高中英语选修六三单元Reading.ppt

1、Unit 4Global warmingReading,高二人教新课标版选修六,Pre-reading,1. Have you ever seen a greenhouse?,2. How does the greenhouse work?,The air inside was warm because the glass traps(挡住, 吸收) the heat from the sun and keeps it from escaping(逃跑). This makes the greenhouse heat up(热量 上升) and so the plants can grow t

2、hroughout(在期间) the cold period.,3. What are Greenhouse Gases?,4. Greenhouse Effect,Global warming,Greenhouse gases trapped the heat from the sun, which causes the temperature of earth goes up.,Greenhouse effect,Green house effect,Greenhouse,Global warming,Are they all beneficial?,？,THE EARTH IS BECO

3、MING WARMER BUT DOES IT MATTER?,Reading,1) How many paragraphs does the reading2) Make a division of the text.,Read the passage quickly (3),text consist of? Please number them.,Fast-Reading,Main ideas of each part:,Part1 (1),Introduce a debate over the issue of global warming.,raising a question,Par

4、t2 (2-5),How global warming comes about.,giving examples, using graphs, explanation,List two different attitudes among scientists towards global warming.,Its up to readers to think and decide whether people should do something about global warming or not.,giving examples, making contrast,leaving a q

5、uestion,Are the risks too great?,So can you predict the future of the global warming?,Who writes this article? Sophie Armstrong of Earth CareWhat rose about one degree Fahrenheit? The temperature of the earth,Careful reading,Part1 (1),Introduction of global warming.,2. _,1. _,Part2 (2-5),How global

6、warming comes about?,the burning of fossil fuels,human activity,Carbon dioxide,Methane,What are the Greenhouse gases?,1. 2. 3.,Water vapor,Part3 (6-7),What are the effects of global warming?,a rise in the sea level Severe storms, droughts, famines, the spread of diseases, and the disappearance of sp

7、eciesMake plants grow faster,effects,Read and answer the questions. 1. Who wrote the magazine article? What is the name of the magazine? 2. What are the names of the three scientists mentioned in the article?,1. Sophie Armstrong, Earth Care.,2. Dr Janice Foster, Charles Keeling, George Hambley.,3. W

8、hat do the three scientists think about global warming?,believes it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that is resulting in a big increase in carbon dioxide.,Dr. Janice FosterGeorge HambleyCharles Keeling,thinks the effects of globalm warming could be very serious (严重的).,thinks global warm

9、ing will be mild with few bad environmental consequences.,The different ideas between Dr. Janice Foster & George Hambley,go up,catastrophe,very serious,positive,produce,a greater range of animals,4. What are the two graphs about?,The first graph shows the temperature increase of one degree Fahrenhei

10、t between 1860 to 2000. The second graph shows the carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997.,5. What is the main topic of the article?,Global warming/ the warming of the earth.,1. Who found out the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1977?A. Dr. Janice Foster. B

11、. Charles Keeling.C. George Hambley. D. Sophie Armstrong.,B,Choose the best answer.,2. Which of the following is Dr Janice Fosters opinion?A. The result of the temperature increase will be serious.B. The amount of warming is nothing serious.C. We neednt worry about high levels of carbon dioxide. D.

12、Global warming is a natural phenomenon.,A,3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?A. The temperature of the earth increased about one degree Fahrenheit during the 20th century.B. The carbon dioxide content in the air increased by 70 parts per million from 1957 to 1997.C. All scientis

13、ts accept the data in graph 2 except Charles Keeling.D. Janice Foster says that more carbon dioxide will make plants grow faster.,A,4. The author probably agrees that _ A. actually global warming is good for man. B. we should do nothing about the global warming. C. catastrophes will happen if the gl

14、obe keeps on warming. D. a lot remains to be found out about the effects of global warming.,D,True or false? 1. The temperature in the last century did not seem to increase much. 2. Everyone believes that global warming is caused by the activities of humans. 3. Janice Foster believes that she can me

15、asure the future global rise in temperature.,T,T,F,4. The rise in carbon dioxide is causing a steady increase in global warming. 5. George Hambley believes that global warming will do good rather than harm to the earth. 6. It is clear what the effects of global warming will be.,T,T,F,Summary,Try to

16、talk in general terms rather than in details. e.g: I learnt that the earth is becoming warmer.I learnt that global warming could have terrible effects on the environment.,A : We shall do something about global warming.,B: We shall do nothing about global warming.,Debate,What we should do to protect

17、our earth?,Discussion:,1. Reduce the burning of fossil fuels 2. Plant trees 3. Use bags that can be recycled,It is a rapid increase when compared to other natural changes.,compare vt. 1)比较; 对照 comparewith表示“把与相比 (同类相比)” 如： Compare your answers with those at the back of the book to see if they are ri

18、ght. 把你的答案同书后面的答案对照一下, 看看是否正确。,Language points,2) 喻为; 比拟 compareto 表示“把比做(异类 相比, 比喻)” 如： Mans life is often compared do a candle. 人生常被比为蜡烛。,My handwriting can not be compared with my fathers. 我的书法不能与我父亲的相比。,Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. 莎士比亚把人世比做舞台。,知识拓展 compared to /with 与相比, 一般在句子中作状语

19、。 Compared to/with many women, she was indeed very fortunate.,come about: 发生, 造成, 相当于happen 你能告诉我事情是怎么发生的吗？ Can you tell me how the accident came 随着电的使用, 种种大变化发生了。 With the use of electricity, great changes have come about. come out 出现; 传开; 公开 come up 发生、举行; 出现,2. So how has this come about and does

20、 it matter?,come about 是不及物短语。如： 1) Please tell me how the accident _. I am still in the dark. (2005 江西)A. came by B. came outC. came to D. came about,D,2) Its already 10 oclock. I wonder howit _ that she was two hours late onsuch a short trip. (湖北2006)A. came over B. came out C. came about D. came

21、up 解析: 已经十点钟了, 我不知道是怎么 回事, 这么短的路程她迟到了两个小时。 come over 来访 come out 出来, 出版 come up 出现,C,3. There is no doubt that.,doubt 1) 作不可数名词, 作“疑惑; 怀疑” 肯定句中doubt多接whether (一般不用if代替) 同位语从句。如: Theres some doubt _ hell keep his promise. 他会不会信守诺言还难说。 She had her doubts _ the new book would sell well. 她怀疑新书是否会畅销。,whe

22、ther,whether,否定句中doubt多接that同位语从句。如: There is no doubt _ they will ask you for help. 毫无疑问, 他们会请你帮忙的。 I have no doubt _ you will succeed. 我毫不怀疑你会成功的。 2)作及物动词常用于下列句型中, 作“怀疑; 不能肯定; 不大相信”解, 一般不用进行时态。,that,that,用于否定句或疑问句, 后接that引导的宾语 从句。如: I dont doubt _ he is telling the truth. 我毫不怀疑他在讲真话。 Do you doubt

23、_ he will win the match? 你怀疑他会赢这场比赛吗? 用于肯定句, 一般接whether 或if引导的宾语 从句。 如: I doubt _ we will make a profit out of it. 我认为我们不可能从此事中获利。 We doubt _ she will be persuaded. 我们不知道她会不会被说服。,whether/if,whether/if,that,that,考点1 There is no doubt that .是固定 句型, 意为“毫无疑问”, that引导的 是同位语从句，用来进一步补充说明 doubt的具体内容。如： Some

24、 researchers believe that there is no doubt _ a cure for AIDS will be found. (广东2005) A. which B. that C. what D. whether,B,考点2 it is . that .构成强调句型, 强调 的是主语human activity。强调句型可 强调主语、宾语或状语。如： It is not who is right but what is right _ is of importance. (重庆2007) A. which B. it C. that D. this 解析: 将it

25、 is和that去掉后, 此句成为 Not who is right but what is right is of importance, 句子完整, 故此题是一个 强调句型。,B,I dont mind her criticizing me, but _ is how she does it that I object to. (江西2007) A. it B. that C. this D. which 解析:去掉it is和that后, 本句相当于., but I object to how she does it, 是个完整 的句子。故此句是it强调句型, 被强调 部分是宾语从句。,

26、A,4. phenomenon n. 现象; 奇迹; 罕见的人才 或事物 eg: 雨雪是天气现象。 Rain and snow are phenomena of the weather. eg: 不应该简单地视未婚妈妈为一种社会现象。 Unmarried mothers should not be regarded simply _. eg: 贝多芬是音乐家中的天才。 Beethoven was _ among musicians.,pl. phenomena,as a social phenomenon,a phenomenon,5. subscribe to 1) 同意; 支持 I don

27、t subscribe to such views. 我不同意这样的观点。 2) 对.捐款 Many people subscribed liberally to the relief fund. 许多人为救灾基金慷慨解囊。,3) (在文件等下面)签名 He subscribed his name to a petition. 他在请愿书上签名。 4) 订阅(书籍等) He subscribed to Readers Digest. 他订阅读者文摘。,6. Without the green house effect, the earth would be about thirty-three

28、 degrees Celsius cooler than it is.如果没有温室效应, 地球会比现在冷33。这是一个含蓄虚拟条件句。有时假设的情况并不以条件从句形式表示出来, 而是通过一个介词短语或其他方式表示。常用的词或短语有: without, but for, but that, otherwise, or, but等。,e.g. Without your help ( = If we had not had your help), we could not have succeeded 要是没有你的帮助, 我们是不会成功的。 He felt very tired yesterday,

29、 or he would have attended the party 他昨天很累, 不然他就参加那个聚会了。,But for electricity (= If there were no electricity), there would be no modem industry 要是没有电, 就不会有现代工业。 He was having a meeting with his students, otherwise he would have come. 他当时正与他的学生进行讨论, 否则 的话他就来帮我们了。,7. quantity n. 数量; 量 “a large/small q

30、uantity of +不可数名词 和可数名词复数”表示“大量的/少量的”, 也可以用“large/small quantities of + 不可数名词或可数名词复数”来表达。 用法归纳: a quantity of 大量的 quantities of 大量的 There is a small quantity of water left in the bottle. 瓶子里还剩下少量的水。 She has quantities of good clothes. 她有许多好衣服。,特别提示 a quantity of 后可接不可数名词或 可数名词的复数形式。当它修饰名词 作主语时, 谓语名词

31、用单数; 而quantities of后同样可接不可数名词 或可数名词的复数形式, 但谓语用复数。 amounts of + 不可数名词充当句子 的主语时, 其谓语动词用复数。,8. go up 1) 上升 Prices have gone up again. 物价又上涨了。 2) 被建造起来 New factories are going up everywhere. 到处在兴建新工厂。 3) 被焚毁 The whole building went up in flames. 整幢楼被焚毁了。,9. It was a scientist called Charles Keeling who

32、made accurate measurements of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997. 是一位名叫查尔斯奎林的科学家把1957至1997年期间大气层中二氧化碳的含量作了精确的统计。 解析: 该句是一个强调句。,amount of 习惯用语: an amount of 相当数量的; 一些 any amount (of) 任何数量(的); 大量(的) be of little amount 不重要; 无价值 amount n. 数量 large amounts of money 大量的金钱 In

33、 an invoice the amount of money should be written both in words and in figures. 发票上的钱数要用字和数码写出来。,10. result in 结果; 致使; 导致 主语: in 的宾语:,起因,结果,Acting before thinking always results _ failure. 做事不先考虑总会导致失败。 The accident resulted _ the death of two people. 这场意外事故造成两人死亡。,in,in,result from 起于, 由于, 由引起 主语：

34、from 的宾语： His sickness resulted _ eating too much.,起因,结果,from,causebring about lead to,cause 表示的因果关系比较直接 Smoking can cause lung cancer. My car has caused me a lot of trouble. 2) bring about 表示的因果关系不那么 直接 The war brought about a reduction in the birth rate. 3) lead to 相当于cause The strike could lead t

35、o a loss of jobs.,11. On the other hand, there are those, like George Hambley, who are opposed to this view, believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air. 在另一方面, 还有一些人, 对这一观点 持反对态度, 像科学家乔治 汉布利, 他们认为我们不必担心空气中高含量 的二氧化碳。,分析: 该句是一个主从复合句。主句为 there are those, like scient

36、ist George Hambley 作句子的插入语, who引导的 定语从句修饰those, 且在该定语从句中 其谓语动词believe又带有that引导的 宾语从句。句子的主要部分可以表示为:. there are those who believe that .,on the other hand: 另一方面 Id like to eat out, but on the other hand I should be trying to save money. I want to go to the party, but on the other hand I ought to be st

37、udying. 我想去参加聚会, 但从另一方面来说, 我应该留下来学习。,12. oppose vt. 反对; 反抗 如： I am opposed to going shopping with others. 我反对与他人一起外出购物。 He is strongly opposed to the plan. 他强烈反对这一计划。 oppose sth./doing sth. 反对某事/做某事 be opposed to sth./doing sth. 反对某事/做某事 oppose后若接动词, 则用其动名词形式， 而不用动词不定式。,oppose doing sth.= object to

38、doing sth. 反对做某事 The young man opposed/objected to turning to his parents for help. 这个年轻人反对向他的父母求助。 易混辨析 oppose (尤指采取行动)反对, 反抗(某事) be opposed to 一方面相当于be against “反对”; 另一方面相当于be opposite to “相对”。,13. consequence n. 结果, 后果, 影响,in consequence 因此 as a consequence 结果 as a consequence of 由于的结果,It rained

39、yesterday and in consequence the match was canceled. He studied hard, and in consequence he passed the exam.,+n. 14. state +that从句+wh-从句；,他已公开声明他会支持那项政策。 He has publicly _ _ _ for the policy.,stated his support,我听见那位官员说不接纳儿童。 I heard the official state that they would not accept children. 合同清楚地叙述了那项

40、工作应在何时完成。 The contract stated when the work should be finished.,v. 陈述, 声明； n. 状况, 情况; 国家；,15. range v. 排列, 使成行; 偏袒, 站在的方面 n. 范围(尤指从到各种种类, 可供选择的 范围等, 可加不定冠词); 排列 beyond the range of 超越的范围 out of ones range 某人达不到的 这家商店商品品种多。 The shop keeps _. 常可用于: 1) 被动结构 2) range oneself； 3) range from to / betweena

41、nd 从到不等,a wide range of goods,老师令其学生沿着小径排队。 The teacher _ along the path. 温度在15度到35度之间。 The temperature _. 我们应当列身于法律与秩序的一边。 We should _ on the side of law and order.,ranged his students,ranges from 15 to 35 degrees,range ourselves,16. even if /though: 即使; 虽然 He will come on time even though it rains

42、. 即使下雨, 他还是会准时来的。 I wouldnt tell you even if I knew. Even if she survives, shell never fully recover. Even though hes 24 now, hes still like a little child. I can still remember, even though it was so long ago.,A large q_ of rice is badly needed here. 2. Students are from a wide r_ of backgrounds. 3

43、. She studied hard, and in c_ she passed the exam. 4. The park attracts 4 million visitors p_ year.,uantity,ange,onsequence,er,根据句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示, 写出各单词的正确形式。,5. What sort of _ (燃料) do these machines need? 6. The _ (数据) is still being analysed. So dont be so worried. 7. The earthquake was a terrible

44、 _ (大灾难). 8. A rainbow is a natural _ (现象) especially after a heavy rain. 10. The _ (曲线图) of export indicates a new success of the company.,graph,fuel,data,catastrophe,phenomenon,II. 根据句意, 选择适当的单词或短语填空 1. climate; weatherIts very difficult for her to get used to the dry and cold _ there. b. How we w

45、ish the sunny _ could keep up for another several days! 2. come about; come acrossIve never _ anyone quite like her before. b. Please tell me how the accident _. I am still in the dark.,climate,weather,come across,came about,3. quantity; quality a. Much of the land was of poor _. b. Buy vegetables i

46、n small _, for your immediate use. 4. result in; result fromThe accident _ the death of three people. b. His failure _ not working hard enough.,quality,quantities,resulted in,resulted from,5. glance; glare; stareHe _ angrily at her across the dinner table. b. She _ at the page for several minutes, t

47、rying to understand. c. She _ round the room before she left.,glared,stared,glanced,1. It was very late, but they went on working. It was very late, but they _ _ working. 2. We dont doubt that he can do a good job. _ _ _ _ _ he can do a good job. 3. Their carelessness led to the failure. Their carel

48、essness _ _ the failure.,kept on,There is no doubt that,resulted in,III. 每空一词, 使两个句子的意思相同。,4. I dont know how the accident happened. I dont know how the accident _ _. 5. The factory turns out a large number of paper products. The factory turns out _ _ _ _ paper products. 6. Although they raise the price, hes going to buy the farm. Hes going to buy the farm _ _ they raise the price.,