中心 （Educational Testing Service,简称ETS）,目前全球各地约有4500多所二年制和四年制大专院校、职业学校和相关机构要求学生入学时提供托福考试成绩。托福成绩在很多学校已成为授予学生奖学金的重要依据。自1964年举行以来，
2、已有1750万人次参加了这一考试。,托福官方指南用书,任何英语考试的成功 ,英语内功 + 考试技巧 + 坚持不懈,英语内功,1、足够的词汇量（词汇课；背单词）8000-10000 2、强悍的语法能力（词性；句法） 3、听写是提高听力的最有效手段（慢速英语） 4、先听后说、技巧灵活，要输出，先输入（读范文）,教学安排,约2/3时间：独立写作 约1/3时间：综合写作见：教学安排,Independent Writing Task,You will have 30 minutes to write an essay of at least 300 words in response to the fo
3、llowing kinds of questions:Agree/disagree Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?Preference - Some people say X. Others believe Y. which opinion do you agree with? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. - Some people do X. Others people do Y. which do you think is b
4、etter? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.,Integrated Writing Task,Read - You will read a short text of about 230-300 words on an academic topic for 3 minutes. You may take notes on the reading passage. Listen - After reading the text, you will listen to a lecture discussing t
5、he same topic from a different perspective for about 2 minutes. You may take notes on the lecture. Write - You will have 20 minutes to write a 150-225-word summary in response to the following kinds of questions:,Casting Doubt - Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how the
6、y cast doubt on specific points made in the reading passage. - Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they challenges specific claims/arguments made in the reading passage. Problem-Solution - Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to specifically explain ho
7、w they answer the problems raised in the reading passage.,Scoring criteria for independent writing,- Effectively responds to the topic and task by clearly stating an opinion and is easy to understand. - Well developed with clearly appropriate examples, reasons, and/or details.- Displays a good comma
8、nd of language, including a variety of sentence structures and well-suited choices of words and idioms to express ideas.,独立写作 Independent writing,表达支持自己观点的作文 要求： 1）确定一个主题思想，以及支持该主题思想的重要观点。 2）计划如何组织作文（提纲）。 3）利用推论、例证和细节展开论述。 4）使用有条理的方式表达信息。 5）利用有效的连接词来连接观点，帮助读者理解作文脉络。 6）利用语法和词汇有效表达。 7）准确使用语法和词汇，恰当使用习惯
9、用语。 8）遵循拼写、标点和格式的惯例。,Scoring criteria for integrated writing,- well-organized summary of the lecture in connection with the reading. - Includes important points made in the lecture and appropriately explains how they are related to important in the reading. - Shows appropriate language structure and
10、 usage, with only occasional minor errors which do not interfere with conveying information and connections.,综合写作：Evaluation 评分两位资深评分员进行打分。1-5分。然后转化为0-30分之间的分数。考查能力： 1）有效组织观点的能力。 2）指出演讲和短文的某些联系的能力。 3）用恰当的实例和解释展开论点的能力。 4）把握和展开文章的完整性、连贯性的能力。 5）正确有效地使用英语语句的能力。,时间安排,Model Essay,What do you think are the merits of the following model essays?,Have a try,Do you agree with following statement? Television has negative effects on children. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.,
