1、Lesson 1 A private conversation 私人谈话Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成get down to business 言归正传1、private 【adj】. 私人的1) 私人的 (personal)作定语修饰名词eg.a private conversation 私人谈话a prevate company 私人公司a private life 私生活a private school 私立学校a private secretary 私人秘书private affairs 私事如果妈妈想看你的信，你可以说 It
2、s my private letter. 如果陌生人想进你的房子，你可以说 Its my private house.eg:That is for your private ear. 这是说给你一个人的秘密。2) 秘密的 (secret)a private place 一个秘密的地方 a secret place 一个秘密的地方3) adj. 普通的private citizen 普通公民 eg.Im a private citizen. private soldier 大兵 Private Ryan （拯救大兵瑞恩 ）2、conversation【n】 谈话talk,say,speak,ch
3、at,discuss,gossip，dialogueconversation n. 非正式谈话(an informal talk)一般用于正式文体中，内容上往往不正式have a conversation with sb. 与某人谈话eg. I had a quiet conversation with my closest friend. 我和我最好的朋友进行密谈。eg. I saw him in conversation with a friend. 我看见他在跟朋友谈话。eg. No conversation while Im talking. 我讲话的时候不要说话。converse v
4、.（不及物动词）converse with sb. 跟某人谈话talk n./v. 内容可正式可不正式, 也可以私人talk with/to sb. 和谁谈话talk with/to sb about sth. 跟某人谈论某事say vt. 说 （说的内容，说的话）say sth. 说了一些话eg. He said nothing. 他什么也没说。eg. “What a lovely day!“ he said. 他说：“天气多好啊！”speak 【vt】. 讲（语言），说一门语言speak a foreign language 讲一门外语speak Chinese/ English 讲中文/
5、英语【vi】 说话，谈话，和谁谈话speak to sb.和谁谈话【n】speech 讲话，谈话make a speech 做演讲chat n/v 闲聊，就是北京人说的“侃” ，说的是无关紧要的事(talk friendly)eg:We had a long chat about old times. 我们聊了好多过去的事情。discuss v.有严肃目的的讨论discussion n. 讨论gossip v./n. refers to talk about private lives of other people (贬义) 说闲话，嚼舌头eg. He is nothing bu a gos
6、sip. （名词）他就是一个爱嚼舌头的人。dialogue 对话, 可以指正式国家与国家会谈 Eg.China and Korea are having a dialogue.3、theatre n. (in US:theater) 剧院metre meter (in US) 米centre center (in US) 中心go to the theatre 去看戏go to the movies 去看电影=go to the cinema=go the the filmtheatre = (口) play housetheatre goer 戏迷= play goer4、seat【n】座位
7、区别：seat n./vt. si:tsit vi. sitchair 椅子，指可以搬动的eg. We dont have enough chairs here. 我们没有足够的椅子。seat 固定在某地的座位，指 placeeg. Is this seat taken? 这儿有人坐了吗？1)【n】 座位，座eg. Have a seat, please. 请坐=Take a seat, please.eg. I had a very good seat.我的座位非常好=Maybe I sat in the front of the theatre. 也许我坐在戏院的前面。seatbelt =
8、 safety belt 安全带in the drivers seat =in the leaders seat=in the leaders place 在领导的位置上，重要地位back-seat driver 爱指手画脚的人2) 【n】. 席位win a seat 赢得席位lose a seat 输掉席位3) vt. 安排坐下seat sb. 安排某人坐下You seat him.你给他找个位置seat yourself 安排你坐下eg. Be seated, please. 请坐！表请坐的方式：eg. Sit down, please.Take your seat,please.(命令性
9、)Will you have a seat?Wont you have a seat?（礼貌）Would you have a seat?Be seated, please.Seat yourself, please.（更礼貌）5、play【n】戏1) n. 玩耍，游戏，娱乐playboy 花花公子 playground 操场2) v. 玩，玩耍（慎用）play with sb. 跟谁玩；玩弄某人play with sth. 玩什么东西，摆弄什么东西play with a ball 玩弄一个球play with a toy 玩弄一个玩具play gooseberry(醋栗)：当电灯泡3) 玩，
10、比赛 play football 踢足球运动项目前不加“the”play the guitar 弹吉他乐器前加“the”4) n. 戏剧，剧本theatre play 在戏剧上演的剧 TV play 电视剧soap play 肥皂剧 play goer 戏迷eg. It is as good as a play. 好玩极了。eg. You must come here, or, there is no play. 你必须来这儿，否则就没戏了。no play 没戏了 区别：play 戏剧，剧本drama 戏，戏剧文学，戏剧艺术（更加严谨，正式）opera 歌剧 Beijing opera 京剧6
11、、loud 【adj】. 大声的loudly adv. 大声地aloud adv. 大声地eg. She called loudly for help. 她大声地求救。=She called aloud for help.think aloud 自言自语adj. + ly adv.angry adj. angrily adv.rude adj. rudely adv.eg. The young man said rudely.real adj. really adv.exact adj. exactly adv.quick adj. quickly adv.quiet adj. quietly
12、 adv.7、attention 【n】. 注意pay attention to sth. 对表示注意pay some attention to sth. 给予一定的注意pay more attention to sth. 给予更多的注意pay close attention to sth. 给予密切的注意pay great attention to sth. 给予极大的注意pay enough attention to sth. 给予足够的注意pay little attention to sth. 很少注意pay no attention to sth. 根本不注意/毫不理会turn a
13、blind eye to sth. 视而不见turn a deaf ear to sth. 充耳不闻draw ones attention 吸引注意力=attract ones attentioneg. The new type of computer draws our attention. 新款计算机吸引了我们的注意力。eg. Attention, please. 请注意。eg. Attention, passengers. The plane leaves at 9 oclock. 乘客们请注意，飞机在 9 点钟起飞。eg. Ladies and gentlemen, may I get
14、 your attention, please. 女士们先生们请注意！（非常客气）eg. Thats all. Thank you for your attention. （演讲结束）感谢您听我讲这些。=Thats all. Thank you for your time.pay attention: 从思想上注意、在意，如交通安全应注意. notice: 眼睛上注意(=see 眼睛看)7.angry adj. 生气的8.angrily adv. 生气地angry =cross I was angry. /He was cross.annoyed 恼火的 blue in the face 脸上
15、突然变色程 I was annoyed. 度 I was angry/cross.加 I was very angry.深 I am blue in the face. (脸色都青了, 相当生气了)9、bear(bore, born) v. 容忍1) n. 熊，粗鲁蛮横的人eg. Hes really a bear. 他真是个粗鲁的家伙。a bear market 熊市（股票下迭的行情）a blull market 牛市（股票上升的行情）a bear hug 紧紧地拥抱eg. The old lady saw me and came and gave me a bear hug.那个老太太看见
16、我过来给我一个大大拥抱 give sb. a bear hug 给某人一个大大的拥抱成语 bears service 帮倒忙/好心做错事2) v. 忍受（stand, put up with sb.）（一般与 can/could 连用于疑问句及否定句中）endure:忍受,容忍 bear/stand/endure 忍受的极限在加大 bear 忍受=stand=suffer 遭受,忍受 (精神或肉体上)痛苦，suffer 后面必须加一种痛苦I suffer the headache.（肉体上的痛苦）He often suffers defeat.（精神上的痛苦）（defeat 失败）eg. I
17、cant bear the young man and the young woman behind me.eg. I cant bear it anymore. 我再也受不了了。eg. I cant bear the rude fellow. 我无法容忍这粗鲁的家伙=I cant bear the bear.eg. I cant bear to be laughed at. 我无法容忍被嘲笑。bearable adj.可忍受的，经得住的eg. The climate is bearable. 这个气候还是可以忍受的。eg. The pain is bearable. 这疼痛是可以忍受的。un
18、bearable adj. 难以忍受的，不能忍受的eg. I find his rudeness unbearable. 我发现他的粗鲁让人难以忍受。unbearably adv. unbearably hot 热的无法忍受unbearably selfish 自私得让人无法忍受vt. 承受，支撑，承担，负担Can the ice bear my weight? Who will bear the cost? 谁来承担这笔费用？9、business n.1) 贸易，商业，买卖(trade, commerce, buying and selling)a business man 商人 a bus
19、iness woman 女商人be on business 出差 do business 做生意business hours （商店的）营业时间do good business 生意做得好eg. How is your business? 生意怎么样？Half and half. 还行吧/一般=Just so so. =Its OK.=As usual.=Not to bad.=Great. 非常好.=Couldnt be better. 好的不能再好了。 2) 事情，事物(matter, affair)某人自己的私事eg. Lets get down to business.=Lets ge
20、t to business.=Lets come to business. 让我们言归正传。eg. Its none of your business. 不关你的事。Mind your own business. 管好你自己的事就行了。The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain:Tom sawyer: Whats your name?(不友好)The boy: Its none of your business!Tom sawyer: Ill make it my business. 我就让它成为我的事/我偏问不可。The boy: You are a
21、 liar. 你这个大骗子。Tom sawyer: You are another. 你是另一个The boy: Get away from here. 从这儿给我滚开。Tom sawyer: Get away yourself. 你才滚呢。The boy: I wont. 我不滚。Tom sawyer: I wont either. 我也不滚。区别：thing/ business/ affair/ matterthing 任何的事情，事务business 强调职责，责任（自己的私事）affair 强调发生过的或将要发生的事（具体）foreign affairs 外交事务public affa
22、irs 公共事务matter 被考虑，被处理的事（问题）eg. Whats the matter with you? 你怎么了？10、rudely adv. 粗鲁地 rude adj. 粗鲁的反义词：polite adj. 客气的，礼貌的rudely adj. rudeness n. 粗鲁Lesson 2 Breakfast or lunch? 早餐还是午餐？1.until prep. 在以前；到为止1) prep. 直到时候 till 直到（多用于口语）eg. I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime.我有时到吃午饭前一直躺在床上。eg. The str
23、eet is full of cars from morning till/to night 这条街上从早到晚地挤满了车辆。2) conj. 直到时候（后接句子）wake sb up 唤醒某人eg. I stayed（延续性动词） in bed until he woke me up.直到他叫醒我我一直躺在床上。eg. I didnt get upuntil he woke me up.直到他叫醒我我一直躺在床上。until 主句中动词为延续性动词not until 主句中动词为非延续性动词until 用于表示动作、状态等的持续，可译为“一直到为止”或“在以前”。在肯定句中，它与表示持续性状态
24、的动词连用，表示持续到某一时刻：eg. I will wait for you until you come back. (wait 是延续性动词)我会一直等到你回来。= I wont leave until you come back.在你回来前我不会离开 在否定句中，它通常与描述短暂动作的动词连用，表示“到为止” 、 “直到才”：until（后的从句）的时间终止之前,这个动作做了还是没做？做了前面的主句用肯定；没做前面的主句用否定 eg.We stayed until the rain stopped.我们一直呆到雨停了。= We didnt start until the rain st
25、opped. 我们等到雨停了才开始雨停之前我们并未开始2.outside 【adv】. 外面1）n. 外面eg. the outside of the house.房子的外面2) adj. 户外的eg. an outside toilet.户外的厕所eg. ouside help 外来的帮助3) adv. 外面eg. It was dark outside. 外面很黑。eg. Please wait outside. 请在外面等。eg. Dont go outside because its too cold. 不要出去，因为外面很冷。4）prep. 在之外eg. Its outside my
26、 business. 这不关我的事.反义词：inside n./adj./adv./prep 里面3.ring( rang rung) （铃，电话等）响1) n. 环状物，（尤指）戒指a wedding ring 结婚戒指 a gold ring 金戒指a diamond ring 钻石戒指dark rings around her eyes 黑眼圈ring-road 环状公路大姆指：thumb (b 不发音)食指：index finger; the first finger; pointer中指：middle finger; the second finger无名指：ring finger;
27、 the third finger小拇指：little finger; pinkiehave a ring on the middle finger 订婚have a ring on the third finger 已婚2) v. （铃，电话等）响(这种响是刺耳的, 往往是提醒人做某事)eg. The door bell rang just now 刚刚门铃响了。eg. I rang the bell. 我按响了门铃。3） v. (u.s.：call ) 打电话ring sb (up) 给打电话=call sb (up)phone sb.=telephone sb. give sb. a p
28、hone calleg. Ill ring you later. 我会迟些给你打电话.ring off: put down the receiver; hang offeg. He rang off before I could explain. 我还没有解释他就挂断电话了。4.aunt n. 姑，姨，婶，舅母 （所有长一辈的女性都用这个称呼）uncle n. 叔叔，舅舅，姨夫，姑父brother 哥，弟 sister 姐，妹nephew 侄子，外甥 niece 侄女，外甥女cousin 堂（表）兄弟姐妹eg. a country cousin （贬）乡下人，乡巴佬5.repeat v 重复. vt. 重复 Will you repeat the last word? vi. 重做，重说 Please repeat after me.(say or write again, more than once) 重复说或写某事物，反复重申eg. I repeated the question several times. 这个问题我重复好几遍了。eg. Am I repeating myself? 我以前说过这件事吗？repetition n. 重复、反复，重说，重写learn by repetition 通过反复学习
