1、Unit 4 The Joy of WorkA FAMOUS QUOTELabour is often the father of pleasure.Francois-Marie Arouet （Voltaire）勤劳常是快乐之源。 弗朗索瓦-马利阿鲁埃（伏尔泰）Text A Work Is a BlessingNew Wordsblessing n. 好事；有益之事subsistence n. 勉强维持生活 sugar cane n. 甘蔗corn n. 玉米hog n. 猪cash n. 现金 dairy adj. 乳品业的；生产乳品的 complain v. 抱怨；埋怨；发牢骚 comm
2、itted adj. 尽心尽力的；坚信的；坚定的brick n. 砖；砖块hammer n. 锤子；榔头 escort n. 护送者；护卫队 remind v. 提醒；使想起 victim n. 受害者；牺牲品 ideology n. 意识形态；观念形态 terrorism n. 恐怖主义 depression n. 萧条期；经济衰退；不景气 unrest n. 动荡；动乱；骚动 illegal adj. 不合法的；非法的；违法的 immigrant n. （外来）移民；外侨 trafficking n. 非法交易；非法买卖 dealer n. 贩毒者；毒品贩子 gang n. 一帮，一群，一
3、伙（闹事、斗殴的年轻人）contribute v. 增加；增进；添加（到某物）quit v. 停止；戒掉Phrases and Expressionsbring in 赚得；挣eke out a living 竭力维持生计；勉强度日sink in 被完全理解；被充分意识到look forward to （高兴地）盼望，期待over and over again 多次；反复地；一再be prepared for 准备好；有所准备believe in 认为某事好（对、可接受）：信任Work Is a BlessingI grew up in Lakeland, LA, one of 12 chil
4、dren. We all lived on my parents subsistence farm(自耕自给农场) . We grew cotton, sugar cane, corn, hogs, and chickens and had a large garden, but it didnt bring in much cash. So when I was 12, I got a part-time job on a dairy farm down the road, helping to milk cows. We milked 65 cows at 5 in the morning
5、 and again at 2 in the afternoon, seven days a week. 工作是一种福气我在路易斯安那州的莱克兰长大，是家里 12 个孩子之一。我们所有人都依赖父母的农场勉强维持生活。我们种棉花、甘蔗、玉米，养猪、养鸡，还有一个大花园，但农场没办法让我们有多少收入，所以我在 12 岁时在马路旁边的一个奶牛场里找了一份兼职工作 帮忙挤牛奶。我要在早晨 5 点钟为 65 头奶牛挤奶，下午 2 点钟还要挤一次，一周工作七天。In the kitchen one Saturday before daylight, I remember complaining to my
6、 father and grandfather about having to go milk those cows. My father said, “Ya know, boy, to work is a blessing.“ 在一个周六的黎明之前，我记得我在厨房里跟父亲和爷爷抱怨自己一大早还要去给那些奶牛挤奶，父亲说：“儿子，你要知道，能工作是一种福气啊。 ”I looked at those two men who had worked harder than I ever had my father eking out(=making/earning) a living on that
7、 farm and my grandfather farming and working as a carpenter during the Depression. I had a feeling I had been told something really important, but it took many years before it sank in(完全被弄懂). 我看着这两个男人，知道他们比我有生以来工作得要更努力 父亲靠那个农场竭力维持生计，而爷爷在大萧条期间既开农场又当木匠。我那时有一种感觉，父亲跟我说了一些非常重要的东西，但许多年后我才真正理解了其中的含义。Going
8、to college was a rare privilege for a kid from Lakeland. My father told me if I picked something to study that I liked doing, Id always look forward to my work. But he also added, “Even having a job you hate is better than not having a job at all.“ I wanted to be a farmer, but I joined the ROTC prog
9、ram to help pay for college. And what started out as an obligation to the Army became a way of life that I stayed committed to for 37 years, three months and three days.对莱克兰的孩子来说，上大学是一种珍贵的待遇。父亲跟我说，如果我学了自己喜欢从事的内容，我便会一直期待找到适合自己的工作。但他也补充道：“就算从事了自己不喜欢的工作，那也比什么工作都没有要好。 ”我当时想做一名农夫，但为了减少学费负担，我参加了预备军官训练项目，当
10、初的义务从军便成为我以后的生活方式，我在部队服役长达 37 年 3 个月零 3 天。本 部 分 重 点 及 难 点 ：1. I had a feeling I had been told something really important, but it took many years before it sank in. 我 有 种 感 觉 -父 亲 跟 我 说 了 一 些 确 实 重 要 的 东 西 ， 但 许 多年 后 我 才 真 正 理 解 。sink in: be understoodIt took many years for the teachers words to sink
11、 in.2. And what started out as an obligation to the Army became a way of life that I stayed committed to for 37 years, three months and three days.(1) an obligation to the Army 对 于 部 队 的 义 务(2) a way of life 生 活 方 式(3) stay / be committed to 致 力 于He has been committed to working for the people heart
12、 and soul for more than twenty years.In the late 1980s, during a visit to Bangladesh, I saw a woman with a baby on her back, breaking bricks with a hammer. I asked a Bangladesh military escort why they werent using a machine, which would have been a lot easier. He told me a machine would put that la
13、dy out of work. Breaking those bricks meant she could earn enough money to feed herself and her baby that day. And as bad as that womans job was, it was enough to keep a small family alive. It reminded me of my fathers words: To work is a blessing.20 世纪 80 年代晚期，在一次前往孟加拉国期间，我看到一个背着孩子的妇女在用锤子将砖头敲碎。我问该国
14、的一名卫队员为什么他们不用机器，因为那样会容易很多。他跟我说，如果用机器，那个女人便会丢掉工作，而将那些砖头敲碎意味着她能赚到足够的钱让她和她的孩子在那天吃饱。虽然她的工作实在很糟糕，但那却足够养活一个小家庭。这件事让我想起了父亲的话：工作是一种福气。本 部 分 重 点 及 难 点 ：And as bad as that womans job was, it was enough to keep a small family alive.此 处 疑 似 错 句 ， 应 省 略 前 面 的 as， 即 改 为 ： And bad as that womans job was, it was en
15、ough to keep a small family alive. 虽 然 她 的 工 作 实 在 很 糟 糕 ， 但 那 却 足够 养 活 一 个 小 家 庭 。as 意 为 “虽 然 “， 用 于 倒 装 ， 句 式 如 下 ：Though he is very young, he is very learned.=Young as he is, he is very learned.Though he is an old man, he is very energetic.=Old man as he is, he is very energetic.Though I like him
16、 very much, I wont do his homework for him.=Much as I like him, I wont do his homework for him.Though he tried, he failed again.=Try as he did, he failed again.请 认 真 答 题 ， 答 题 结 果 将 记 入 知 识 点 测 评 的 成 绩 ！【 单 选 题 】 7. _, he is very gentle and has a sweet voice.A As he is boyB As he is a boyC A boy as
17、he isD Boy as he is【 答 案 】 D【 解 析 】 本 题 考 查 as 用 于 倒 装 句 。 Although/though he is a boy=boy as he is， 这 里 一 定 要 注 意 的 是 修 饰 可 数 名 词 单 数 形 式 的 不 定 冠 词 要 省 略 。 这 句 话 的 意 思是 “虽 然 他 是 个 男 孩 ， 他 非 常 温 和 而 且 声 音 甜 美 。 “【 知 识 点 】 as 用 于 倒 装 句Serving in the U.S. Army overseas, I saw a lot of people like that
18、 woman in Bangladesh. And I have come to believe(逐步相信) that people without jobs are not free. They are victims of crime, the ideology of terrorism, poor health, depression and social unrest. These victims become the illegal immigrants, the slaves of human trafficking, the drug dealers, and the stree
19、t gang members. I have seen it over and over again on the U.S. border, in Somalia, the Congo, Afghanistan and in New Orleans. People who have jobs can have a home, send their kids to school, develop a sense of pride, contribute to the good of the community, and even help others. When we can work, we
20、 are free. We are blessed. 在驻海外的美军部队服役时，我看到许多人都和孟加拉国那个女人一样，于是我开始相信，没有工作的人是不自由的。他们遭受着犯罪、恐怖主义、疾病、经济萧条和社会动荡的侵害，于是这些受害者变成了非法移民，沦为人口贩卖的囚奴、贩毒者和街头帮派的成员。这种景象我一次次地在美国边境、索马里、刚果、阿富汗以及新奥尔良目睹过。有工作的人可以建立家庭，将孩子送到学校上学，内心树立起一种自豪感，增加对社区的积极影响，甚至去帮助他人。当我们有事可做时，我们身心自由，身处幸福之中。I dont think I will ever quit working. Im ret
21、ired from the Army, but Im still working to help people be prepared for disaster. And I may get to do a little farming someday, too. Im not going to stop. I believe in my fathers words. I believe in the blessing of work.我觉得我不会停止工作。如今我已从军队退役，但我仍在致力。于帮助人们在灾害来临前做好准备，可能哪天我也要去做点儿农活。我不会停下来的。我相信父亲的话。我相信工作是
22、一种福气。ExercisesI Checking Your Comprehension Directions: Choose the best answer to each question from the information given in the passage. 1. The author got a part-time job on a dairy farm _. A） to pay for his school tuition B） to help support his familyC） to get some work experience D） to earn some
23、 pocket money 【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查的是对细节的理解。根据第一段第二、三句，“but it didnt bring in much cash. So I got a part-time job”就可以得出本题答案。答案为 B。2. According to the author, his father and grandfather _. A） had worked harder on the farm than he did B） had made a living by milking cows on a dairy farm C） had never compl
24、ained about life on the farm D） had never left the farm in their lifetime 【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查的是对细节的理解。根据第三段第一句有相关信息，“I looked at those two men who had worked harder than I ever had”。答案为A。3. The author joined the ROTC program _. A） to fulfill his dream B） to pursue his career C） to avoid farm work D） t
25、o help pay for college 【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查的是对细节的理解。根据第四段第四句“I joined the ROTC program to help pay for college”可以得出答案。答案为 D。4. Why didnt people in Bangladesh use a machine to replace the woman? A） Because they couldnt afford to buy a machine. B） Because they didnt know how to use a machine. C） Because
26、the woman needed the work to support her family. D） Because the work could only be done manually. 【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查的是对细节的理解。根据第五段第三、四句“He told mewould put that lady out of work. Breaking those bricks meant she could earn enough money to feed herself and her baby”给出了相关信息。答案为 C。5. According to the pas
27、sage, people who dont have jobs will_.A） become drug dealers B） be in difficult situations C） be in poor health D） have no free time 【正确答案】B【答案解析】可以用排除法。根据本文，如果人们不工作将会怎样？选项中的三个答案：销售毒品、健康受损和没有空闲时间，在文章中都没有涉及。答案为 B。II Building Your Vocabulary Section ADirections: Complete each of the following sentence
28、s with the correct choice of the words given in the brackets. 1. The campaign to drive the drug _ away will continue. （dealers, dealerships） 【正确答案】dealers【答案解析】dealer，指贩毒者、交易商。 dealership 指经稍店。这里指贩卖毒品的人。答案为 dealers。2. Im going to _ to the manager about this. （complain, complaint） 【正确答案】complain【答案解析
29、】complain 动词，抱怨； complaint 是名词抱怨的意思，题中“complain to”是向某人抱怨的意思，应选择动词。答案为 complain。3. This method is _ used in modern laboratories. （rare, rarely）【正确答案】rarely【答案解析】rare ，形容词，意为稀少的、稀罕的；rarely 是副词，稀少地，在题中修饰动词 use，“is rarely used”意思是很少被应用。答案为 rarely。4. The rain will be a _for the farmers. （bless, blessing
30、） 【正确答案】blessing【答案解析】bless 为动词，祝福；blessing 是名词，表示福气。题中冠词“a”后，应接名词。答案为 blessing。5. Your suggestion will _ to solving the problem. （contribute, contribution ） 【正确答案】contribute【答案解析】contribute 为动词，增进、捐助的意思。这里contributeto 是固定搭配，是指有助于的意思。contribution 是名词，捐款、贡献之意。答案为 contribute。6. It is_ to buy cigarette
31、s in Britain if you are under 16. （legal, illegal）【正确答案】illegal【答案解析】legal 和 illegal 互为反义词。legal 合法的，illegal 非法的。根据题意，在英国 16 岁以下买烟是非法的。答案为 illegal。Section B Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. commit unrest quit immigrant dairy victim trafficki
32、ng subsistence 1. The President is_ to reforming health care. 【正确答案】committed【答案解析】be committed to 为固定搭配，意为“承诺、保证做某事，坚定地”。句意是 “总统承诺进行医疗改革。 ”答案为 committed。2. The majority of black African people rely on _ agriculture for survival. 【正确答案】dairy【答案解析】dairy agriculture 意为“乳品农业” 。句意是“多数非洲黑人依赖乳制品农业生存。” 答案为
33、 dairy。3. Many students here are second-or third-generation_. 【正确答案】immigrants【答案解析】second-or third-generation immigrants 表示“ 第二代或第三代移民”。immigrant 是名词，意为“移民”，这里应用其复数形式。句意是“这里许多学生是第二代或第三代移民。” 答案为 immigrants。4. General_ in the country increased as hunger set in. 【正确答案】unrest【答案解析】unrest ，是“动乱、骚动”的意思，t
34、rafficking 意为“非法交易”，但是 general 意为“ 通常的、一般的 ”，与 trafficking 搭配更为符合。unrest 一般指“较剧烈的社会动荡、骚乱”等。此句可理解为“ 当一个国家发生饥荒，动乱就会增多。”答案为 unrest。5. Have you ever used nicotine replacement products to help you_ smoking? 【正确答案】quit【答案解析】quit smoking，固定搭配，意思为“戒烟”。句意是“你有没有用过尼古丁替代其他产品来帮助你戒烟呢？”答案为 quit。6. He is a/an _ of
35、an illness over which he has no control.【正确答案】victim【答案解析】victim，意为“受害者” 。he is a victim of an illness 意为“他是某种疾病的受害者” 。答案为 victim。Section CDirections: Complete each of the following sentences with a suitable word.1. She often complains _ not feeling appreciated at work. 【正确答案】about/ of【答案解析】complain
36、 of/ about sth. 是固定搭配，意为 “抱怨某事”。句意是“她常常抱怨，感觉自己在工作上不被赏识。“ 答案为 about/ of。2. Hearing that song always reminds me_ a certain night in Santa Cruz. 【正确答案】of【答案解析】remind sb. of sth. 是固定搭配，意为“提醒某人某事” 。句意是“听到这首歌总让我想起在惠特的那个夜晚。“ 答案为 of。3. Im really looking forward _ our summer vacation.【正确答案】to【答案解析】look forwa
37、rd to sth./ doing sth. 为固定搭配，意为“期待做某事”。句意是 “我非常期待暑假的到来。 ”答案为 to。4. The sale of the house only brought_ about $45,000. 【正确答案】in【答案解析】bring in 是固定搭配，是 “赚、挣”的意思。句意是“ 卖这所房子只挣了四万五千美元。”答案为 in。5. Helen believes _ jogging for her health. 【正确答案】in【答案解析】believe in sth.是固定搭配，意为“坚信某事”。句意是“ 海伦坚信慢跑有助于她的健康。”答案为 in
38、。6. The only way to learn the script is to say it to yourself over and over_. 【正确答案】again【答案解析】over and over again，指“ 多次、一遍一遍地重复”。句意是“学会这份剧本的唯一方法是你自己一遍一遍地说。”答案为 again。III Bridging the GapDirections: Fill in the blanks with a word or a phrase that best completes the passage. You may choose a suitable
39、 one from the list given. improve stressed check out clearing away arriveweight priority different routine route We all get the Monday blues from time to time , but there are ways to _ your working life and be happy at work. If youre going through a rough patch at work or are lacking job satisfactio
40、n, _these ways to boost your mood and have a happier work day.1.【正确答案】improve【答案解析】improve ，动词，意为 “改善”。根据上下文，上半句提到了周一工作苦恼，紧接着作者将给出帮助我们改善工作生活、快乐工作的方法。答案为improve。2.【正确答案】check out【答案解析】check out，固定搭配，此处为“ 试试、看看” 的意思。答案为 check out。If your workday often leaves you feeling _ and overwhelmed, it is time t
41、o calm things down by getting more organized. Firstly, make sure you _ a few minutes early for work to give you time to organize your tasks for the day and get mentally prepared. Secondly, organize your space by _ any clutter and streamlining your workspace. Finally, make a list of everything that y
42、ou need to do that day in order of _. If you can, try taking care of the more difficult things first to help take a _ off your mind.3.【正确答案】stressed【答案解析】句中 feeling overwhelmed 指“感到被压垮”。根据文意，and 连接两个意思相近的词，应该选择意思与 overwhelmed 相近的词。stressed 指“ 有压力的”，与文意相符。答案为 stressed。4.【正确答案】arrive【答案解析】此处缺少谓语，首先判断用
43、动词，根据上下文，作者建议早到一会儿以做些准备工作。arrive a few minutes early，意为“早到几分钟”。答案为arrive。5.【正确答案】clearing away【答案解析】clear away，固定搭配，意为“清除” 。 clear away any clutter 是“ 清除杂物”之意。答案为 clearing away。6.【正确答案】priority【答案解析】priority，名词，意为“优先权、优步考虑的事”。作者建议把一天工作内容列出来，以便找出优先考虑的事。答案为 priority。7.【正确答案】weight【答案解析】take a weight o
44、ff your mind，固定搭配，意思为“使你的头脑放轻松”。答案为 weight。Variety is the spice of life, and this is never truer than when it comes to your working day. Following the same _ day in, day out can quickly cause boredom and dissatisfaction to set in, so try making every day a little _ in any way you can. Try doing rout
45、ine tasks in a different order, talking to someone new or taking a different _ to work. If you really cant shake up your workday itself, instead try organizing something fun and different to do on your lunch break every so often. 8.【正确答案】routine【答案解析】the same routine day in day out，这句话可以理解为 “日常工作日复一
46、日地千篇一律” 。routine 名词，指“日常工作、常规 ”，day in and day out，词组，意思为“日复一日” 。答案为 routine。9.【正确答案】different【答案解析】根据上下文，千篇一律的日子会让人厌烦和不满，所以我们努力来使之变得不一样。different ，形容词，意为“ 不同的”。答案为 different。10.【正确答案】route【答案解析】taking a different route to work，意为“采用不同的工作方法” 。route，名词，意为“ 路线、途径”。答案为 route。Organizing Your Ideas Direc
47、tions: Put the following sentences in the proper order so that they make a complete paragraph. 1. Societies go through cycles.2. One generation works hard and plays little. 3. Work has become a four-letter word for many people. 4. Right now we seem to be in a pro-play, anti-work feeling. 5. Another
48、generation reverses the trend. 【正确答案】12543【答案解析】本题的作者写出了两代人对工作持有的两种不同态度。句子 1 是开头句，大意是社会在循环运转，在此处起到引出下文的作用，可以放到句首。句子 2 和句子 5，分别提出两代人对工作的不同态度，可以放在中间。句子 2 写一代人努力工作，很少玩乐；句子 5 写另一代对此持有相反态度。而句子 4 和句子3 可以看作是句子 5 的具体展开，可以放在最后。课后习题参考答案Text AI . 1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. BII . Section A1. Dealers 2. Complain 3. Rarely 4. Blessing 5. Contribute 6. illegalSection Bl. Committed 2. Subsistence 3 . Immigrants 4. Unrest 5. Quit 6. victimSection C1. about 2. of 3. to 4. in 5. in 6. again. 1.check out 2. Improve 3. Stressed 4. Arri
