1、定语从句,功能 ：修饰名词或代词。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 种类：限定性定语从句，非限定性定语从句 。 引导定语从句的关系代词：who, whom, whose; that, which, as关系副词：when, where, why 解题思路：划清主从句；找准先行词；分析从句中缺少的句子成分。 注：主句从句的成分必须完整；关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。关系副词做状语。,1.who, whom先行词是“人” whose 先行词是“人”或“物”。分别作主语；宾语；定语This is the man _ helped me.This is the man _you helped.Do
2、you know the man _ name is Pearson?I live in a room _ window faces south. 注：Anyone who comes first will get a prize.Those who are for the plan please sign your names here.,2. which: 先行词是物，在从句中作主语宾语This is the book _ youre looking for.The building _ is being built will be a library. 3. that: 先行词是人或物，
3、在从句中作主语宾语或表语。The lady _came to our school is from America.The book _ I just read is very interesting.She is not the lovely girl _ she used to be.,4.以下情况只用that 不用which (1)anything,nothing,all, any, little, much,few等作先行词。 (2)先行词被all, much, little, every, no, any等词修饰时,用that (3)先行词被the only, the very ,j
4、ust the修饰 (4)先行词是或被形容词最高级，或序数词修饰。 (5)先行词既有人又有物时。,1. Is there I can do for you?,which,2. I have read the novels were written by Jing Yong.,that,先行词被all, much, little, every, no, any等词修饰时,用that 。,先行词是all, much, little, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时,用that。,which,that,all,anything,4
5、. What is American film you have seen?,5.That is book he is looking for.,先行词前有the only, the very, just the等修饰时,用that 。,先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时,用that。,the first,the very,当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时, 只能使用that。,3.This is wonderful time I have ever had.,the most,which,that,which,that,which,that,6. Do you know the things and
6、 persons which they are talking about?,1). Is this the house in that Shakespeare was born?,2). She heard a terrible noise, that brought her heart into her mouth.,that,which,which,当先行词既有人又有物, 用that。,关系代词前有介词时, 用which。,在非限制性定语从句中, 用which, 不用that。,5. as 引导限定性定语从句，仅限于以下结构：suchas; the same as; “as”在从句中作成
7、分：主语，宾语，表语 Eg: They hope to get such tools as youre using.This is the same bag as I lost yesterday. 注意： A: He is such a good student _ all the teachers like him. B: He is such a good student _all the teachers like. A: This is the same bag as I lost yesterday. ：This is the same bag that I lost yester
8、day.,that,as,6. 非限定性定语从句：（注：通常和主句间用逗号隔开，不受主句句子结构的影响，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立）除了“that”以外，所有的关系代词和关系副词都可引导。非限定性定语从句翻译时要译成两个句子： I have a brother who is studying abroad. 我有一个在国外学习的弟弟。Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.查理史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。,7. as 引导非限定性定语从句，常见于以下结构：as is known to all, as we
9、 all know, as is said above, as everybody can see, as the saying goes, as you pointed out从句可以在主句之前、之后；as 同样要作句子成分（主语或宾语）但先行词往往是整个主句。,1. _ is known to all, his father is Li Gang.2. _ is known to all is that his father is Li Gang.3. _ is known to all that his father is Li Gang.,As,What,It,as引导非限制性定语从句
10、,代替整个主句。,what引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。,it 作形式主语，代替that引导的主语从句。,1. Fill in the blanks.,8.as 与which 引导非限定性定语从句的区别： He likes telling jokes in class, which makes his class very interesting. (这里的which= and this) 填空： He was late again, _ made his teacher angry. He was late again, _ is often the case. 小结：位置不同：which
11、 引导的从句只能在主句之后，as 前后皆可；意思不同：which译成“这” 而“as”译成 “正如，就像”,which,as,9. When, where, why 在句中分别作“时间地点原因”状语，先行词分别是“时间地点原因”。但是：可否说先行词是时间地点原因，就由”when, where, why”引导呢？ 对比： A: This is the place _ Lu Xun once lived. B: This is the place _ we visited last Sunday. A:Ill never forget the days _ we studied together.
12、 B:Ill never forget the days _ we spent together. A:The reason _ he came late is that he got up late. B:The reason _ he gave for his absence is untrue.,注意： 1.主从句的完整性：Is this the factory _ we visited?Is this the factory _ we worked?Is this factory _ your father works in?Is this factory _ your father
13、works ?that B. where C. the one D. which E./ F. the one that G. the one which H. the one where,2.定语从句的谓语与先行词一致： (1) I, who _ your teacher, will help you. (2) Those who _ to take part in the sports, please put up your hands. (3) She is one of the women writers who _ novels for children. (4) She is th
14、e only one of the women writers who _ novels for children.,3. 先行词是the wayI dont like the way he talks/that he talks/in which he talks.I dont like the way _ you suggest.,考点：介词+关系词,1. Do you know the boy _ _ your mother is speaking? 2. He gave me some books _ _ I am not very familiar.3. I still rememb
15、er the day _ _ I first met Jay Chou.,to whom,with which,on which,介词与定语从句所修饰的先行词要形成搭配。,介词与定语从句中的谓语部分要形成搭配。,speak to sb,be familiar with sth,on the day,This is the child whom I am . ( ),4. Right or wrong?,如果介词提前使从句中动词短语的意义发生改变，则介词不能提前。,This is the child whom I am . ( ),after,looking,looking after,10.
16、“介词+ which /whom” “名词/代词/数词+ of +which/ whom” 引导的定语从句 1）They talked about a movie，the name of which Ive never forgotten 2）In Sydney the Chinese team got 28 gold medals， 16 of which were won by women 3）China has thousands of islands，the largest of which is Taiwan 4）Chaplin went to the states in 1910，
17、by which time he had learnt to dance and act in comedies 5) He spoke of a pen-pal，the name of whom of whom the name / whose name Ive never forgotten,综合考查一：定语从句与强调句,难点: 综合考查,Where did you meet Mr Pan yesterday? It was in the Internet bar _ we often go _ I met him.,that,解析：,We met him in the Internet
18、bar,where,where we often go.,综合考查二：定语从句与同位语从句,We all have heard the news _ our team won. 2. We dont believe the news _ he told us yesterday.,that,(that/which),定语从句,同位语从句,综合考查三：定语从句与表语从句,The place _ the bridge is supposed to be built should be _ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. A. which; where B. at which; whichC. where; where D. where; in which,where,where,定语从句,表语从句,
