1、新目标 八年级(下)Unit 4,Section A,What did they say?,that they could fly.,They said,I am hard-working.,she was hard-working.,I am running.,he was running.,She said,He said,Lets talk about these questions.,What is a soap opera? Do you ever watch soap operas? What are some soap operas you know? 4. What are s
2、ome things that happen on soap operas?,soap operas,Soap opera is a TV show that is on every day and that shows the good things and the bad things that happen to a group of friends and family members.,1a,通常指一出连续很长时间的、虚构的电视剧节目, 每周安排为多集连续播出, 因此又称系列电视连续剧。源于西方, 现在一般指的是家庭妇女一边做家务, 一边心不在焉地收看的罗里罗嗦讲述家长里短的长篇连续
3、剧。它作为西方社会大众文化的重要内容, 早已经引起了越来越多研究者的兴趣。因最初常在播放过程中插播肥皂等生活用品广告, 故称“肥皂剧”。,What are some soap operas you know?,在英美等西方发达国家,每周都会有固定的播出时间给几部持续几年甚至数十年的肥皂剧(老友记(friends), (欲望城市(sex&city), (加冕街) (coronation street) 等等, 欣赏的观众层次也由最先的家庭主妇扩充到“雅皮士”(西方城市职业阶层中的年轻人士) 阶层。,老友记,欲望都市,Kids in the family,Young Lives,Marcia,La
4、na,Ben,1b Listen and number the statements 1-4 in the picture.,2,3,4,Marcia said she was having a surprise party for Lana on Friday night.,Marcia,Im having a surprise party for Lana on Friday night.,Lana thinks shes coming to my house to study.,Marcia said that Lana thought she was going to her hous
5、e to study.,Im mad at Marcia.,Lana said she was mad at Marcia.,Lana,be mad at 愤怒的, 狂怒的 She was mad at him for losing the match.,Im not going to her house on Friday night.,Lana said she was not going to Marcias house on Friday night.,2a Listen and circle true or false for each statement. 1. Ben told
6、Lana that Marcia was going to have a surprise party for her. true false 2. Lana said she wasnt mad at Marcia anymore. true false,3. Lana said that she wouldnt go to Marcias house on Friday night. true false 4. Marcia called everyone and told them she wasnt going to have the party. true false,5. Lana
7、 told Marcia she would bring some books to her house on Friday night. true false,2b. Listen again .What did the people on TV say? Circle answers.,not anymore = no more 不再bring sth. to sb. 把带来take sth. away 把拿走,Explanation,直接引语和间接引语(一)直接引述别人的原话, 叫做直接引语; 用自己话转述别人的话, 叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内, 间接
8、引语则不用引号。,直接引语改为间接引语时,除将引语部分变成宾语从句外,还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。,“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果直接引语的主语是第一人称，变成间接引语时，从句中的人称要和引号外的主句的主语人称一致。,(一)人称变化： 口诀：一主二宾，三不变。,He said: “I am hard-working every day.”,He said he was hard- working every day.,I want to drink milk.,The baby said _,she wanted to drink mil
9、k.,I am the most handsome,He said _,he was the most handsome,they were having a meeting,We are having a meeting,He told me_,they were having a meeting,“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若直接引语的主语是第二人称，变成间接引语时，从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：,He said to Kate， “You are a good girl.” He told Kate she was a g
10、ood girl。,You should say hello to me.,He told me_,I should say hello to him,The baby told his father_,You are kidding,he was kidding,You did a good job,He told me that _,I had done a good job,“,“三不变”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果直接引语的主语及宾语是第三人称，变成引语时，从句的人称一般不需要变化如： Mr Smith said ,“He is a good boy.” Mr Smith said
11、he was a good boy.,They are busy cooking.,He told me_-,they were busy cooking,She is my best friend,Tony told me_,she was his best friend,He said, “I dont like cleaning the room.”,时态变化,-He said he didnt like cleaning the room.,时态的变化:直接引语变为间接引语时,通常受转述动词said, asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态,即把原来的时态向过去推一个时态.,Direct
12、 speech,indirect speech,动词时态变化,直接引语,间接引语,amis,was,are,were,havehas,had,will,would,can,could,do,did,1) 一般现在时一般过去时态；She said: “ I am a student. ” She said (that) she_ a student. 2)一般将来时过去将来时She said, “He will go to see his friend.” She said he _ go to see his friend。 Tom said, “ I am going to play bas
13、ketball tomorrow.” Tom said he _going to play basketball tomorrow.,was,would,was,注意：以下几种情况时态 不变直接引语是客观真理。The teacher said“The earth moves around the sun ”The teacher said the earth moves around the sun.,直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：Jack said. “I was born on April 2l, 1980.“ Jack said he was
14、 born on April 21, 1980.,直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。Jack said. “I was doing chores when Tom came to see me” Jack said he was doing chores when Tom came to see him.,直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变He said, “I get up at six every morning。” He said he gets up at six every morning. 如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式不再变（例
15、：could, should, would, might） The doctor said, “You should stay in bed for 2 days.” The doctor said I should stay in bed for 2 days.”和已经是过去时的形式时，ought to， had better, used toPeter said. “You had better come here today.“ Peter said I had better go there that day.,Tom says, “ I am late for class.”Tom
16、said _ _ late for class. 2. Amy says, “ I am going to have a party for you .”Amy said _ _ going to have a party for me . 3. The boy says,“ I will go home after school.”The boy said _ _ go home after school. 4. Jack says, “My father is a doctor.”Jack said _ father _ a doctor. 5. The girl says, “I can
17、 speak English.”The girl said she _ speak English.,Exercises:,he was,she was,he would,his was,could,将直接引语改为间接引语： 1. “Im going home now.”she said.She said_ 2. “I will call you tomorrow morning.”Alice said to Tom.Alice _ Tom _ 3. “We are having a surprise party for Linda now.”Marcia said_ 4. “You can
18、do better.”His father said to him.His father _him _ 5. “I should try my best next time.” Jack thought.Jack thought _ 6. “Were not going to have lessons this afternoon.”The boy said to his father_ .,she was going home then.,told she would call him.,they were having a for then.,told he could do better
19、.,he should try his best the next time.,told,they were not going to have lessons that afternoon.,三、如何变状语： 直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规律， 时间状语由“现在”改为“原来” （例：now变为then, yesterday变为 the day before,today变为 that dayHe said, ”I want to go swimming now. ” He said he wanted to go swimming then. 地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，here 变
20、there The teacher said ,“ You should come here at 7:00.” The teacher said I should go there at 7:00. 指示代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”例：this 改为thatHe said, “This books is mine.“He said that book was his.,(四) 直接引语改为间接引语时,都使用陈述语序,但是因为原句的句式不同,所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。,1. 直接引语是陈述句 变间接引语时,通常由that引导,可以省略。 “I want the blue o
21、ne.” he told us. “我想要蓝色的。” 他说。 He told us (that) he wanted the blue one.,She said to me, “You cant settle anything now.” 她对我说: “此刻你无法解决任何事情。” She told me that I couldnt settle anything then. 她对我说那时侯我无法解决任何事。,2. 疑问句的间接引语直接引语如果是疑问句,变成间接引语后,相当于宾语从句,要用陈述语序,句末把问号换成句号,动词时态的变化和前面规则一致,引述动词常用ask, wonder, wan
22、t to know, inquire等。,疑问句一般有三种： (1) 一般疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时, 由whether或if 引导。 “Has he ever worked in Shanghai?”Jim asked. Jim asked whether/if he had ever worked in Shanghai. 书上的例子P101,Is he honest?,The pig asked us _,if/whether the bear was honest,如果出现or not, 就只能用whether,(2). 特殊疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时, 保留原来的疑问词引导。
23、 如:He asked,“Which room do you live in?” He asked me which room I lived in. “What can I do for you?” She asked me. She asked me what she could do for me .,Where is my father?,The dog asked,where his father was,(3) 选择疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时, 由whether/if or引导。如：Mum asked,“Is it your bike orToms? ” Mum asked w
24、hether/if it was my bike or Toms.,“Does your sister like blue dresses or green ones?” Kate asked.Kate asked whether/if my sister liked blue dresses or green ones.,3. 祈使句的间接引语当祈使句变为间接引语时, 用tell, ask, order, beg, request, order等引导，而把祈使句的动词变成带to的不定式短语。,Jack said, “Please visit my house tomorrow, Mary.”
25、Jack asked Mary to visit his house the next day.,2. “Dont touch anything.” He said.,1. The teacher said to the students, “Stop talking.” The teacher told the students _talking.,He told us _ anything. 。,to stop,not to touch,keep away from me!,Dirty man,The girl asked the dirty man _,to keep away from
26、 her,Dont bother me !,The baby told us _,not to bother him,【运用】 完成下列直接引语和间接引语的转换练习, 每空一词。 1. Lily said, “Ill go shopping with my mother.”Lily said (that) _ _ go shopping with _ mother.,she would,her,2. She asked me if I was interested in computer games. She asked, “_ _ interested in computer games?” 3. Mr King said to Lucy, “Please open the window.”Mr King _ Lucy _ _ the window.,to open,Are you,told,
