1、神游欧洲,欧洲城堡,喜欢旅游喜欢照相可是缺钱少闲哪里也去不了只能每天闷头干活挣柴米钱。好在有一群好朋友经常发来一些好照片了我心愿。有了好事憋不住乐拿出来与大家同享。你若不差钱有闲空能够满世界游逛这些照片不看也罢实地观赏印象更深刻。也可以与我一样有心无力不妨一起神游一趟没吃过猪肉至少还见过猪跑也不枉人世走一遭。这几句话得贴在每篇的顶上以免有人误以为这些照片是我拍的岂不愧死我也。,城堡是欧洲的一个特色。风格迥异的城堡星罗其布地分布在欧洲各地。欧洲城堡的起源要追朔到中世纪。当时欧洲各国国王都有一群支持他的骑士国王依靠骑士看家护院扩展疆土。但是国王也不富裕养不起这么一大帮闲人就把自己的国土分封给骑士们
2、让他们自稚珐o到打仗时再召集在一起。骑士们为了保护自己的利益就在分给自己的世袭领地里建起兼具生活和防御的堡垒。从而给我们留下了这些因风俗环境而各不相同的城堡。,The Chteau de Chaumont is a French castle. It was the first chteau at Chaumont-sur-Loire, Loir-et-Cher, France. It was built by Eudes II, Count of Blois, in the 10th century with the purpose of serving as a fortress to p
3、rotect Blois from attacks.,The Chteau de Chenonceau is a castle near the small village of Chenonceaux, in the Indre-et-Loire dpartement of the Loire Valley in France. It was built on the site of an old mill on the River Cher, sometime before its first mention in writing in the 11th century. The curr
4、ent manor was designed by the French Renaissance architect Philibert Delorme.,The Castle of the La Mota or Castillo de La Mota is a reconstructed medieval fortress, located in the town of Medina del Campo, (Valladolid, Spain). It is so named because of its location on an elevated hill, a mota, from
5、where it dominates the town and surrounding land. The adjacent town came to be surrounded by an expanding series of walls in subsequent years, of which little remains. La Mota is made from local red brick, utlilizing stone only for some details. It has been protected by the state as a site of cultur
6、al interest, or Bien de Inters Cultural since 1904.The castle itself was reconstructed in the twentieth century. Reconstruction was mainly pursued by the Falange government of Francisco Franco, who had a nostalgia for structures having links to the Catholic Kings,The chteau of Azay-le-Rideau was bui
7、lt from 1515 to 1527, one of the earliest French Renaissance castles. Built on an island in the Indre River, its foundations rise straight out of the water.,The royal Chteau at Amboise is a chteau located in Amboise, in the Indre-et-Loire dpartement of the Loire Valley in France, Built on a promonto
8、ry overlooking the Loire River to control a strategic ford that was replaced in the Middle Ages by a bridge, the chteau began its life in the eleventh century, when the notorious Fulk Nerra, Count of Anjou, rebuilt the stronghold in stone.,Cheverny is a commune in the Loir-et-Cher dpartement in cent
9、ral France.It lies in the Loire Valley, about 10km (6.2mi) southeast of Blois.,Castle Jemeppe is a castle in Belgium.,Le Mont-Saint-Michel is a rocky tidal island and a commune in Normandy, France. It is located approximately one kilometre off the countrys north coast, at the mouth of the Couesnon R
10、iver near Avranches. The population of the island is 50.,Le Mont-Saint-Michel was previously connected to the mainland via a thin natural land bridge, which before modernization was covered at high tide and revealed at low tide. This has been compromised by several developments. Over the centuries,
11、the coastal flats have been polderised to create pasture. Thus the distance between the shore and the south coast of Mont-Saint-Michel has decreased. The Couesnon River has been canalised, reducing the flow of water and thereby encouraging a silting-up of the bay. In 1879, the land bridge was fortif
12、ied into a true causeway. This prevented the tide from scouring the silt round the mount.,Mont-Saint-Michel was used in the sixth and seventh centuries as an Armorican stronghold of Romano-Breton culture and power, until it was ransacked by the Franks, thus ending the trans-channel culture that had
13、stood since the departure of the Romans in AD 460.,The Castle of Jehay-Bodegne is situated in the municipality of Amay near Lige in Belgium.Since the end of the 17th-century the castle has been the propriety of the Counts van den Steen de Jehay. After the decease of the last Count van den Steen in 1
14、999 the castle and its collections were definitively acquired by the province of Lige. Most part of the current chteau dates from the beginning of the 16th-century. Of its medieval predecessor only some vaulted basements of the former keep, dating from the XIII century, remain. In the 19th-century t
15、he castle was extensively renovated and extended by the famous architect Alphonse Balat in a sober Gothic Revival style. The castle still functions as the residence of Count van den Steen. The beautifully decorated interior houses a collection of fine antique furniture, musical instruments, tapestry
16、, paintings and other art objects.,The Chteau de Sceaux in its formal park laid out by Andr Le Ntre lies at the heart of Sceaux, Hauts-de-Seine, not far from Paris. It houses the Muse de lle-de-France, a museum of local history. The former chteau was built for Jean-Baptiste Colbert, Louis XIVs minis
17、ter of finance, who purchased the domaine in 1670. The present chteau (illustration), designed to evoke the style of Louis XIII, dates from the Second Empire. Some of Colberts outbuildings remain, and the bones of the garden layout.,The Chteau de Sully-sur-Loire is a castle, converted to a palatial
18、seigneurial residence, situated in the commune of Sully-sur-Loire, Loiret, France.The chteau is the seat of the duc de Sully, Henri IVs minister Maximilien de Bthune (15601641), and the ducs de Sully. It is a chteau-fort, a true castle, built to control one of the few sites where the Loire can be fo
19、rded; the site has perhaps been fortified since Gallo-Roman times, certainly since the beginning of the eleventh century.1 In 1218, Philip Augustus constructed a cylindrical keep to the south of the present enclosure, of which buried foundations remain. Guy de la Trmoille, inheriting the fortress, u
20、ndertook the construction of the Donjon, flanked by four towers, beginning in 1395. To one side was added the Petit Chteau in the sixteenth century to provide more agreeable accommodation; Sully remodelled it. Sully bought the domaine in 1602, enlarged the park and the fortress; he strengthened the
21、embankments of the Loire to protect the town from occasional flooding.,Chteau de Valenay is a residence of the dEstampes and Talleyrand-Prigord families in the commune of Valenay, the Indre dpartement of France. Although geographically it is part of the province of Berry, its architecture invites co
22、mparison with the Renaissance chteaux of the Loire Valley, notably the Chteau de Chambord. The manor was praised as one of the most beautiful on earth by George Sand, who also noted that no king has owned a more picturesque park.The chteau, sited at the edge of a plateau that overlooks the little Na
23、hon river, was built on a royal scale by the dEstampes family of financiers over a period of some 200 years. Construction started in 1540 at the behest of Jacques dEstampes in place of the demolished 12th-century castle and was not completed until the 18th century, when the south tower was added.,Ma
24、intenon is a commune in the metropolitan area of Paris, France. It is located 63.5km (39.5mi). (39.5 miles) southwest of the center of Paris.Maintenon, together with the neighbouring commune of Pierres, form an urban area of 7,131 inhabitants (1999 census). This urban area is a satellite town of Par
25、is.Maintenon is known for its picturesque Chteau de Maintenon, first home to the family dAngennes, Marquis de Maintenon, later home of Madame de Maintenon, morganatic second wife of King Louis XIV.,Mespelbrunn Castle is a medieval moated castle on the territory of the town of Mespelbrunn, between Fr
26、ankfurt and Wrzburg, built in a remote tributary valley of the Elsava valley, within the Spessart forest. One of the most visited water castles in Germany.,The first precursor of Mespelbrunn Castle was a simple house. The owner was Hamann Echter, vizedom of Aschaffenburg, a title which means that he
27、 was the representant of the ruler the prince elector archbishop of Mainz Johann II of Nassau at the castle and town of Aschaffenburg. On May 1, 1412, the prince elector bestowed the Place to the Espelborn to Echter, who constructed a house without fortifications in the valley close to a pond. The E
28、chter family originates from the Odenwald region. Their name presumably means der die Acht vollstreckt, the executor of the ostracism. These times, the Spessart was a wild and unexploited virgin forest, used for hideout by bandits and Hussites, who spoiled the regions nearby. Therefore in 1427 Haman
29、n Echter, the son of the first owner, began to rebuild his fathers house to a fortified castle with walls, towers and a moat, therefore using the nearby pond.,Bodiam Castle is a quadrangular castle located near Robertsbridge in East Sussex, England. It was built in 1385 by Sir Edward Dalyngrigge, a
30、former knight of Edward III, with the permission of Richard II in order to defend the surrounding area from French invasion.,Windsor Castle, in Windsor in the English county of Berkshire, is the largest inhabited castle in the world and, dating back to the time of William the Conqueror, is the oldes
31、t in continuous occupation.1 The castles floor area is approximately 484,000 square feet (44,965 square metres).2Together with Buckingham Palace in London and Holyrood Palace in Edinburgh, it is one of the principal official residences of the British monarch. Queen Elizabeth II spends many weekends
32、of the year at the castle, using it for both state and private entertaining. Her other two residences, Sandringham House and Balmoral Castle, are the Royal Familys private homes.,Most of the Kings and Queens of England, later Kings and Queens of Great Britain, and later still kings and queens of the
33、 Commonwealth realms, have had a direct influence on the construction and evolution of the castle, which has been their garrison fortress, home, official palace, and sometimes their prison. Chronologically the history of the castle can be traced through the reigns of the monarchs who have occupied i
34、t. When the country has been at peace, the castle has been expanded by the additions of large and grand apartments; when the country has been at war, the castle has been more heavily fortified. This pattern has continued to the present day.,The Chteau de Courances at Courances (Essonne) is a French
35、chteau built in approximately 1630.The original chteau is known from the engravings of Isral Henriet and Isral Silvestre, about 1650. The evaluation of the property drawn up in 1638 mentions, apart from the manor house, four barns, a press-house, two wheat mills, and two mills straddling the river.
36、Above and beyond this is a mill called the fulling mill, with the forecourt of said chateau on one side, and the stream of the pond on the other, it says.,In the 18th century the house was modernized by Anne-Catherine Gallard, widow of Nicolas Potier de Novion, who opened up a proper cour dhonneur b
37、y demolishing the wall and entryway that had enclosed the courtyard. Later her granddaughter Lontine-Philippine de Novion and her husband Aymar de Nicolay further modernized the chteau (1775-1777) by opening new bays and applying a large pedimented center to each faade.,CHAMEROLLE (FRANCE),LIMBURGO
38、(BELGIUM),The Chteau dEu is a former royal residence in the northern French town of Eu.The chteau dEu stands at the centre of the town and was built in the 16th century to replace an earlier one purposely destroyed in 1475 to prevent its capture by the English. The chapel contains the tombs of Henry
39、 I, Duke of Guise, and his wife, Catherine de Clves, who embarked on the construction of the chteau in 1578. The building was completed almost a century later by the Grand Mademoiselle. Between 1830 and 1848, King Louis-Philippe used the chteau at Eu as his summer residence; it was later converted i
40、nto a museum in his memory.,Fontainebleau is a commune in the metropolitan area of Paris, France. It is located 55.5kilometres (34.5mi) south-southeast of the centre of Paris. Fontainebleau is a sous-prfecture of the Seine-et-Marne dpartement, and it is the seat of the arrondissement of Fontaineblea
41、u. The commune has the largest land area in the le-de-France region; it is the only one to cover a larger area than Paris itself.,Mercus is a commune in the Lot department in southwestern France.,Vigny is a small town and a commune in the Val-dOise dpartement, in the French region of le-de-France.,F
42、rdlant, sometimes cited also as Frdlant v echch is a town in the Liberec Region of the Czech Republic. In the 13th century the castle was held by the Ronovci House. Frdlant was first mentioned in 1278. Then Bohemian king Pemysl Otakar II removed the county from the Ronovci and gave it to Rulek of Bi
43、eberstein. Nowadays the castle consists of a gothic castle with a high tower and a Renaissance chateau. A museum opened for public was installed in the castle as early as 1801. Nowadays this castle belongs to most visited castles in the Czech Republic.,Butrn castle is located in Gatica in the provin
44、ce of Vizcaya in Spain.It dates originally from the Middle Ages, although it owes its present appearance to an almost complete rebuilding begun by Francisco de Cubas (also known as Marqus de Cubas) in 1878.The castle has a fairy-tale look about it inspired by Bavarian castle models.,Trousse Barriere
45、 is a castle in the Loiret department in north-central France.,BELVEDERE (AUSTRIA)In 1720-1723, the Upper Belvedere was built, originally intended simply to provide a suitable end to the main garden axis. The architect was again Johann Lukas von Hildebrandt. Once again there is a central Marmorsaalt
46、he site of the signing of the Austrian State Treaty, that formed modern Austria, May 15, 1955but the Schloss was soon enlarged to provide the main summer residence of Prince Eugene. Its painted ceilings are by Carlo Innocenzo Carlone, with an altarpiece in the chapel by Francesco Solimena.,The Chtea
47、u de Vaux-le-Vicomte is a baroque French chateau located in Maincy, near Melun, 55km southeast of Paris in the Seine-et-Marne dpartement of France. It was built from 1658 to 1661 for Nicolas Fouquet, Marquis de Belle-Isle (Belle-Ile-en-Mer), Viscount of Melun and Vaux, the superintendent of finances
48、 of Louis XIV.Vaux-le-Vicomte was in many ways the most influential work built in Europe in the mid-17th century, the most elaborate and grand house built in France after the Chteau de Maisons. Here, the architect Louis Le Vau, the landscape architect Andr le Ntre, and the painter-decorator Charles
49、Le Brun worked together on a large-scale project for the first time. Their collaboration marked the beginning of a new order: the magnificent manner that is associated with the Louis XIV style involving a system of collective work, which could be applied to the structure, its interiors and works of
50、art and the creation of an entire landscape. The gardens use of a baroque axis that extends to infinity is an example of this style.,The Castle of Beersel, is located in the Belgian town of Beersel, south of Brussels. It has 3 massive watchtowers, and is surrounded by a wide moat.The castle was firs
51、t mentioned in the 12th century. The present fortress was constructed by Godfrey of Hellebeek between 1300 and 1310 as a defensive base for Brussels. The castle was damaged during the war of succession of Brabant (1356-57), but was repaired just after that. During the rebellion against Maximilian of Austria, Beersel supported Maximilian, and the castle was sieged, taken and plundered by the Brusselians in 1489. It was only partially destroyed and restored after the war.,
