英语语音教学课件 -.ppt

1、英语语音教学,杨萌 西安外国语大学,英语语音学习内容,英语发音的三种口型 英语音标的发音要领、盲点及辨析 辅音连缀 / 连读 失去爆破 /单词、语句重音 停顿/ 语调,圆唇（Round lips）- 收势口型,要领： 嘴张圆。嘴唇动作要收紧或收小。切忌松弛。要有绷紧，张不开的感觉。要注意控制嘴唇的运动幅度，幅度过大发音部位会前移。 圆唇音： : : 等。,扁唇（Spread lips）- 外延口型,发音要领： 要有控制地将嘴唇用力外延。不可无限制地外延。外延时嘴角要绷紧。 扁唇音：: : 等。,前趋唇（Protruding lips） -收缩口型,要领： 收唇，前撅，收小，略外翻。嘘声口型。

2、前趋唇音：，等。,传统国际音标与新音标对照表, : : : : : : ,D : : ,元音音标：（24）,短元音：( /) u/) 长元音： : :双元音： ,辅音（26）半元音（2）,辅音： 半元音： ,英语基本音素的发音要领和技巧的学习,i: 的发音要领及字母组合,发音时舌尖抵下齿，舌前部抬高，口型扁平，成微笑形。音长。 cheese, we，feed，see, three, weekend, queen, CD eat, dream, seat, read, ceiling, people,单元音i:的盲点与辨析,1. 长元音短化：seat-，teacher- , fourteen-f

3、: 2. 单元音双元音化：three- r, read-rd 原因：上下齿间距过大，发音时口型有变动，嘴角未绷紧。 3. 母语化：i:-汉语的衣。 原因：舌尖未抵下齿，嘴外延得不够，嘴唇未绷紧。发音时 舌部过于紧张，舌头同口腔中的空气产生了摩擦。,发音练习,Conversation: A: Tea or coffee? B: Tea for Lee and coffee for me, please. Im pleased to meet you., 的发音要领及字母组合,位于重读音节中和非重读音节中间。 发音时舌尖抵下齿，舌前部抬高，舌两侧抵上齿两侧，唇、舌、颊放松，口型扁平，音短。较之i音

4、发音时舌位略靠后，是松口元音。发音时唇、舌略紧，重读。例：chips，English, live等，该音不容易发准确。发好该音的窍门：模仿时钟的滴答声和英文名字Dick的发音：Tick, tick, tick, Dick, Dick, Dick。舌尖清点下齿，嘴角绷紧：big, big, big, pig, pig, pig,it, is, in, ill, six, sit, big, this, dinner, listen, sing, pink, fix, chips, pill, jigsaw, chopstick, visit, biscuit, picture, instead

5、eraser, England, jacket, subject, glasses, eleven, 位于非重读音节末尾。发音时唇、舌略松弛。较之音发音时舌位略靠前，发音较轻。是紧口音。 busy, easy, teddy, city, party, naughty, monkey, worry, hungry, lovely, merrily,单元音 的盲点,1. 短元音长化：ship-:p, sit-s:t, glasses- l:s:z 2. 他音化：winter-wnt, sit down -t, six- subject-bt sorry- 3. 母语化: - 衣 big -毕, l

6、ive-利v,发音练习,1. Jim gives Lily a big kiss. 2. His little sister is sitting in the middle. 3. It is still winter not spring yet. Chant: Two little kittens are sitting on the hill, one is Bill, one is Jill. Run away Bill, run away Jill. Come back Bill, come back Jill.,e的发音要领及字母组合,舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起,舌位比: 低，舌前

7、部用力。唇型中长，嘴角绷紧。上下齿间一个食指尖的间距，音短。 bed, red, pet, wet, then, yes, mess, desk, ten, instead, headache, sweater, test, pen, seven, spell, telephone again, elephant, clever, yellow, welcome,单元音e的盲点,1.口型错误：嘴唇外延得不够，上下齿间距过宽， 如：letter-lt bed-bd 2. 单元音双元音化：red-rad letter-lat 2.他音化：friend-frnd ten-tn 3.母语化：读成汉语的

8、哀; lesson-l哀sn,发音练习,Sentence: He gets up at seven everyday. Verse: Good,better,best, Never let it rest; Till good is better, And better best.,的发音要领,舌尖抵下齿；舌前部稍抬高。舌位比e低，扁平唇型，上下齿间两个指尖的间距。音短。 bat, hat, cap, map, bag, can, man, back, thank, stand, hand, panda, hamburger apple, animal, camel, happy, Satur

9、day,音的盲点与辨析,圆唇扁唇化：bag-b cat-et 单元音双元音化：back-ba black-bla 他音化：thank-nk stand-stnd hamburger-hmb: 母语化：读成中文的哀，如： apple- 哀pl, camel- 开ml， saturday 塞turday 原因：口型未控制好，齿间间距或过大或过小，舌位不到位；发音部位或太靠前或太靠后。,发音练习,Tongue twister: Cat, cat, catch that black rat!,:的发音要领与字母组合,口张大，双唇微收，后舌位，舌身压低,平放并后缩，舌尖不抵下齿。 art, car, c

10、ard, hard, park, smart, start fast, last, past, classroom, sunglasses half, afternoon, vase, father,:音的盲点与辨析,长元音短化及宽口型窄化： fast-fst, smart-smt 母语化：: -汉语啊 art-啊t， last- 辣st, start- s大t 原因：口型，舌位不到位。嘴唇过于松弛，口型不够宽，发音部位过于靠前。,:音的发音练习,Sentence: Its far to the farm from the park.,的发音要领与字母组合,开口度小于:，舌尖和舌端两侧轻抵下齿

11、，舌根靠前部分稍抬起，唇型稍扁，嘴角绷紧。 come, love, front, glove, monkey, one, worry, colour, lovely, welcome, stomach, mother us, run, up, duck drum,jump, mum, puddle, number, hungry, lunch, under, summer, Butterfly,音的盲点与辨析,1. 短元音长化：lovely-:, us-: 2. 扁唇圆唇化: glove-: 3. 母语化：读成汉语的啊 summer-仨 ， love-辣 原因：嘴唇外延不够。上下齿间间距过大。

12、嘴角未绷紧。,音的发音练习,I wonder whos coming for lunch said my brother under the bunch. Come to the front on the double. The monkeys are funny., 的发音要领与字母组合,发音时舌身平放，舌中部略隆起，双唇扁平。 monster, ruler, teacher, under, poster, eraser, firecracker, summer, trousers. winner, clever, sweater, footballer, hamburger, aftern

13、oon,again, panda, zebra, elephant, woman, England, Japan, China, colour, Saturday, merrily pilot, open, Christmas, 音的盲点与辨析,短元音长化：ruler-:l: afternoon- ft:u:n 母语化：读成汉语的饿；teacher-ti:车 儿音化：panda- China- 原因：舌位不到位：中元音-前元音，卷舌。唇型错误：嘴唇未外延或外延过度。清读重读化。,音的练习,The farmers sister is a doctor. The monsters eating a

14、 hamburger merrily.,:的发音要领与字母组合,发音时舌中部比发音时略高。双唇扁平。 bird, girl, shirt, birthday, purple, hamburger， work,:音的盲点与辨析,1. 长元音短化：birthday-de 2. 扁唇圆唇化或前趋化：bird-bd work-w:k 3.他音化：girl-gl 4.母语化：purple-坡pl hamburger ham拨g 原因：嘴唇外延不够，舌位不对（中元音，舌头中部用力），发音长度不够，发音时嘴部周围肌肉过于松弛。,:音的发音练习,Thirty German girls were working

15、 in that firm for thirty years.The early bird catches the worm (first).,音的发音要领与字母组合,发音要领： 发音时口张大，双唇稍稍收圆。舌身尽量降 低并后缩，舌根下陷，软腭上抬，口腔后部 喉咙大开发声。 dog, oclock, box, fox, frog, song, sorry, long, shop, doll, chopsticks, module, orange, on, watch, wash, want, cough, crayon,音的盲点与辨析,1.圆唇前趋化：dog-: 2.单元音双元音化：frog-

16、au doll-dl 3. 他音化：watch-w: 4. 母语化：读成汉语的奥: cough-k奥f， 饿:what- w饿t 原因：下舌位音发成前舌位音。嘴唇在发音 时有移动，或唇型不标准,未张圆。,音的练习,Sentence: Sorry, I forgot to lock the box. Proverb: A little pot is soon hot.,:音的发音要领及字母组合,要领： 发音时舌后部抬得比高，双唇收得更 圆更小，略前趋, 音长。 morning, fork, shorts, horse, airport, all, small, ball, walk, naugh

17、ty, autumn, door, floor, jigsaw, warm, blackboard, four,:音的盲点与辨析,小口型放大化：morning- 下舌音上舌音化：autumn- 单元音双元音化：shorts- horse- 原因：未控制好唇型；嘴唇未收紧前 趋，舌根没有用力下凹。,:音的练习,Sentences: Mr. Shorthouse snores worse than a horse.My daughter-in-law whos forty-four is a lawyer.,u的发音要领及字母组合,要领： 发音时舌后部抬起，舌身后缩，舌尖离开下齿。双唇稍收圆，前趋

18、。用舌根小动作发音。 good, book, look, classroom, football, put, woman,音的盲点与辨析,短元音长化：classroom- : 他音化：good- 母语化：读成汉语的务：foot-富 原因：口型错误；嘴唇未收圆前趋，没用舌根小动作发音。, 音的练习,Sentences: Look at the cook-book, its really good. He took the butcher as the cook. Tongue twister: How much wood would a woodchuck chuck if a woodchuc

19、k could chuck wood.,u:的发音要领及字母组合,要领： 发音时舌后部尽量抬起，舌位比高。唇 收圆并前趋。口形比稍小。too, cool, balloon, school, afternoon, ruler,use, music, flute, fruit, juice， you, soup, two, blue, shoe,u:音的盲点与辨析,长元音短化：cool- ruler 单元音双元音化：you- 母语化：读成汉语的屋; too-吐 原因：嘴唇未收圆，未前趋，发音时唇型有滑动。,: 音的练习,Sentences: How do you do? You look real

20、ly cool. Its too soon to be true. Do you want a pair of new shoes or boots?,的发音要领与字母组合,要领： 先发音，口型略比大，然后滑向音。双唇稍扁，口形从半开到合。 game, name, make, headache, late, lake, plane, cake, racing, wait, rain, train, play, Friday, way, X-ray, say, crayon, great, eight,音的盲点与辨析,双元音简化：way, play等词后面的音 被省略了。 他音化：train-:

21、, rain-: 母语化：读成汉语的诶: make-妹k, late-累t 原因：口型不正确，没有滑动 (从半开到 合)。, 音的练习,Proverb: No pain, no gain. Verse: Rain, rain, go away, little Johnny wants to play. Song Make a cake, make a cake, put it on the plate. Make a cake, make a cake, I cant wait.,的发音要领与字母组合,先发音，然后滑向音。舌尖抵住下齿。发此音的关键是要把音发足，注意从开到合的滑动。口型由宽变扁

22、。 I, fine, five, bike, mine, nine, knife, ride, white, science, time, idea, Friday, driver, high, life, like, pilot, China try, by, Goodbye,音的盲点与辨析,双元音简化：nine, high 他音化：fine-, five- 母语化：读成汉语的爱：time-太mChina- 拆 原因：口型不正确，没有滑动。喉腔未打开，下舌音发成上舌音。, 音的练习,Proverbs:A stitch in time saves nine.Out of sight, out

23、of mind.,的发音要领与字母组合,发音时双唇从圆到扁，口形从开到合。发好这个音的关键是首先要把后元音发足，然后滑向音。 boy, toy, point, soil, oil, point, noise, toilet,音的盲点与辨析,双元音多音化：toy-t 他音化：point-p boy- 母语化：读成汉语的傲一 :boy-抱一 原因：下舌音发成上舌音，舌根上抵，喉腔夹紧并且滑动速度过慢。, 音的练习,Sentence: The spoiled boy wants more toys. Soybean oil is my choice.,的发音要领与字母组合,由中元音滑向后元音，舌位由

24、半低到高，口形由半开到小。由扁唇到前趋唇。注意将音发足。 yellow, window, row hello, no, go, old, OK, clothes, cold, poster, goal boat,音的盲点与辨析,双元音单音化：window-wndo 母语化：读成汉语的欧；go-够 原因：舌位及口型错误，没有变化及滑动（由半开到小，由扁唇到前趋唇）。,音的练习,Sentence: Go and open the window, Joe, and show me the photo. Song: Row, row, row your boat, gently down the st

25、ream. Merrily, merrily, merrily, merrily, life is like a dream.,的发音要领与字母组合,由前元音滑向后元音，舌位由低到高，口形由大到小。注意将音发足。 mouse, house, count, trousers, how, now, down, our,音的盲点与辨析,双元音单音化：mouse- 他音化：count- 母语化：读成汉语的澳；now- 闹 原因: 未收唇前趋。舌根未下凹，发音时舌位过于靠前。,音的练习,Sentences:How about going down town?I found a mouse in the

26、house. Chant: Robert Rowley rolled a round roll round; A round roll Robert Rowley rolled round, Where rolled the round roll Robert Rowley rolled round?,的发音要领与字母组合,由音滑向音。前面的音发得较清楚，后面的较弱。双唇始终半开。此音一定要发足。 ear, dear, tear, fear, beard, year, cheer, beer, Idea, real Here, zero theory,音的盲点与辨析,短元音长化：idea- :

27、 加入其他音：hear- ,音的练习,We are near the end of the year.His beard has nearly disappeared into his beer.,的发音要领与字母组合,从音滑向音。发音时舌尖抵下齿，前舌略抬起，双唇半开，此音中的略宽，舌位高度在和之间。音较低。 where, there, airport, hair, wear, bear careful their,音的盲点与辨析,窄口型宽大化： where-w 加入其他音：hair- 原因：口型、舌位错误，滑动不够快。滑动过 程中舌位变高。,音的练习,Proverb: Where ther

28、es a will theres a way.Sentence: Therere some pears on the chair downstairs.,的发音要领与字母组合,发音时，嘴唇从收圆到半开。发好这个音的关键是首先要把音发足，然后滑向音sure, pure, poor, tour, fewer, newer,音的盲点与辨析,短音长化：sure- : 小音大音化：tour- : 母语化：读成汉语的屋饿；poor-铺饿 原因： 口型错误：嘴唇前趋及外延过度。不是用舌根作小动作发音，而是用舌前部发的音。,音的练习,Sentence: These newer attractions are

29、sure to lure the tourists.,英语辅音介绍,爆破音：pbtdk -清辅音：(voiceless sound）ptk -浊辅音：(voiced sound) bd 摩擦音：fvsz rh 破擦音：td 舌边音： 鼻音：,英语中的半元音, ,音的发音要领和字母组合,双唇爆破辅音：发音时双唇紧闭，憋住气，然后突然分开，气流冲出口腔，发出爆破音。是清辅音，发音时声带不振动。 people, pet, prince, pill, pilot, put, park, play, plane, airport, chips, jump, shop,p 音的练习,Sentences:

30、Practice makes perfect. Paul plays the piano perfectly. Do you prefer peaches or pineapples? Tongue twister: Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled pepper. Did Peter Piper pick a peck of pickled pepper? If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled pepper, Wheres the peck of pickled pepper Peter Piper picke

31、d?,的发音要领和字母组合,双唇爆破辅音：发音时双唇紧闭，憋住气，然后突然分开，气流冲出口腔，发出爆破音。是浊辅音，发音时声带振动。 bat，bike， bite， by， biscuit， bus footballer，hamburger cab, tab, job,b音的练习,Sentences： Youd better behave! Barry found a big bug in his bed. Bob brought us some bread but no butter.,t音的发音要领和字母组合,舌齿爆破辅音。发音时舌尖抵上齿龈，憋住气，然后突然分开，使气流冲出口腔，发出爆破

32、音。t是清辅音，发音时声带不振动。 taxi， teddy， time， too， toy，test, T-shirt， sweater，gently，visit，wait, wet，subject，elephant， light, fight letter, little,t音的练习,Phrases: time table，from ten to ten, a tennis racketTongue twister: This is a hat, that is a cap. This is a cat, that is a rat. The cat is in the hat, the r

33、at is in the cap.,d音的发音要点和字母组合,舌齿爆破辅音：发音时舌尖抵上齿龈，憋住气，然后突然分开，使气流冲出口腔，发出爆破音。d是浊辅音，发音时声带振动。 bed，dad， need， deer，date，dip，dig，do， duck， add, middle, sudden,d音的练习,Sentences: So you have a needle and thread? The doorman told David to go down. Does your doctor get paid on Friday?,k音的发音要点和字母组合,舌后软腭爆破音：发音时舌后部

34、隆起紧贴软腭，憋住气，然后突然分开，气流送出口腔，形成爆破音。k是清辅音，发音时声带不振动。 kill，keen，kite，kick，back，pick，duck, cast，come，cap，cave，card，cough, lake，make，steak,k 音的练习,Sentences： Dont kick the kitten. Kate is flying a kite in the sky. Cut your coat according to your cloth. Mike paid a halfcrown to cover the cost of the cleaning.,

35、音的发音要点和字母组合,舌后软腭爆破音：发音时舌后部隆起紧贴软腭，憋住气，然后突然分开，气流送出口腔，形成爆破音。是浊辅音，发音时声带振动。 gap，gum，give，glove，get，go, goal，great，bag， pig dialogue, league, ghost, guest, guard, guide exact, example, exhaust,g音的练习,Proverb: A good beginning makes a good ending. Sentences: He is digging in his garden. Maggie played the ga

36、me again and again.,f音的发音要点和字母组合,唇齿摩擦辅音。发音时下唇轻触上齿，气流由唇齿间缝隙中通过，形成摩擦音。 f 是清辅音，声带不振动。 four, five, fox, face, film, fire football, floor, fly, friend frog front, careful, beautiful half, calf, life, knife Laugh, enough off, office phrase, physics,f音的练习,Sentences: If I feel better on Friday, Ill go to my

37、 friends party. If you buy fish, make sure its fresh. If Fred laughs, he looks funny.,v音的发音要点和字母组合,唇齿摩擦辅音。发音时下唇轻触上齿，气流由唇齿间缝隙中通过，形成摩擦音。v是浊辅音，声带振动。 very, visit, voice, vase, clever, driver, Of, TV, glove, have, move, live, love, lovely, five,v音的练习,Sentences: Five and seven make twelve. All English vow

38、els are voiced. Therere some very fine views down the valley.,m音的发音要点和字母组合,双唇鼻辅音。发音时软腭下垂，双唇紧闭，气流从鼻腔送出。在词末尾时须略微延长，以防止吞音。 make, mat, mess, math, mouse, man, morning, jump, stomach, animal, woman, computer, small, smart, summer, dream, them, mum, time, name, warm, game, come, drum, some, welcome, class

39、room,m音的练习,Sentences: Mom has many things to do at home. May I offer you some lemonade? Its not a matter of money but a matter of time. Some of us may stay till Monday.,n音的发音要领,舌尖齿龈鼻辅音。发音时舌尖抵上齿龈，形成阻碍，软腭下垂，气流从鼻腔送出。在词末尾时须略微延长，以防止吞音。 no , name, nine, nothing, seven, ten, green, open, down, crayon, pen,

40、 balloon, afternoon, can, on under pencil rainbow, window stand, thank, front, point, count, and, friend,n音的发音练习,Sentence: Noras new dress is green. How many stone animals are near here?Proverb:Never too old to learn.,音的发音要点和字母组合,舌后软腭鼻辅音。发音时软腭下垂，堵住口腔通道，气流从鼻腔送出。声带振动。 English, sing, song, long, mornin

41、g, ceiling, spring,音的练习,Sentences: The dog hung out its long tongue. Were planning to travel to US this spring. Ling ling is listening to an English song.,l音的发音要领和字母组合,舌端齿龈边浊辅音。发音时舌尖及舌端紧贴上齿龈，舌前向硬腭抬起，气流从舌旁边送出。当此音为尾音时，将舌端抵住上齿龈，舌前下陷，舌后上抬，舌面形成凹槽。发音时声带振动。 late, listen, live, love, late, look, like, leave

42、, lunch colour, yellow, hello floor, play, please, clean, glove, fly, flute, clock, cold, film, milk small, all, doll, ball, cool, pencil, girl, school apple, middle, bicycle,不发音的l,palm, calm, calf, talk, walk, chalk, could, would, should, half, behalf, salmon, Lincoln,l音的练习,Sentences： What a beauti

43、ful bicycle! Michael! Be careful! I like to eat salmon for lunch. Isnt that little bottle beautiful?,音的发音要领和字母组合,舌齿摩擦辅音：发音时舌尖轻触上齿背，气流由舌齿间送出，形成摩擦音。是清辅音，发音时声带不振动。 throw，thank，think，thick，thought，bath，faith，both，breath，mouth，cloth tenth，thirsty，three,音的练习,Phrases: Three times three. To go south and nor

44、th.Sentences： Thank you for your table cloth.,音的发音要领和字母组合,舌齿摩擦辅音：发音时舌尖轻触上齿背，气流由舌齿间送出，形成摩擦音，是浊辅音，发音时声带振动。 though，than，them，bathe，breathe clothe，with,音的练习,Sentences: Dont bother them. Theres something wrong with the soup. Chant: This is used for one thing near, That means one thing over there. These a

45、nd those mean two or more, Those are far and these are near.,s音的发音要领和字母组合,舌齿摩擦辅音：发音时舌端靠近齿龈，气流由舌端齿龈间送出，形成摩擦音。s是清辅音，发音时声带不振动。 Saturday，small，same，save，sell，sick， sing，spring， ice，face，price，race， mouse，poster，past，house,s音的练习,phrases: a swimming suit a sweet smiling faceTongue twister: Sally sells sea shells on the seashore, the shells she sells are seashells Im sure.,