1、2015 全国高考英语汇编完形填空（完整解析版）（2015 安徽）In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one. The 36 is that countries around the world have growing mountains of 37 because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.How did we 38 a throwaway society? First of all, it
2、 is now easier to 39 an object than to spend time and money to repair it. 40 modern manufacturing (制造业) and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and 41 . Another cause is our 42 of disposable (一次性的) products. As 43 people, we are always
3、 looking for 44 to save time and make our lives easier. Companies 45 thousands of different kinds of disposable products: paper plates, plastic cups, and cameras, to name a few.Our appetite for new products also 46 to the problem. We are 47 buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that 48 is be
4、tter and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we 49 useful possessions to make room for new ones.All around the world, we can see the 50 of this throwaway lifestyle. Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger. To 51 the amount of rubbish and to protect the 52 , mor
5、e governments are requiring people to recycle materials. 53 , this is not enough to solve (解决 ) our problem.Maybe there is another way out. We need to repair our possessions 54 throwing them away. We also need to rethink our attitudes about 55 . Repairing our possessions and changing our spending ha
6、bits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.36. A. key B. reason C. project D. problem37. A. gifts B. rubbish C. debt D. products38. A. face B. become C. observe D. change39. A. hide B. control C. replace D. withdraw40. A. Thanks to B. As to C. Except fo
7、r D. Regardless of41. A. safe B. funny C. cheap D. powerful42. A. love B. lack C. prevention D. division43. A. sensitive B. kind C. brave D. busy44. A. ways B. places C. jobs D. friends45. A. donate B. receive C. produce D. preserve46. A. adapts B. returns C. responds D. contributes47. A. tired of B
8、. addicted to C. worried about D. ashamed for48. A. newer B. stronger C. higher D. larger49. A. pick up B. pay for C. hold onto D. throw away50. A. advantages B. purposes C. functions D. consequences51. A. show B. record C. decrease D. measure52. A. technology B. environment C. consumers D. brands53
9、. A. However B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. Meanwhile54. A. by B. in favour of C. after D. instead of55. A. spending B. collecting C. repairing D. Advertising【解析】试题分析：文章主要讲的是堆积如山的垃圾给环境带来的威胁。随着社会的发展，人们倾向于扔掉用旧物，用新物品取而代之。包装盒等一次性产品给人们带来方便的同时，也给环境带来很大的压力。36. D 考查名词辨析。A 答案；B 原因；C 项目；D 问题。根据第二行“the world.”可知
10、，出现的问题是垃圾堆积如山，故选 D。37. B 考查名词辨析。A 礼物； B 垃圾；C 债务；D 产品。句意：因为人们现在扔掉很多垃圾，因此，垃圾堆积成了山，故选 B。38. B 考查动词辨析。句意：A 面对；B 变得；C 观察，庆祝；D 改变。根据“first of all.”可知，这里讲的是乱扔垃圾的原因，故选 B。39. C 考查动词辨析。A 躲藏； B 控制；C 代替；D 撤退，收回。句意：与花时间和钱修理相比，现在更容易更换物品，故选 C。40. A 考查短语辨析。A 多亏； B 至于；C 除了；D 不管。句意：多亏了当代制造业和技术，公司能够更快地生产产品，成本也降低很多，故选
11、A。41. C 考查形容词辨析。A 安全的；B 滑稽的；C 便宜的； D 强有力的。根据“inexpensively”可知，成本降低的话，产品价格相对也会降低，故选 C。42. A 考查名词辨析。A 爱；B 缺少；C 阻止；D 划分。句意：另一个原因是人们对一次性产品的钟爱，故选 A。43. D 考查形容词辨析。A 敏感的；B 友好的；C 勇敢的； D 忙碌的。根据“we are aways looking for.”可知，人们总是在节省时间，说明人们很忙碌，故选 D。44. A 考查名词辨析。A 方法；B 地方；C 工作；D 朋友。a way to do sth 做某事的方法，是固定搭配，故
12、选 A。45. C 考查动词辨析。A 捐赠；B 收到；C 生产；D 保存。句意：企业生产大量的一次性产品，故选 C。46. D 考查动词辨析。A 适应，改编；B 返回；C 回应；D 做贡献。adapt to 适应；return to 返回，归还；respond to反应；contribute to 为做贡献，促成，有助于。句意：人们对新产品的欲望促成了这一问题，故选 D。47. B 考查短语辨析。A 厌倦；B 沉迷于；C 担心；D 感到羞耻。根据“appetite”可知，人们痴迷于购买新产品，故选 B。48. A 考查形容词比较级。A 更新的；B 更强壮的；C 更高的； D 更大的。句意：广告
13、使人们相信新的更好，故选A。49. D 考查动词短语。A 捡起，学会，车接； B 支付；C 抓住，坚持；D 扔掉。句意：人们扔掉自己的物品来为新的腾地方，故选 D。50. D 考查名词辨析。A 有点，有利条件； B 目的；C 功能，作用；D 后果。根据下句可知，这里指的是乱扔垃圾的后果，故选 D。51. C 考查动词辨析。A 显示，展示； B 记录；C 减少；D 测量。句意：越来越多的政府要求人们循环使用物品，这样做是为了减少垃圾，故选 C。52. B 名词辨析。A 技术；B 环境；C 消费者；D 品牌。要求人们循环利用也是为了保护环境，故选 B。53. A 考查副词辨析。A 然而； B 要不
14、然；C 因此；D 同时。句意：然而，只是要求人们循环利用是远远不够的，故选 A。54. D 考查介词辨析。A 通过； B 支持；C 在之后；D 代替，而不是。句意：我们需要修理我们的财物，而不是扔掉它们，故选 D。55. C 考查动词辨析。A 花费，度过； B 收集；C 修理；D 宣传。句意：我们也需要重新考虑对修理的态度，根据下句“repairing.”可知答案，故选 C。【考点定位】社会类短文阅读【名师点睛】本篇是一篇比较贴近生活的文章，讲的是一次性产品给环境造成的压力。文章还建议人们养成循环利用的习惯，一以此来减少垃圾的产生并减轻环境的压力。主要考查名词、动词、形容词和副词的词义和辨析。
15、做题时需要联系前后句和上下文进解题，还要注意固定搭配。（2015 北京）A Welcome GiftDario and his mother loved their new apartment. The living room was large enough for their piano. That night, the two of them 36 side by side at the piano. They played jazz music to celebrate their new home. The loud 37 filled the room and made them
16、feel very happy.The next morning, 38 , their happiness disappeared. Someone had left a 39 under their door during the night. One of their neighbor had written to complain(抱怨) about the sound of the piano. Darios mother asked the building superintendent(管理员) if he knew anything about it. But he said
17、that they were all 40 people and he couldnt imagine any of them had done that. Later that morning, Dario suggested that they write a letter to their 41 and apologize for their playing.“Maybe we could go and 42 everyone in person.” his mother said.“What if we invited them to come here for a 43 instea
18、d? Dario asked.They both loved the 44 . Over the next few days, they sent out invitations and prepared desserts 45 their guests. They decorated the apartment with streamers(彩带) and party lights.Finally, the day of the party 46 . Some guests brought presents. Others brought flowers. Some even brought
19、 desserts to 47 . One woman, Mrs. Gilbert, 48 Darios mother with a book of piano music by Chopin.“I heard you playing the other night,” she said. “The sounds woke me out of bed. I 49 that you might play like this every night. So I wrote a short note. I hope you dont think I disliked the playing.”Dar
20、ios mother smiled at Mrs. Gilbert. “I think maybe we 50 you an apology.” she said. “I didnt 51 how late it was when we were playing. Maybe we should play some quieter music at night.“You play, you play!” Mrs. Gilbert said. “I like what you play! Just not so loud at night.” She pointed to the book sh
21、e had given them. “These songs are not such 52 music.”“These songs are beautiful music.” Darios mother said. “We will be 53 to play them in the evening.”“And we wont play so loud or late!” Dario said. He was already looking forward to 54 the new music. More than that, however, he was happy to see th
22、e big smile on his mothers face. It gave him a feeling of 55 and made him feel that they were home at last.36. A. sat B. stood C. lay D. walked37. A. voice B. ring C. music D. cry38. A. therefore B. however C. otherwise D. instead39. A. note B. poster C. bill D. report40. A. proud B. rich C. lucky D
23、. nice41. A. neighbors B. friendsC. relatives D. audience42. A. blame B. instruct C. question D. visit43. A. party B. concert C. show D. play44. A. experience B. idea C. performance D. action45. A. to B. with C. for D. from46. A. continued B. arrivedC. passed D. finished47. A. order B. sell C. share
24、 D. advertise48. A. treated B. presented C. helped D. served49. A. promised B. admitted C. agreed D. worried50. A. give B. send C. offer D. owe51. A. realize B. remember C. understand D. accept52. A. sweet B. strange C. funny D. loud53. A. brave B. sorry C. happy D. afraid54. A. changing B. practici
25、ng C. recording D. writing55. A. equality B. freedom C. warmth D. sympathy37. C 考查名词辨析。A. voice 声音；B. ring 铃声；C. music 音乐；D. cry 哭声。考查前文细节 jazzmusic 的原词复现，是音乐充满了房间。故选 C。38. B 考查副词辨析。A. therefore 因此，所以；B. however 然而；C. otherwise 否则；D. instead 代替。通过上一段的欢乐幸福气氛和下文的幸福一下子 disappeared 的强烈对比可知，本处需要一个逻辑关系为转折
26、的副词，故选B。39. A 考查名词辨析。A. note 笔记；B. poster 海报；C. bill 账单；D. report 报告。本题是一道同义词复现题，通过文章倒数第 5 段处得知，是由 Mrs.Gilbert 留了一张字条，故选 A。40. D 考查形容词辨析。A. proud 骄傲的，自豪的；B. rich 富裕的；C. lucky 幸运的；D. nice 美好的，愉快的。主人公想向管理员咨询，哪一位邻居可能是那位留言的抱怨者，由转折词 But 可知管理者也并不能指出，由此可知大家通常都是通情达理的，故选 D。41. A 考查名词辨析。A. neighbors 邻居们；B. fr
27、iends 朋友们；C. relatives 亲属，亲戚；D. audiences 听众。此题线索明显，全文都是围绕主人公和周围邻居展开的，故选 A。42. D 考查动词辨析。A. blame 归咎于，指责；B. instruct 通知，命令；C. question 询问，质问；D. visit 参观，拜访。由上文可知，母子两人对于扰民之事十分抱歉，想要去道歉，因此“指责”、“指导”和“质问”都不符合语境，故选 D。43. A 考查名词辨析。A. party 聚会；B. concert 音乐会； C. show 展览；D.play 游戏，比赛。此题为线索题且为原词复现，由后文可知母子为解决此事
28、办了一场派对，并邀请了邻居们，故选 A。44. B 考查名词辨析。A. experience 经历，经验；B. idea 主意；C. performance 表演；D. action 行为。此题可排除得知，母子打算办派对，这是一个打算，一个主意，而不是经历、表演表现或行为。故选 B。45. C 考查介词辨析。A. to 到；B. with 伴随着；for 为了；D. from 来自。母子办派对，准备了甜点是为了招待客人们，介词 for 有表 “为了”的含义，故选 C。B 考查动词辨析。A. continue 继续；B. arrive 到达；C. pass 通过；D. finish 完成。根据上
29、文，他们举办了一次聚会，准备许久，这一天终于到来了，故选 B。C 考查动词辨析。A. order 命令，点菜；B. sell 买；C. share 分享；D. advertise 做广告。根据本句话的意思：甚至有人带了甜点来分享，故选 C。48. B 考查动词辨析。A. treat 招待，治疗；B. present 呈现；C. help 帮助；D. serve 为服务。这道题有难度，根据本句话的意思：Mrs.Gilbert 送给了 Dario 的妈妈一本音乐书，能表达出“送”这个动作的，就是 present“呈现，给”，故选 B。49. D 考查动词辨析。A. promise 承诺；B. ad
30、mit 许可进入； C. agree 同意；D. serve 服务。根据题意，Mrs.Gilbert 之所以留了一张抱怨小纸条是担心每天晚上都会这么吵，故选 D。50. D 考查动词辨析。A. give 给；B. send 发送；C. offer 提供；D. owe 感激，欠债。这个空可以看作是固定搭配，owe sb. an apology 应该向某人道歉。故选 D。51. A 考查动词辨析。A. realize 意识到；B. remember 记起；C. understand 理解，懂的；D. accept 接受。Dario的妈妈道歉说：我也没意识到当时那么晚了我们还在弹钢琴。应该选择“意识
31、到”这个动词，故选 A。 试题 Net 中心*52. D 考查形容词辨析。A. sweet 甜的；B. strange 奇怪的，陌生的；C. funny 滑稽的；D. loud 声音大的，吵闹的。根据上一句：I like what you play! Just not so loud at night.说明 Mrs. Gilbert 不喜欢那么吵的音乐，因此她送了Dario 的妈妈一本比较安静的音乐书，也就是不那么吵的音乐(not such loud music) 。故选 D。53. C 考查形容词辨析。A. brave 勇敢的；B. sorry 抱歉的；C. happy 快乐的；D. afr
32、aid 害怕的。通过上文：These songs are beautiful music, 说明 Dario 的妈妈很喜欢这些音乐，所以 we will be happy to play them。故选C。54. B 考查动词辨析。A. change 变化；B. practice 练习，实践；C. record 记录；D. write 写作。根据题意，应该是练习音乐，故选 B。（2015 福建）One of the easiest things in the world is to become a fault-finder. However, life can be 36 when you
33、are not busy finding fault with it.Several years ago I 37 a letter from seventeen-year-old Kerry, who described herself as a world-class fault-finder, almost always 38 by things. People were always doing things that annoyed her, and 39 was ever good enough. She was highly self-critical and also foun
34、d fault with her friends. She became a really 40 person.Unfortunately, it took a horrible accident to change her 41 Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash. What made it almost 42 to deal with was that the day before the 43 , Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time critic
35、izing her 44 of boyfriends, the way she wras living, the way she related to her mother, and various other things she felt she needed to 45 It wasnt until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became 46 her habit of finding fault. Very quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather than to 47 everythi
36、ng so harshly ( 刻薄) . She was able to transfer her new wisdom to other parts of her 48 as well.Perhaps most of us arent as extreme at fault-finding, 49 when were honest, we can be sharply 50 of the world. Im not suggesting you 51 problems, or that you pretend things are 52 than they are, but simply
37、that you learn to allow things to be as they are 53 most of the time, and especially when its not a really big 54 .Train yourself to “bite your tongue“ , and with a little 55, youll get really good at letting things go. And when you do, youll get back your enthusiasm and love for life.36. A. lonely
38、B. great C. quiet D. uneasy37. A. received B. answered C. expected D. rejected38. A. threatened B. interrupted C. bothered I). spoiled39. A. anything B. everything C. something D. nothing40. A. caring B. boring C. interesting D. surprising41. A. attitude B. plan C. measure D. explanation42. A. urgen
39、t B. unnecessary C. certain D. impossible43. A. occasion B. event C. accident D. adventure44. A. memory B. notice C. evidence D. choice45. A. hear B. contribute C. express D. admit46. A. aware of B. afraid of C. curious about D. confused about47. A. discuss B. realize C. judge D. settle48. A. family
40、 B. life C. career D. education49. A. so B. or C. but D. for50. A. proud B. sure C. hopeful D. critical51. A. face B. create C. solve D. ignore52. A. rarer B. better C. stranger D. worse53. A. at least B. at last C. by far D. so far54. A. task B. deal C. result D. duty55. A. practice B. speech C. re
41、st D pity37A 考查动词辨析 A.received 接受；B.answered 回答；C.expected 期望；D.rejected 排斥。几年以前，我收到一个来自 17 岁女孩 kerry 的信。故选 A38C 考查动词辨析 A.threatened 威胁；B.interrupted 打扰；C.bothered 麻烦；D.spoiled 娇惯。这个叫做 Kerry 的女孩说自己是一个世界级的找错者，她总是被各种事情困扰着。故选 C39D 考查不定代词辨析 A.anything 任何事；B.everything 每一件事；C.something 某事；D.nothing 没有事。人
42、们总是做着那些惹她恼怒的事情，没有一件事是好的，故选 D40B 考查形容词辨析 A.caring 关心的；B.boring 糟糕的；C.interesting 有趣的；D.surprising 令人惊奇的。 她具有高度的自我批评精神，她也会对自己的朋友挑毛病。她成为了一个非常糟糕的人。故选 B41A 考查名词辨析 A.attitude 态度；B.plan 计划；C.measure 措施；D.explanation 解释。不幸的，一场恐怖的事故发生改变了她的态度。故选 A42D 考查形容词辨析 A.urgent 经济的；B.unnecessary 不必要的； C.certain 确定的；D.im
43、possible 不可能的。她最好的朋友在一场车祸中受伤很严重，让事情处理起来变得不可能的事情是，发生事故的前一天 Kerry 拜访了她的朋友故选 D43C 考查名词辨析 A.occasion 场合；B.event 事项；C.accident 事故；D.adventure 冒险。她最好的朋友在一场车祸中受伤很严重，让事情处理起来变得不可能的事情是，发生事故的前一天，Kerry 拜访了她的朋友，在这期间全程批评了她选择男朋友的眼光故选 C44D 考查名词辨析 A.memory 记忆；B.notice 注意；C.evidence 证据；D.choice 选择。发生事故的前一天，Kerry拜访了她的
44、朋友，在这期间全程批评了她选择男朋友的眼光、她生活的方式、她与母亲联络时候的方式，还有各种其他她认为她需要表达的故选 D45C 考查动词辨析 A.hear 听；B.contribute 贡献；C.express 表达；D.admit 承认、许可。发生事故的前一天，Kerry 拜访了她的朋友，在这期间全程批评了她选择男朋友的眼光、她生活的方式、她与母亲联络时候的方式，还有各种其他她认为她需要表达的。故选 C46A 考查短语辨析 A.aware of 注意； B.afraid of 担心； C.curious about 对好奇；D.confused about 对迷惑。直到他的朋友受了重伤，Ke
45、rry 才注意到她挑毛病的习惯。故选 A50D考查形容词辨析 A.proud 骄傲的； B.sure 确定的；C.hopeful 有希望的；D.critical 批判的。可能我们中的大多数都不会极端的的寻找错误，但是当我们诚实的面对的时候，我们可以尖锐的批判这个世界。故选 D51D 考查动词辨析 A.face 面对；B.create 创造；C.solve 解决；D.ignore 忽略。我并不是在建议你无视问题。故选D52B 考查形容词比较级辨析 A.rarer 更稀罕的；B.better #。cne更好的；C.stranger 更奇怪的；D.worse 更坏的。我也不是在建议你假装事物比它们自
46、身更好。故选 B53A 考查短语辨析 A.at least 至少；B.at last 最后；C.by far 到现在为止；D.so far 迄今为止。至少在大多数时间里，你学着容忍事物的原态。故选 A54B 考查名词辨析 A.task 任务；B.deal 处理、交易；C.result 计划；D.duty 责任。尤其是当这不是一个特别大的事情。故选 B55A 考查名词辨析 A.practice 实践；B.speech 演讲；C.rest 休息；D.pity 遗憾。训练你自己忍着不说那些刻薄的话，小小的实践一下，你会变得很擅长放手。故选 A（2015 广东）How long can human b
47、eings live? Most scientists who study old age think that the human body is _1_ to live no longer than 120 years. However, 110 years is probably the longest that anyone could hope to live if he or she is _2_ healthy and lucky. Some scientists even say we can live as long as 130 years! Yet, our cells
48、simply cannot continue to reproduce _3_. They wear out, and as a result, we get old and _4_ die.Even though we cant live forever, we are living a _5_ life than ever before. In 1900, the average American life span (寿命) was only 47 years, but today it is 75 years!When does old age begin then? Sixty-fi
49、ve may be out-of-date as the _6_ line between middle age and old age. After all, many older people dont begin to experience physical and mental _7_ until after age 75.People are living longer because more people _8_ childhood. Before modern medicine changed the laws of nature, many children died of common childhood _9_. Now that the chances of dying _10_ are much lower, the chances of living long are much higher due to better diets and
