1、Nonfinitive Verbs 非谓语动词,主备人：李成荣 审核人：倪锦春,非谓语动词（复习）,非谓语动词：不作谓语的动词形式, 包括三种形式： 即:不定式(to do);动词”ing”形式(doing);过去分词(done) 共同特点：1. 有时态，语态的变化2. 有自己的修饰成分(宾语, 状语, 逻辑主语),动词的”ing”形式- doing,时态 主动 被动一般式 (not) doing (not) being done完成式 (not) having done (not) having been done,一、doing 作主语,-Walking is a good form of
2、 exercise for both young and old. -Listening to music is my sisters hobby. -Speaking in public is a challenge to a lot of people. -His being late made the teacher angry.,doing 作主语后置，用 it 作形式主语的句型: It is no use / good / pleasure doing . 2. It is useless doing . 3. It is a waste of time doing . 4. The
3、re is no use / good/ point / sense (in) doing .,Its necessary to be prepared for a job interview. _ the answers ready will be of great help. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having,Eugenes never willing to change any of his opinions. Its no use _with him.to argue B. arguing C. argued D. having a
4、rgued,D,B,二、doing 作宾语,- I really regretted having missed such an exciting lecture. - I suggest asking our teacher for help. - They are busy (in) preparing for the exam.,只接 doing 不接 to do 作宾语的动词: advise, allow, permit, consider, dislike, enjoy, avoid, admit, escape, mind, miss, finish, imagine, pract
5、ise, suggest, keep, appreciate, delay, forgive, risk, cant help, cant stand, feel like, put off 等,Bill suggested _ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.having held B. to hold C. holding D. hold,C,People couldnt help _ the foolish emperor in the procession.A. laugh at B.
6、to laugh at C. laughing at D. laughing on,C,2. forget, remember, regret, mean, stop, try, go on 后接 doing 和 to do 含义不同。 -I remember seeing him somewhere before.(做过) - Please remember to turn off the light when you leave (未做),-I forgot learning (having learnt) the usage of the word.（做过） -Dont forget t
7、o do your homework. (未做),-I regret not following (having followed) your advice.(后悔) -I regret to tell / say / inform很遗憾地告诉，说，通知,-He tried to catch up with the others. (努力做) -He tried knocking at the back door but nobody answered. (试着做),类似用法：,Mean doing 意味着做某事 Mean to do 想做某事 （I dont mean to hurt you
8、) Stop doing 停止正在做的事情 Stop to do 停下来去做另外的事情 Go on doing 继续做同一件事 Go on to do 接着做另一件事情,3. need / require / want (需要) + doing = to be done,4. be worth doing 主动表被动,5. 介词 to 后的 doing be/get used to be accustomed topay attention toget down tolead to devote to look forward to the key / approach to,+doing,6
9、. Have difficulty / trouble (in) doing .have a good / wonderful / hard time (in) doing be busy/ buried (in) doing,I had great difficulty _ the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.(2010 上海) A. find B. found C. to find D. finding,D,-I must apologize for _ahead of time. -Thats all right. A. le
10、tting you not know B. not letting you know C. letting you know not D. letting not you know,B,*doing 作主语和宾语时的复合结构(即:doing带有逻辑主语) 构成：形容词性物主代词或名词所有格 + doingones / Ns + doing / There + being,- His attending the meeting surprised everyone here. - Toms winning made us excited.,- Im proud of your performin
11、g in the exam. - I dont mind Toms smoking here.,注：复合结构作宾语时，可用宾格或普通格代替 - Im proud of you performing in the exam. - I dont mind Tom smoking here.,- Do you mind _ something about your idea? - Not at all; go ahead. Saying B. to say C. having said D. my saying,I have never dreamt of _ such a beautiful pl
12、ace in the world. Its fantastic! there to be B. being C. there being D. there having,D,C,三、doing 作表语 1) - My job is teaching.- His hobby is playing basketball. 2) The story is moving / interesting / disappointing/surprising.,主语和表语 (宾语) 一致 eg. Seeing is believing.=To see is to believe.Saying is one t
13、hing but doing is another.= To say is one thing but to do is another.,Wu Dongs father works in a printing factory. 2. My mother suggested that we go to the shopping centre this afternoon. 3. Working people are usually looked down upon 4. Mrs Cousin put her sleeping baby in the basket under the tree.
14、 5. The car running at high speed is James,四、doing 作定语,作用：1. 说明被修饰词的用途或性能2. 表示被修饰词经常或正在从事的动作,注意: 完成式及完成被动式： having done / having been done 不作定语,printing factory = a factory for printing,sleeping baby = a baby who is sleeping,working people = people who work,The temple _by the earthquake will be rebu
15、ilt. having destroyed B. destroyed C. which destroyed D. having been destroyed,B,There was terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed,The girl _ under that tree is my sister. A. sitting B. sits C. is sitting D. sat,How about two of us _ a
16、 walk down the garden? A. to take B. take C. taking D. to be taking,B,A,C,-You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.-Well, now I regret _ that. A. to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done,D,She is writing a letter to a friend of hers, _him to attend the meeting. A. having
17、invited B. inviting C. to invite D. invited 通过,B,_ ill worried my parents greatly. A. I fell B. Me falling C. My falling D. I falling,C,When I got back home I saw a message pinned on the door, _ “ Sorry to miss you; will call later.“ read B. reads C. to read D. reading,D,We found the farmers working
18、 in the rice field. 2) Why did you have the fire burning all night? 3) My students words got me thinking a lot. 4) They are observing their teacher doing an experiment.,五、 doing 做宾语补足语 （一般是延续性动词）,做感官动词的宾补,用来补充说明宾语正在进行的动作see, notice, observe, watch, find, discover, catchhear, listen tosmell, feel,+ s
19、b / sth + doing,eg.-The missing boy was last seen playing near the river.-When I came in, I caught some students smoking.,2. 做使役动词的宾语补足语，表示宾语持续的动作have, keep, leave, send, get, set + sb/sth + doing eg. Im sorry to have kept you waiting so long.- His funny words set us laughing.- Dont have the baby cr
20、ying.,My parents have always made me _ about myself, even when I was twelve. feeling well B. feeling good C. feel well D. feel good,D,Walking in the street, the boy was knocked down by a bicycle. 2) Not knowing his phone number, we couldnt get in touch with him. 3) The snow lasted a week, resulting
21、in a serious traffic confusion. 4)Being more careful, you can make fewer mistakes. 5) Laughing and talking, they went into the classroom. 6) (Though) Working very hard, he still failed the exam.,六、doing 作状语-对句子的谓语动词加以补充,1. 表示时间、原因、结果、条件、方式、伴随、让步等，相当于对应的状语从句。,2. 有时可在doing/ done 前可加连词: when, while, si
22、nce, before, after , if, unless, though等表示时间，条件，让步等。,1) Since leaving school, Ive met him only once. 2) While / When cooking, she cut one of her fingers. 3) I wont go to the party unless invited. 4) Though / Although having lots of money, he is not happy.,The snow lasted a week, resulting in a bad t
23、raffic confusion. 2)Her mother died, leaving her with younger brother only. 3)He ran all the way to the cinema, (only) to be told the film was over. 4)He hurried home, only to find nobody in.,3. doing 做结果状语表示必然导致的结果，相当于一个非限定性定语从句，其逻辑主语可以是前面的整个句子，前可有副词： thus / thereforeto do 做结果状语表示出乎意料的结果，前常有 only修饰
24、，其逻辑主语须和句子的主语一致,He devoted all his energy to his job _ as a fool by his colleagues. being considered B. to be considered C.to have been considered D. having been considered,B,All the researchers worked very hard, _ an efficient system. A. only to create B. thus created C. having created D. thus crea
25、ting,D,The old man fell over his own feet, _ the slope.to roll down B. rolled C. rolling down D. having rolled down,C,4. doing做状语时，其逻辑主语和句子主语一致 Seeing from the mountain, we found a beautiful village Seen from the mountain, the village is beautiful,Seeing nobody at home, he decided to leave them a no
26、te. 2) Chinese people eat using chopsticks. 3) Not finishing his work, he didnt go home.,*下列 doing 不必考虑是否和句子主语一致 Generally / honestly / strictly speaking, Judging from / by Considering / takinginto consideration Supposing,假如,_ your different levels, not all the exercises have to be done.Considered B
27、. To consider C. Considering D. Considered,C,1) Nobody being in the room, I didnt go in. 2) Greetings being over, they got down to work. 3) All the guests having arrived, the dinner began 4) There being no evidence of his crime, he was set free.,5. doing作状语时，如其逻辑主语与句子主语不一致，需在 doing前加名词或代词，构成独立结构, 即：
28、n. / pron. + doing,eg. - It being hot, we decided to stay at home.-Time permitting, we will go on a trip to the Great Wall.- There being a fallen tree across the street, our car cant go through.,独立结构的其他形式：n. / pron. + to do eg. Nobody to help us, we cant get the work done.n. / pron. + done eg. Her f
29、ather passed away, nothing left to her, The clothes washed, we went to bed.n. / pron. + adj. / adv. eg. The door open, he fell asleep. / The light on, he fell. n. / pron. + prep eg. He stood there, book in hand.,*He stood there, with a book in his hand,1. _ anything about the accident, he went to wo
30、rk as usual. A. Not known B. Known not C. Knowing not D. Not knowing 2. The next morning she found the man _ in bed, dead.A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying,D,A,3._ the letter, he went out to post it. A. Writing B. Being writing C. Having written D. Written,4. “Cant you read?“ Mary said _ to the notic
31、e. A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. Angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing,C,A,5. _from heavy pollution for a long time, the villagers decided to clear the river. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered,6. _ your composition carefully, you can at least avoid some spelling m
32、istakes. Check B. To check C. Having checked D. If you check,A,D,7. The bell _the end of the period rang, _ our heated discussion. indicating, interrupting B. indicated, interrupting C. indicating, interrupted D. indicating, to interrupt,A,_, he dared not go here and there. With money in pocket B. Money in pocket C. Some money in his pocket D. Money was in his pocket,B,
