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类型乔布斯_斯坦福演讲_《Stay_Foolish,_Stay_Hungry》演讲稿1.doc

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    乔布斯_斯坦福演讲_《Stay_Foolish _Stay_Hungry》演讲稿1.doc
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    1、I am honored to be with you today at your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. I never graduated from college. Truth be told, this is the closest Ive ever gotten to a college graduation. Today I want to tell you three stories from my life. Thats it. No big deal. Just three

    2、stories. The first story is about connecting the dots. I dropped out of Reed College after the first 6 months, but then stayed around as a drop-in for another 18 months or so before I really quit. So why did I drop out? It started before I was born. My biological mother was a young, unwed college gr

    3、aduate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption. She felt very strongly that I should be adopted by college graduates, so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife. Except that when I popped out they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a g

    4、irl. So my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night asking: We have an unexpected baby boy; do you want him? They said: Of course. My biological mother later found out that my mother had never graduated from college and that my father had never graduated from high s

    5、chool. She refused to sign the final adoption papers. She only relented a few months later when my parents promised that I would someday go to college. And 17 years later I did go to college. But I naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stanford, and all of my working-class parents

    6、savings were being spent on my college tuition. After six months, I couldnt see the value in it. I had no idea what I wanted to do with my life and no idea how college was going to help me figure it out. And here I was spending all of the money my parents had saved their entire life. So I decided to

    7、 drop out and trust that it would all work out OK. It was pretty scary at the time, but looking back it was one of the best decisions I ever made. The minute I dropped out I could stop taking the required classes that didnt interest me, and begin dropping in on the ones that looked interesting. It w

    8、asnt all romantic. I didnt have a dorm room, so I slept on the floor in friends rooms, I returned coke bottles for the 5 deposits to buy food with, and I would walk the 7 miles across town every Sunday night to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna temple. I loved it. And much of what I stumb

    9、led into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on. Let me give you one example: Reed College at that time offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country. Throughout the campus every poster, every label on every drawer, was beautifully hand calligra

    10、phed. Because I had dropped out and didnt have to take the normal classes, I decided to take a calligraphy class to learn how to do this. I learned about serif and san serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography great. I

    11、t was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way that science cant capture, and I found it fascinating. None of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life. But ten years later, when we were designing the first Macintosh computer, it all came back to me. And we designed it

    12、all into the Mac. It was the first computer with beautiful typography. If I had never dropped in on that single course in college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts. And since Windows just copied the Mac, its likely that no personal computer would have th

    13、em. If I had never dropped out, I would have never dropped in on this calligraphy class, and personal computers might not have the wonderful typography that they do. Of course it was impossible to connect the dots looking forward when I was in college. But it was very, very clear looking backwards t

    14、en years later. Again, you cant connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. You have to trust in something your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever. This approach has never let me down, and it

    15、has made all the difference in my life. My second story is about love and loss. I was lucky I found what I loved to do early in life. Woz and I started Apple in my parents garage when I was 20. We worked hard, and in 10 years Apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage into a $2 billion comp

    16、any with over 4000 employees. We had just released our finest creation the Macintosh a year earlier, and I had just turned 30. And then I got fired. How can you get fired from a company you started? Well, as Apple grew we hired someone who I thought was very talented to run the company with me, and

    17、for the first year or so things went well. But then our visions of the future began to diverge and eventually we had a falling out. When we did, our Board of Directors sided with him. So at 30 I was out. And very publicly out. What had been the focus of my entire adult life was gone, and it was deva

    18、stating. I really didnt know what to do for a few months. I felt that I had let the previous generation of entrepreneurs down that I had dropped the baton as it was being passed to me. I met with David Packard and Bob Noyce and tried to apologize for screwing up so badly. I was a very public failure

    19、, and I even thought about running away from the valley. But something slowly began to dawn on me I still loved what I did. The turn of events at Apple had not changed that one bit. I had been rejected, but I was still in love. And so I decided to start over. I didnt see it then, but it turned out t

    20、hat getting fired from Apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me. The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life. During the next five years, I

    21、started a company named NeXT, another company named Pixar, and fell in love with an amazing woman who would become my wife. Pixar went on to create the worlds first computer animated feature film, Toy Story, and is now the most successful animation studio in the world. In a remarkable turn of events

    22、, Apple bought NeXT, I returned to Apple, and the technology we developed at NeXT is at the heart of Apples current renaissance. And Laurene and I have a wonderful family together. Im pretty sure none of this would have happened if I hadnt been fired from Apple. It was awful tasting medicine, but I

    23、guess the patient needed it. Sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick. Dont lose faith. Im convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did. Youve got to find what you love. And that is as true for your work as it is for your lovers. Your work is going to fill a l

    24、arge part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work. And the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you havent found it yet, keep looking. Dont settle. As with all matters of the heart, youll know when you find it. And, like any great

    25、relationship, it just gets better and better as the years roll on. So keep looking until you find it. Dont settle. My third story is about death. When I was 17, I read a quote that went something like: If you live each day as if it was your last, someday youll most certainly be right. It made an imp

    26、ression on me, and since then, for the past 33 years, I have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself: If today were the last day of my life, would I want to do what I am about to do today? And whenever the answer has been No for too many days in a row, I know I need to change something.

    27、Remembering that Ill be dead soon is the most important tool Ive ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life. Because almost everything all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly

    28、 important. Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You are already naked. There is no reason not to follow your heart. About a year ago I was diagnosed with cancer. I had a scan at 7:30 in the morning, and it clearly sho

    29、wed a tumor on my pancreas. I didnt even know what a pancreas was. The doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer that is incurable, and that I should expect to live no longer than three to six months. My doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order, which is doctors code

    30、 for prepare to die. It means to try to tell your kids everything you thought youd have the next 10 years to tell them in just a few months. It means to make sure everything is buttoned up so that it will be as easy as possible for your family. It means to say your goodbyes. I lived with that diagno

    31、sis all day. Later that evening I had a biopsy, where they stuck an endoscope down my throat, through my stomach and into my intestines, put a needle into my pancreas and got a few cells from the tumor. I was sedated, but my wife, who was there, told me that when they viewed the cells under a micros

    32、cope the doctors started crying because it turned out to be a very rare form of pancreatic cancer that is curable with surgery. I had the surgery and Im fine now. This was the closest Ive been to facing death, and I hope its the closest I get for a few more decades. Having lived through it, I can no

    33、w say this to you with a bit more certainty than when death was a useful but purely intellectual concept: No one wants to die. Even people who want to go to heaven dont want to die to get there. And yet death is the destination we all share. No one has ever escaped it. And that is as it should be, b

    34、ecause Death is very likely the single best invention of Life. It is Lifes change agent. It clears out the old to make way for the new. Right now the new is you, but someday not too long from now, you will gradually become the old and be cleared away. Sorry to be so dramatic, but it is quite true. Y

    35、our time is limited, so dont waste it living someone elses life. Dont be trapped by dogma which is living with the results of other peoples thinking. Dont let the noise of others opinions drown out your own inner voice. And most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They so

    36、mehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is secondary. When I was young, there was an amazing publication called The Whole Earth Catalog, which was one of the bibles of my generation. It was created by a fellow named Stewart Brand not far from here in Menlo Park, and he brou

    37、ght it to life with his poetic touch. This was in the late 1960s, before personal computers and desktop publishing, so it was all made with typewriters, scissors, and Polaroid cameras. It was sort of like Google in paperback form, 35 years before Google came along: it was idealistic, and overflowing

    38、 with neat tools and great notions. Stewart and his team put out several issues of The Whole Earth Catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. It was the mid-1970s, and I was your age. On the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country r

    39、oad, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. Beneath it were the words: Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish. It was their farewell message as they signed off. Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish. And I have always wished that for myself. And now, as you graduate to begin anew, I wish

    40、 that for you. Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish. Thank you all very much. 苹果公司总裁斯蒂夫.乔布斯(Steve Jobs)在 2005 年 6 月 12 日对全体史丹佛大学毕业生的演讲: 今天,我非常荣幸来到各位在世界上最好的学校之一的毕业典礼上。我从来没大学毕业。说实话,这是我离大学毕业最近的一刻。今天,我只说三个故事,不谈大道理,三-个故事就好。 第一个故事,是关于人生的点滴怎么串连在一起。 我在里德学院(Reed college)待了六个月就办休学了。到我退学前,一共休学了十八个月。那么,我为什么休学?这得从我出生前讲起。我的

    41、亲生母亲当时是个研究生,年轻未婚妈妈-,她决定让别人收养我。她强烈觉得应该让有大学毕业的人收养我,所以我出生时,她就准备让我被一对律师夫妇收养。但是这对夫妻到了最后一刻反悔了,他们想收养女-孩。所以在等待收养名单上的下一对夫妻,我的养父母,在那一天半夜里接到一通电话,问他们有一名未预料到的男孩出生,你们要认养他吗?而他们的回答是当然-要。后来,我的生母发现,我现在的妈妈从来没有大学毕业,我现在的爸爸则连高中毕业也没有。她拒绝在认养文件上做最后签字。直到几个月后,我的养父母同意将来-一定会让我上大学,她才改变态度。 十七年后,我上大学了。但是当时我无知选了一所学费几乎跟史丹佛一样贵的大学,我那工

    42、人阶级的父母所有积蓄都花在我的学费上。六个月后,我看不出念这个书的价值-何在。那时候,我不知道这辈子要干什么,也不知道念大学能对我有什么帮助,而且我为了念这个书,花光了我父母这辈子的所有积蓄,所以我决定休学,相信船到桥头自-然直。当时这个决定看来相当可怕,可是现在看来,那是我这辈子做过最好的决定之一。当我休学之后,我再也不用上我没兴趣的必修课,把时间拿去听那些我有兴趣的课-。 这一点也不浪漫。我没有宿舍,所以我睡在友人家里的地板上,靠着回收可乐空罐的五分钱退费买吃的,每个星期天晚上得走七哩的路绕过大半个镇去印度教的 Hare Krishna 神庙吃顿好饭。我喜欢那顿好饭。追寻我的好奇与直觉,我

    43、所驻足的大部分事物,后来看来都成了无价之宝。举例来说:当时里德学院有着大概是全国最好-的书法。在整个校园内的每一张海报上,每个抽屉的标签上,都是美丽的手写字。因为我休学了,可以不照正常选课程序来,所以我跑去学书法。我学了 Serif 与 san serif 字体,学到在不同字母组合间变更字间距,学到活版印刷伟大的地方。书法的美好、历史感与艺术感是科学所无法捕捉的,我觉得那很迷人。 我没预期过学的这些东西能在我生活中起些什么实际作用,不过十年后,当我们在设计第一台麦金塔 (Macintosh) 电脑时,我想起了所有当时学的东西,所以把这些东西都设计进了 Mac机里,这是第一台能印刷出漂亮字体的计

    44、算机。如果我没沉溺于那样一门课里,Mac 机可能就不-会有多重字体跟变间距字体了。又因为视窗系统(Windows)抄袭了麦金塔的使用方式,如果当年我没这样做,大概世界上所有的个人计算机都不会有这些东西,印-不出现在我们看到的漂亮的字体来了。当然,当我还在大学里时,不可能把这些点点滴滴预先串在一起,但是这在十年后回顾,就显得非常清楚。 我再说一次,你不能预先把点点滴滴串在一起;唯有未来回顾时,你才会明白那些点点滴滴是如何串在一起的。所以你得相信,你现在所体会的东西,将来多少会连接在一-块。你得信任某个东西,直觉也好,命运也好,生命也好,或者因缘什么的 (karma)。这种作法从来没让我失望,也让

    45、我的人生整个不同起来。 我的第二个故事,有关爱与失落。 我好运年轻时就发现自己爱做什么事。我二十岁时,跟 Steve Wozniak 在我爸妈的车库里开始了苹果计算机的事业。我们拼命工作,苹果计算机在十年间从一间车库里的两个小伙子扩展成了一家员工超过四千人、市价二十亿美-金的公司,在那之前一年推出了我们最棒的作品麦金塔,而我才刚迈入人生的第三十个年头,然后被炒鱿鱼。怎么会让自己创办的公司炒自己鱿鱼?好吧,当苹果计算机-成长后,我请了一个我以为他在经营公司上很有才干的家伙来,他在头一年也确实干得不错。可是后来我们对未来的看法开始有分歧,最后只好分道扬镳。当这发生时,董-事会站在他那边,炒了我鱿鱼

    46、,公开把我请了出去。曾经是我整个成年生活重心的东西不见了,令我不知所措。有几个月,我实在不知道要干什么好。我觉得我令企业界的-前辈们失望-我把他们交给我的接力棒弄丢了。我见了创办惠普( HP)的 David Packard 跟创英特尔(Intel)的 Bob Noyce,跟他们说我很抱歉把事情搞砸得很厉害了。我成了公众非常的负面示范,我甚至想要离开硅谷。但是渐渐的,我发现,我还是喜爱着我做过的事情,在苹果的-日子经历的事件没有丝毫改变我爱做的事。我被否定了,可是我还是爱做那些事情,所以我决定从头来过。 当时我没发现,但是现在看来,被苹果计算机开除,是我所经历过最好的事情。成功的沉重包袱被从头再

    47、来的轻装上阵所取代,每件事情都不那么确定,让我自由进入这辈-子最有创意的时期。 接下来五年,我开了一家叫做 NeXT 的公司,又开一家叫 Pixar 的公司,并和一位令人神魂颠倒的女士坠入爱河,她后来成了我的妻子。Pixar 接着制作了世界-上第一部全计算机动画电影,玩具总动员,现在是世界上最成功的动画制作公司。然后,苹果计算机买下了 NeXT,我回到了苹果,我们在 NeXT 发展的技术成了苹果 -计算机后来复兴的核心。劳伦和我也有了个美妙的家庭。 我很确定,如果当年苹果计算机没开除我,所有这些事就不会发生。这帖药很苦口,但我想病人需要它。有时候,人生中会遇到当头一棒,不要丧失信心。我确信,我

    48、爱我-所做的事情,这就是这些年来让我继续走下去的唯一理由。你得找出你爱的,工作上是如此,对情人也是如此。你的工作将填满你的一大块人生,唯一获得真正满足的方法-就是做你相信是伟大的工作,而唯一做伟大工作的方法是爱你所做的事。如果你还没找到这些事,继续找,别停顿。尽你全心全力,你知道你一定会找到。而且,如同任何-伟大的关系,事情只会随着时间愈来愈好。所以,在你找到之前,继续找,别停顿。 我的第三个故事,关于死亡。 当我十七岁时,我读到一则格言,好像是如果把每一天都当成生命中的最后一天,总有一天你是对的。 这对我影响深远,在过去 33 年里,我每天早上都会照镜子,自-问:如果今天是此生最后一日,我今

    49、天要干些什么?每当我连续太多天都得到一个没事做的答案时,我就知道我须有所变革了。提醒自己快死了,是我在人生中-做重大决定时,所用过最重要的工具。因为几乎每件事所有外界期望、所有名誉、所有对困窘或失败的恐惧在面对死亡时,都消失了,只有最重要的东西才会留下。提-醒自己快死了,是我所知避免陷入担心失去什么陷阱里的最好方法。人生不带来,死不带去,没什么道理不顺心而为。 一年前,我被诊断出癌症。我在早上七点半作断层扫描,在胰脏清楚出现一个肿瘤,我连胰脏是什么都不知道。医生告诉我,那几乎可以确定是一种不治之症,我大概活不-到三到六个月了。医生建议我回家,把所有的事都安排妥当,这是医生对临终病人的标准建议。那代表你得试着在几个月内把你将来十年想跟小孩讲的话讲完。那代表你得-把每件事情搞定,尽量减轻家人的负担。那代表你得跟人说再见了。 我整天想着那个诊断结果,那天晚上做了一次切片,从喉咙伸入一个内视镜,从胃进肠子,插了根针进胰脏,取了一些肿瘤细胞出来。我打了镇静剂,不醒人事,但是我太-太在场。她后来跟我说,当医生们用显微镜看过那些细胞后,他们都哭了,因为那是非常少见的一种胰脏癌,可以用手术治好。所以我接受了手术,康复了。 这是

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