1、,高三英语写作专题复习(二),English writing, Senior Three,How to write a Composition According toTables and Graphs,Part three:,Teaching aims and requirements: 1. Finding out the proper writing methods by analyzing an example of good writing. 2. Mastering how to writer a composition according to tables and graphs
2、 by imitating the sample. 3.Writing a composition yourself according to tables and graphs.(optional),范文赏析,Step 1 study an example of Good Writing,Teaching procedures,1.情景作文,某学校对中学生课余活动进行了调查， 结果如下。请根据图表1提供的信息描述 学生每天的课余活动，并针对图表2中 任何一个数据中反映的情况写出你的 一个看法。词数不少于60。 生词：图表chart,一、内容要点：1. 图表1中六项活动及所用时间2. 图表2中
3、一个数据反映的情况3. 自己的一个看法 二、说明：1. 内容要点可用不同方式表达。2. 对紧扣主题的适当发挥不予扣分。,2. A brief discussion of the writing process. A. What do you suppose the basic writing process of this essay should be ？ 1）Have a correct understanding of the given information，and grasp the main idea； 2）Make a careful analysis of the infor
4、mation，ask yourself the questions 3）Write an outline； 4）Use the right technique of writing（The most common techniques used in this kind of writing is：comparison and contrast） B. Questions over charts.,1. What is the main idea of chart 1 ?,the daily average amount of time , different after-class acti
5、vities.,2. How long do the studentsspend on their homework?,93 minutes,3. How much time does it take them to watch TV?,46 minutes,4.How much time does listening music and working on thecomputer take up ?,34 minutes and 30 minutes each,5. Do they have much time left for sports ?,25 minutes,6. Do they
6、 still have timefor housework?,12 minutes,7.Any comments on one of the data given in chart 2 ?,Little time for sports,8. Any suggestions ?,do more exercise,1.Chart 1 shows the daily average amount of time the students spend on different after-class activities.,2. The students put the most time93 min
7、utesinto their homework,3. watching TVtakes up 46 minutes,1. the daily average amount of time different after-class activities. 2. their homework 93 minutes 3.watch TV 46 minutes,3. Join the phrases into sentence,4. They put in about the same amount of time listening to music and working on the comp
8、uter, 34 minutes and 30 minutes each.,5. 25 minutes is spent on sports,6. 12 minutes goes into housework.,4. listening music and working on the computer 34 minutes and 30 minutes each 5. for sports 25 minutes 6. housework 12 minutes,10% of the time is taken up with sports activities,encourage the st
9、udents to do more exercise after class,7 . chart 2 : Little time for sports,8. suggestions,3.Demonstration and analysis of the example of good writingWhat do you appreciate most with the sample writing? Can you find out some good points?,Chart 1 shows the daily average amount of time the students of
10、 the school spend on different after-class activities. The students put the most time93 minutesinto their homework, and next in line is watching TV, which takes up 46 minutes. They put in about the same amount of time listening to music and working on the computer, 34 minutes and 30 minutes each. Wh
11、ile 25 minutes is spent on sports, only 12 minutes goes into housework. As is shown on Chart 2, only 10% of the time is taken up with sports activities. I think the school should encourage the students to do more exercise after class. This way, they may be healthier and more energetic.,Chart 1 shows
12、 the daily average amount of time the students of the school spend on different after-class activities. The students put the most time93 minutesinto their homework, and next in line is watching TV, which takes up 46 minutes. They put in about the same amount of time listening to music and working on
13、 the computer, 34 minutes and 30 minutes each. While 25 minutes is spent on sports, only 12 minutes goes into housework., main idea spend Put intoTake upPut inGo into补充说明inversion同位语contrast,As is shown on Chart 2, only 10% of the time is taken up with sports activities.I think the school should enc
14、ourage the students to do more exercise after class. This way, they may be healthier and more energetic., 定语从句 concerning, as to comments and suggestions形容词比较级,Step 2 Sum up the feature:Introduction This kind of writing is an information interpretation processThe information may be given in numbers，
15、lines or curves，etc，usually a few explanations are givenThe organization of the writing is essential to a good essay of tables and graphs Generally，it is as follows：,That is，in the first paragraph，you have to demonstrate the general situation of what has been reflected in the table or graph； Then，in
16、 the second paragraph，you have to analyze carefully the numbers，lines or curves，and point out the rate of increase or decrease； In the end，you have to write your own opinion or comment General introductionAnalysisConclusion概要介绍分析图表总结概括,Step 3: How to write a composition according to tables and graph
17、s 图表作文,1. Sample Item Directions：Write a composition based on the title and the following chart in no less than 120 wordsThe causes are given under the horizontal line and the percentage of the total of 80 fire incidents is given in the vertical column on the leftwrite clearly Leading Causes of Fire
18、s in China（1997）,2. Analysis of the Sample Item 1). The main idea of the graph is： Fire causes 2). From the graph，we know that there are three main causes of fires： aSmokers （nearly50） bDefective insulation （38） cChildren playing with matches （12） 3). Thus，we can，by comparing the above information，m
19、ake a comment of the main topic，then reach a conclusion,An analysis of the writings of the students,Model Essay From the graph above，we can see that fire，one of the most terrible killers in China，is mainly caused by smokers，defective insulations or children playing with matchesIn 1997，80 fire incide
20、nts took place in ChinaWhile nearly 50were caused by smokers，38 were caused by defective insulation，and 12were caused by children playing with matchesNo matter what the type of the fire，we can almost be sure that they were caused by carelessness,From the graph，we can conclude that smokers are the le
21、ading cause of fires，but we also need to educate our children，warning them of the dangers of playing with matches and instruct workers be more careful with insulation,Step 4. A Writing Practice 请根据下面曲线图（graph）“The number of car accidents in 2001”，写一篇文章。 1描述2001年不同月份汽车事故分布（distribution）及总趋势。 2描述汽车事故的
22、可能原因及对策。 3词数：100左右。 4参考词汇：高峰peak；多雨的日子rainy days。,Main points: Part 1: demonstrate the general situation 1. two peaks in accidents in 2001 2. March ,number of accidents :35 3. August , number of accidents :42 4. accidents decreasefrom August to December 5. the lowest point of the year :December Part
23、 2:Cause : rainy season ,spring and summer your own opinion or comments,From the graph，we can see that there were two peaks in accidents in 2001One was in March with the number of accidents 35The other was in August with the number of accidents 42，which was the highest point on the distribution line
24、From August，the number of car accidents decreased till it reached the lowest point of the year in December,The two peaks occurred in spring and summer，the two seasons which had most of the years rainDriving tends to be more dangerous on rainy daysMaybe the weather is the most important reason for ca
25、r accidentsBe careful，when you drive a car on rainy days,Task 2:A Extended and Unpredictable Story.,Sharing and Comments:Dealt with 6 passages.,English writing 高考书面表达回顾 -图表材料,Part four:,I. 1990 2005年高考书面表达题样回顾,1. 从内容和体裁上分,体 裁 内 容 历年书面表达,应用文,书 信（便条）对 话通 知（口头书面）请 柬,记叙文,说明文,介 绍,人 物,事 件,日 记 故事或经历 场 景 事
26、物,95, 99, 01, 02, 03, 04,94,91, 96,2000,92, 98, 93, 97,2. 从提示形式上分,提示形式,文 字,中 文 英 文,历 年 书 面 表 达,表 格,90, 91, 94, 04, 05,96, 2001, 2002,92, 93, 95, 97, 98, 99, 2000,图 画,结 论：,从上面两表看出：高考书面表达最常 见的是应用文和记叙文，所写内容都 与日常生活密切相关。,图文并茂,2003,II. 书面表达的五个步骤,仔细审题，找出主题 (Read the directions carefully, look through all t
27、he words or pictures given to you in order to find the main idea.),2. 认真阅读所给提示或图画，抓住所有细节，找出每幅图画或每个句子的中心词。 (Find out the key words ),Step 3. 把中心词或词组扩展成句子。 (Extend the words and phrases to sentences.),Step 4. 把以上句子编排成一个段落，在必要的地方加入 一些连接词或句子。 (Arrange these sentences in order, getting in some linking wo
28、rds where necessary.),Step 5. 通读全文，仔细检查。 (Read through the whole passage to make sure that no mistakes are made.),2000年高考题,根据下列图画中Tom骑自行车的经历，用英语写一篇短文。短文要写得连贯、完整。字数100字左右。,审 题,（以93年高考题为例）,为了配合国际动物周活动，一家英文杂志邀请各国学生提供有关动物的故事。请根据下列六幅图画，用英语为该杂志写一篇故事。,bark: vi. & n. 吠叫 注意： 1、故事必须包括所有图画的内容，可以适当增加细节，使故事连贯。 2
29、、词数100左右。,Picture 1:,go to work; take my sister and Ah Fu,Find out the key words in each picture：,Picture 2：,be working; play by the river,Find out the key words,pick a flower; fall into the river,Picture 3,Find out the key words,Picture 4,bark; jump into the river,Find out the key words,Picture 5,r
30、un to the river; swim; carry my sister,praise,Picture 6,Step 3. 把中心词或词组扩展成句子。 (Extend the words and phrases to sentences.), One day my parents went to work in the fieldstaking my little sister and Ah Fu along., go to work; take my sister and Ah Fu, While they were working, my sister walked toa river
31、 nearby., be working; play by the river, She was trying to pick a flower when shefell into the river., pick a flower; fall into the river, Ah Fu barked and jumped into the river immediately., bark; jump into the river, When my parents heard Ah Fu barking theyran to the river.They saw Ah Fu swimmingt
32、owards the bank carrying my little sister., run to the river; swim; carry my sister, My parents praised Ah Fu warmly., praise,Step 4. 把以上句子编排成一个段落，在必要的地方加入 一些连接词或句子。 (Arrange these sentences in order, getting in some linking words where necessary.),Step 5. 通读全文，仔细检查。(Read through the whole passage t
33、o make sure that no mistakes are made.),Model My parents live in the country. They keep a dog called Ah Fu. One day my parents went to work in the fields taking my little sister and Ah Fu along. While they were working, my sister walked to a river nearby. Ah Fu followed there. She was trying to pick
34、 a flower when she fell into the river. Ah Fu barked and jumped into the water immediately. When my parents heard Ah Fu barking, they ran to the river. They saw Ah Fu swimming towards the bank carrying my little sister. My parents praised Ah Fu warmly. It was our brave Ah Fu who saved my little sist
35、er.,III. 书面表达注意事项,Tip One,适当运用关联词等使句子更为流畅。,On one side of the road there is a new classroom building.On the other side,where the playground used to be now stands another new buildingour library. (NMET1999 范文),As far as I know, everyone is happy about this new arrangement of things.(NMET2001 范文),What
36、s more, I can go to bed earlier. (NMET2001 范文),使用恰当的连接词,1) You may stay at school. You may come to spend the holiday with us.,You may _ stay at _ come to spend the holiday with us.,either or,Rewrite the following sentences （请选取使用）,It is neither too cold nor too hot in spring.,2) It is not too cold i
37、n spring. It is not too hot,either. 3) a) Go to see the doctor at once.b) Your cold may get worse. （or/ otherwise）4) She finished her lessons. Then she went to bed. （Having done),Having finished her lessons, she went to bed.,Go to see the doctor at once, or/otherwise your cold may get worse.,5 a) Th
38、e teacher came into the classroom .b)He took a book in his hands.（with）6 a) We were about to leave last night.b) The phone in the living room began to ring.（when）,The teacher came into the classroom , with abook in his hands. .,We were about to leave last night when the phone in the living room bega
39、n to ring.,7). a) He has made great progress in his studies. b) All the teachers praise him.（suchthat）,He has made such great progress in his studies that all the teachers praise him.,8. a) Its too late to go to the cinema now.b) I have an important meeting to attend after lunch. Besides),Its too la
40、te to go the cinema now. Besides, I have an important meeting to attend after lunch.,Back,Help,9. a.This is the man. b.The man came to see you yesterday（who）,This is the man who came to see you yesterday.,Ladies and gentlemen,Welcome to our school ! This village is a small one with/which has nearly
41、100 families and about 500 people. It used to be very poor. However, it has changed a lot since 1978 and has been developing very fast. People here live a much better life than before . Now it is taking on a new look.In the past, the school here was very small and most children couldnt afford to go
42、to school. But now it has been rebuilt and the newly built teaching building which has 4 storeys is the most beautiful one in the village. All the school-age children can study here. Whats more, they enjoy free education. May you enjoy your stay here / May you have a pleasant time here! Thank you.,T
43、ip Two,避免使用没有把握、不熟悉的词汇和句型，避免可以避免的错误,My parents live in the country. They keep a dog called Ah Fu. One day my parents went to work in the fields taking my little sister and Ah Fu along. While they were working, my sister walked to a river nearby. Ah Fu followed there. She was trying to pick a flower
44、when she fell into the river. Ah Fu barked and jumped into the water immediately. When my parents heard Ah Fu barking, they ran to the river. They saw Ah Fu swimming towards the bank carrying my little sister. My parents praised Ah Fu warmly. It was our brave Ah Fu who saved my little sister., They
45、keep a dog called Ah Fu.,They have a dog with the name Ah Fu. They raise a dog that / which is called / namedAh Fu. c. They keep a dog whose name is Ah Fu., My parents praised Ah Fu warmly.,My parents patted Ah Fu on the head and praised him for his bravery.b. My parents were so glad that they patte
46、d Ah Fu on the head and praised him.,Tip Three,3. 留心汉英表达差异, 避免中式英语。,1) 父母对我们期望很高。,The hope of our parents is very high.,Our parents expect much from us.,2)他健壮如牛。 a. He is strong like a cow.,b. He is strong like a horse (as strong as a horse).,3) 高考,high exam ?,college entrance examination,Tip Four,书
47、写必须工整,确保不犯拼写 错误 (以避免丢冤枉分) 。,Writing Practice,Part five:,2000年高考题,根据下列图画中Tom骑自行车的经历，用英语写一篇短文。短文要写得连贯、完整。字数100字左右。,Helpful words: plate number 车牌号run away/ run off,AC864,One possible version: It was 7:15 on the morning of February 8,2000. It was walking along Park Road towards the east when an elderly
48、 man came out of the park on the other side of the street. Then I saw a yellow car drive up Third Street and make a right turn into Park Road. The next moment the car hit the man while he was crossing the road. He fell with a cry. The car didnt stop but drove off at great speed heading west. I notic
49、ed the driver was a young woman and the plate number was AC864. About two minutes later I stopped a passing car and took the old man to the nearest hospital. Li Hua,假如你是李华，你澳大利亚的朋友Johnson来信告知他今年十月将来北京工作，并打算买一套合适的房子。碰巧你在报纸上看到了一则售房广告。该房位于市中心，交通十分便利，四周绿化，环境优美。请根据广告图示，用英语给Johnson写一封信，介绍住房的情况，以征求意见。,Apartment Building,
