1、Error-correction In New CET4、6,2009.12,题型分析,改错题通常选用一篇200词左右的短文，其中有10个语法结构和用词方面的错误，分布在除首句外的10行中。这些错误可能是因为用错了一个词或词形变化造成的，也可能是因为多用一个词或少用一个词造成的。用错的词可能是意义或形式容易混淆的词，可能是意义相反的词，也可能是造成语法错误或搭配错误的词；词形变化错误可能是词性、时态、语态、性、数、格等语法方面的错误。有的错误在同一短语或句子中一眼就能辨别，有的错误则必须在充分理解上下文的基础上才能识别。,解题策略,一、词汇用法错误,1固定搭配错误：主要是一些常用介词短语、动词
2、短语、形容词短语的误用，另外，一些固定句型中词汇的搭配也容易出错。对付此类错误的方法是大量记忆，熟悉这些固定的搭配。,例1：about an American who had been invited to an Arab meal at one of the countries of the Middle East,答案： at应改为in，in the country为固定介词短语搭配。,例2：，but such reasons are totally dependent in the balance of risks and benefits for the patients,答案：in应
3、改为on，dependent on为固定的形容词短语搭配。,例3：However，a second person thought that this was more a question of civilized behavior as good manners,答案：as应改为than，morethan为固定句型搭配，表示“与其说不如说”,2单词的混用：这种错误是指误用了某个在形式或意义上与正确的单词相似的单词。,例1：Between sunrise and sunset，streets and highways are a constant source of voice from ca
4、rs，buses and trucks.,例2：Immediately before him was a very flat piece of bread that looked，to him，very much as a napkin,答案：此处as应改为like，as与like都可作介词用，表示“像一样”时，应用like，而as表示“作为”。,答案： 原文讲述噪音污染，所以，此处的voice应改为noise。,二、篇章理解错误,1语意的颠倒：这类错误多指在语意表达上用了相反的词，造成上下文逻辑推理上的自相矛盾。做题前应该先阅读全文，领会上下文承接关系与语意关系。,答案：将present改为
5、absent才合乎逻辑,例：If he was present because of sickness， there was often no job for him when he returned,2指代关系的错误：这类错误主要指由于人称代词、物主代词及指示代词的误用，导致指示不清、逻辑混乱，甚至前后矛盾。细心推敲和全局观念是破解此类错误的关键。,答案：从原文看，此处指妇女涨工资、被提升的速度会大大地减缓。所以，its应改为their（妇女的）,例2：，he finds it pleasing he is influencing people：they are drawn to them,
6、例1：womens wages. A break in their employment， or a decision to work part time，will slow its raises and promotions,答案：them应改为him，指人们为他所吸引。,3连接词与关系词的错误：这类错误主要出现在定语从句与状语从句中，正确地分析句与句之间的逻辑关系，才能选择合适的连接词与关系词。,答案：原文讲述噪音污染，从上下文看，前后两句之间应为转折关系，而非条件关系，所以，连词if应改为but或though。,例2：Instead，this other person told us a
7、 story，it he said was quite well known,例1：It appears that we all find company in sound，if we all demand a little quiet from time to time,答案：后半句显然是一个非限制性定语从句修饰story，所以，应将it改为关系词which。,解题步骤,2）根据上述改错题中常见的出题点，按图索骥，对号入座。注意一时拿捏不准的题目可先跳过；,3)最后，再通读一遍全文，做好扫尾工作，解决难题，复查做好的题。,1)首先，通读全文，把握文章全貌，抓住文章主旨大意；,试题分析 Pas
8、sage 1,When we speak of a human need, we mean something which is unnecessary to life, something we can live with. 67 Food is a human need. We will starve to death if there 68 were no food on earth; but even if we have plenty of food, but of the wrong kind, our bodies will have problem from lack of t
9、he right food. This is known for malnutrition(营养不良）. 69,unnecessary 改为necessary,will改为would,for改为 as,试题分析,In countries where are not developed, mans food 70 needs are the same like in the most advanced societies We. 71 all need food and could live a good life on very few types of food. People in ver
10、y developed countries eat only the kinds 72 of food which can be grown near their homes, whereas people in developed countries eat foods which are often grown many thousands of miles away form their homes.,where改为which/that,like改为as,developed改为undeveloped,试题分析,People in undeveloped countries are hap
11、py with less different kinds of foods than people in very developed ones are, so we can say that despite the needs of the two kinds 73 of people are the same, their wants are different. People in very developed countries eat many different types of meatthey could live by only one, but they would be
12、very 74 unhappy because every time what they ate was the same. Even such special food as chicken would be less fun to 75 eat if you had them every day. But we cant just live on meatwe need other kinds of food like bread, rice, and vegetables which are no more necessary to our bodies. 76,despite改为alt
13、hough/though,by改为on,food改为foods,more改为less,试题分析 Passage 2,We live in a society in there is a lot of talk about 67 science, but I would say that there are not 5 percent of the people who are equipped with schooling, including college, to understand scientific reasoning. We are more ignorant of scienc
14、e as people with comparable 68 educations in Western Europe.,as 改为than,in 改为where,试题分析 Passage 2,There are a lot of kids who know everything about computershow to build them, how to take them apart, how to write programs for games. So if you ask them 69 to explain about the principles of physics tha
15、t have gone 70 into creating the computer, you dont have the faintest idea. 71 The failure to understand science leads to such things as the ignore of the human creative power. 72,So改为 But/However/Nevertheless,about去掉,you改为they,ignore改为neglect,试题分析 Passage 2,It also takes rise to a blurring(模糊) of t
16、he distinction 73 between science and technology. Lots of people dont differ between the two. Science is the production 74 of new knowledge that can be applied or not, since 75 technology is the application of knowledge to the production of some products, machinery or the like. The two are really ve
17、ry different, and people who have the faculty for one very seldom have a faculty for the other.Science in itself is harmless, more or less. But as soon as it can provide technology, it is not necessarily Harmful. No society has yet learned how to forecast the 76 consequences of new technology, which can be enormous.,takes改为gives,differ改为distinguish,since改为while,harmful改为harmless,
