1、完型填空题的基本步骤,1、重视首句,把握开篇 首句一般不留空白,可由此判断文章体裁,预测全文大意和主旨 2、通读全文,领略大意 完形填空题的文章尽管是有意地抽掉了一些词,使信息中断,但仍不失为完整的语篇。读时要注意找出关键词、中心词,划出某些代表人物和情节的词,以便于形成思路 3、瞻前顾后,灵活答题 通过通读全文,掌握了文章的大意后,可以从头开始边细读边分析。根据上下文意思选取语法正确、语义贴切、语言准确的词语 4、复读全文,验证答案 注意以下三点: 1) 上下文一致性:时态语态的一致;代词、名词、单复数的一致 2) 从语法和惯用法及习惯搭配、语感入手,看是否符合上下文 3) 段与段、句与句之
2、间的衔接是否连贯。要留心语法、习惯用语、固定搭配等方面的正确性,还要考虑语义、内容方面的合理性,要点,合情(情理) 合理(题意) 合法(语法)本人的建议,平时训练注意培养不看选项而推测答案的习惯。根据句子结构分析缺省部分是什么样的词性,成份,结合上下文推测缺省词。良好的阅读习惯对完形填空有很大帮助,详情参见综合提高培训之阅读理解,填空类型,单词/词组辨析,需要结合场景作答 语法(不定式,动名词,现在/过去分词,时态) 习惯用法 连接词: that/which, where, what, why, who 特别留意 it is that 有可能是强调句型,也有可能是主语从句 转折连词: howe
3、ver, nonetheless, instead, but 很多情况下instead是答案 _55_, I finished the routine with a smile on my face. A. However B. Instead C. In total D. in return,练习一,1. 通读全篇-体裁;2. 推测缺省词的词性,词义(积极/消极)One summer holiday Tom was in the forest by himself. He went down to _1_ in the river. Soon he got a big fish. Then
4、he heard a great noise and turned round. There, right _2_ him, sat a big black bear! He was frightened and wanted to ran away as quickly as possible, but it was too _3_. The bear sat there and looked at him. So he moved very _4_. The bear watched him. But it sat still. Tom took the fish and _5_ it t
5、o the bear. The bear ate it at once.Now what was Tom going to do? Hed better _6_ fishing, he thought. The bear thought so too. _7_ he got another fish. He went over to the bear and put the fish into its big red mouth. Tom fished and fished all for the bear. At _8_ Tom was afraid to stop. Then he beg
6、an to like doing it. The bear was so _9_.When _10_ came, the bear stood up and turned away from Tom and Tom went home.,练习,One summer holiday Tom was in the forest by himself. He went down to _1_ in the river. Soon he got a big fish. Then he heard a great noise and turned round. There, right _2_ him,
7、 sat a big black bear! He was frightened and wanted to ran away as quickly as possible, but it was too _3_. The bear sat there and looked at him. So he moved very _4_. The bear watched him. But it sat still. Tom took the fish and _5_ it to the bear. The bear ate it at once.1. A. swim B. wash himself
8、 C. fish D. drink water 2. A. around B. before C. beside D. behind 3. A. early B. late C. easy D. tired 4. A. quickly B. fast C. slowly D. bravely 5. A. threw B. handed C. showed D. gave,练习,Now what was Tom going to do? Hed better _6_ fishing, he thought. The bear thought so too. _7_ he got another
9、fish. He went over to the bear and put the fish into its big red mouth. Tom fished and fished all for the bear. At _8_ Tom was afraid to stop. Then he began to like doing it. The bear was so _9_. When _10_ came, the bear stood up and turned away from Tom and Tom went home. 6. A. stop B. go on C. enj
10、oy D. try 7. A. Late B. Though C. And D. Soon 8. A. a time B. that moment C. first D. last 9. A. hungry B. friendly C. interested D. beautiful 10. A. evening B. someone C. the keeper D. rain,解题剖析,通过阅读全文,我们得知故事发生在一个暑假。Tom 在河边钓鱼时,碰到了一头大熊。他把钓的鱼都喂了那头熊,直到熊离开他才回家。根据这大意,再来分析每个题目的正确答案。 1、正确答案为C。fish在此作动词用,表
11、示“钓鱼”的意思。可根据Soon he got a big fish.这一句得到正确答案。 2、正确答案为D。从前一句的turned round可以推断出,熊是在Tom的身后。 3、正确答案为B。Tom由于害怕想赶快跑开,但是熊就在身后瞧着他,再从but这个表示转折关系的词来分析,此时要想快速跑开为时已晚。其余三个选项与文章意义不符。 4、正确答案为C。这一题要从文章的上下文意义上来分析。上文提到因害怕想尽快地跑开,但已经晚了,所以可以排除选项A和B。选项D没有语法上的错误,但从上下文的意义上来看与文章意义不符,可以排除。 5、正确答案为A。这四个选项从语法上都讲得通,但从上下文的意思来分析却
12、不行。从后一句可以推断出,选项C不正确,show表示“给看”,那么熊就不可能吃到。再从上文来分析,Tom怕熊,他不会冒险去把鱼“给”或“递”给熊,hand 和give都表示近距离的,使对方能拿到,所以只有选项A throw 最符合文章意义。,解题剖析,6、正确答案为B。go on 表示“继续”的意思。这时,Tom 认为不能离开,一旦离开,熊可能就会追赶他,所以根据常理 Tom 不应该“停止钓鱼”。在这种较紧张和危险的情况下,Tom也不可能有 enjoy 或 try fishing 的心情。所以选项B为最佳答案。 7、正确答案为 D。这一题主要考查关联词在文章中的运用。这些词在文章中起到了呈上启
13、下、连接上下文的作用。根据上下文的情节,选项A、B、C 都不能在这儿起到连接上下文的作用,不能把上下文的意思连贯起来。 8、正确答案为C。从后面的 then 就可以推断出这个空应该是first。At first then.是一个习惯的关联搭配,表示动作的先后关系。 9、正确答案为B。根据上文的意思,可以排除选项A,因为熊已经吃了不少鱼,不可能再感到饥饿。从语法角度来分析,选项C也不正确。此处要么用 interesting, 要么就用 interested in something 结构。选项D虽然没有语法上的错误,但从上下文的意义上来说不够确切,不符合文章意义。通过上文分析,Tom 起先怕熊,
14、所以只好不停地钓鱼,但后来当他给熊吃了鱼,而且可以亲手把鱼放到它嘴里时,他就不怕了,且喜欢这样不停地钓鱼给熊吃,这可推断出熊并不是那么可怕,而是非常友好的。所以选项B为最佳答案。 10、正确答案为A。这个答案也要从上下文的意义和根据常理来分析。选项B、C、D虽然能讲得通,但没有上下文意思的支撑,文章中没有提及,也没有任何暗示。而从钓鱼的角度来分析,一般是早出晚归。所以当夜色降临时,熊吃饱了鱼,也就离开了。所以选项A符合整个文章的意义。,练习二,A proverb says, “Time is money”. But in my opinion, time is even _1_ preciou
15、s than money. Why? _2_ when money is spent, we can earn it back. However, when time is _3_ , it will never return. _4_ is known to all that the time we can use is limited. Therefore we should make _5_ use of our time to study hard so as to serve our country in _6_ future. But it is a pity that there
16、 are a lot of people _7_ do not realize the value of time. They _8_ their precious time smoking, drinking and playing. In a word, we should form the good habit of _9_ (save) time. Do not put off what can be done today _10_ tomorrow.,练习二答案,1. 根据语法知识进行填充 第1题,由than可知,precious要用比较级,多音节形容词的比较级在前面加more,故此
17、题答案为more。 第7题,因there are是个句子,do not应是一个定语从句,缺主语,先行词是人,应填who。 2. 根据逻辑关系进行填充 就是根据上下文的逻辑关系来解题。 第2题,因前句用Why提问,应当用Because来回答,故此题答案是Because。 3. 根据语篇标志进行填充 语篇是指比单个句子长的语言单位(句群、段落、篇章等)。语篇间往往有标明内在联系的词,我们称这些词为“语篇标志词”。如表示结构层次的有first, second, third, finally等;表示逻辑关系的有thus,therefore,so等;表示转折关系或变换话题的有however, but,
18、by the way等。“语篇标志词”对迅速理清文章的脉络,弄清上下文关系很有帮助。 第3题,由表示转折的However可知,是指当时间失去的时候,表示“失去”是gone。 第5题,由表示结果的Therefore可知,应充分利用时间,故用形容词full或good来修饰名词use。 4. 根据固定词组进行填充 熟练掌握一些常见的词组,如as a matter of, be proud of, by the way, come from, congratulate.on., devote.to., 等,对解题很有帮助。 第6题,表示“在将来”是固定词组in the future。,练习二答案,5.
19、 根据句型搭配进行填充 就是根据一些常用的句型搭配,如so/such.that., it is.(for sb.) to do sth, there is no doubt that., there is no sense in doing sth.等来解题。 第4题,作形式主语,用It,真正的主语是后面的that从句。 6. 根据词汇知识进行填充 指根据某些词语在用法上的特殊搭配来解题。如下列各类动词必须牢记:只能接动词的-ing形式作宾语的动词,只能接to do作宾语的动词,接to do作补语的动词,接do作补语的动词,接doing或done作补语的动词,对句式搭配要求较为特别的词语,等等
20、。 第8题,由time smoking可想到是spend/waste time (in) doing句型,这是由spend/waste的用法所决定的;这里是一般现在时,主语是复数,填spend或waste。 第9题,因of是介词,介词后的动词通常要用-ing形式,故填saving。 7. 根据生活常识进行填充 第10题,结合生活常识,不难理解句意为“不要把今天能做的事推迟到明天去做”,答案自然是表示“直到”的until/till。 8. 根据文化背景进行填充 如After the flood Mr. Deng was as poor as a church_. 这句话的意思是“水灾后邓先生一贫如洗了”。as poor as a church mouse(一贫如洗),所以此处填mouse。,