1、过去分词作定语 (Attribute),一颗破碎的心,丢失的孩子,已经升起的太阳,一 在句中的位置,单个的过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词前面；,a broken heart,the risen sun,a lost child,1. 过去分词知多少,惊恐的人们 预留的座位 被污染的水 拥挤的教室 打碎的花瓶 关了的门 疲惫的观众,terrified /astonished people reserved seats polluted water a crowded room a broken vase a closed door the tired audience,people
2、addicted to drugs,a novel written by Luxun,an old man supported by his son,a school built for orphans,过去分词短语作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词后面。相当于一个含有被动语态的定语从句。,染上毒品的人,鲁迅写的小说,被儿子抚养的老人,为孤儿修建的学校,单个过去分词修饰 something, everything, anything, nothing, somebody, nobody，those 等不定代词时，也要放在这些词后面。,Nothing reported ( in the news
3、paper) interested him.,不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只强调动作完成。,二 过去分词做定语时的意义,fallen leaves落叶； retired workers退休工人； the risen sun升起的太阳。,及物动词过去分词作定语，强调 1被动 2 被动完成,an honoured professor 一位受尊敬的教授 a guided trip 一次有导游的旅行,the broken glass 破碎了的杯子 the question discussed yesterday 昨天讨论的问题,1.语态上,He is the man swimming in the r
4、iver just now. He was reading a novel written by Charles Dickens.,过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的区别：,2.时间上,the rising sunthe risen sun,the falling leavesthe fallen leaves,boiling waterboiled water,a changing worlda changed world,the developing countrythe develoed country,过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的区别： 过去分词表示被动或完成； 现在分词表示主动或进行。
5、,总结：,I know the people building the house there.The house being built over there is a shop. The house built over there is a shop. The house to be built over there is designed by a famous architect,His book _ last year sells well. His book _ now will be on sale next year. His book _ next year will be
6、 his best one. The press(出版社) _ his book is famous in the city.,published,being published,to be published,publishing,publish,过去分词作表语,1.用作表语的过去分词被动意味很弱，主要表示动作的完成和状态，此时相当于一个形容词。,2.被动语态的过去分词被动意味很强,句子主语为动作的承受者，后面常跟by短语。, The glass was broken.The glass was broken by Tom., The windows are closed. The wind
7、ows are closed by Jack.,状态,动作,动作,状态,3.表示“感觉流露”的一些过去分词(如:interested,surprised, excited, frightened, shocked)和一些过去分词(如dressed, drunk, devoted, lost, known)常用作表语,表示状态.其中有些仅表示状态,毫无被动意味。, How did the audience receive the new play?They got very excited., She was very disappointed to hear the result., Hes
8、quite experienced in teaching beginners., How did Bob do in the exams this time?Well, his father seems pleased with his results.,C,该题考查分词作表语的用法。“to pay sb. by the hour” 计时给某人报酬。此题被动结构作表语。类似的有：get burnt, get hurt , get wounded.,Cleaning women in big cities usually get _by the hour.,A. pay B. paying C
9、. paid D. to pay,系动词 look, sound, smell, taste, feel become, get, turn, grow, fall, go, come stay, keep, remain seem, appear turn out, prove （证明是，结果是）,过去分词作定语和表语的区别:定语 放在名词和代词的前面或后面 表示动作完成或被动 表语 放在be 动词或系动词的后面说明主语的状态或特征,Sum up,As is known to us all, traveling is _, but we often feel _ when we are ba
10、ck from travels.A. interesting; tired B. interested; tiring C. interesting; tiring D. interested; tired,A,单选,2. Hearing the _ news, we all felt _.A. encouraging, encouraging, B. encouraged, encouragedC. encouraged, encouragingD. encouraging, encouraged,D,3. From the dates _ on the gold coin, it is c
11、onfirmed that was made five hundred years ago.A. marking B. marked C. to be marked D. having been marked,B,4. The _ look in her face suggested that she _ it before.surprising, wouldnt knowsurprised, hadnt knownsurprising, hadnt knownsurprised, shouldnt know,B,5. The picture writing _ long long ago i
12、s hard for us to understand today.having been drawn B. being drawn C. was drawn D. drawn,D,6. The man _ there is my uncle.A. seat B. seatingC. to seat D. seated,D,1 【2013北京】 21. Volunteering gives you a chance_lives, including your own. A. change B. changing C. changed D. to change,2 【2013天津】 10. In
13、 some languages, 100 words make up half of all words_in daily conversations. A. using B. to use C. having used D. used,3 【2013四川】 10. The airport _ next year will help promote tourism in this area. A. being completed B. to be completed C. completed D. having been completed,4【2013湖南】 29. You cannot a
14、ccept an opinion _ to you unless it is based on facts. A. offering B. to offer C. having offered D. offered,5【2013陕西】 14. The witnesses_by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight. A. questioned B. being questioned C. to be questioned D. having questioned,6【2013山东】 25. The room is empty except for a bookshelf _ in one corner. A. standing B. to stand C. stands D. stood,7【2013辽宁】 28. Laura was away in Paris for over a week. When she got home, there was a pile of mail _ for her. A. waited B. to wait C. waiting D. was waiting,
