1、CCNP 交换课程 第六章,冗余及负载均衡,课程概述,EtherChannel (以太通道) PAgP (端口集合协议) EtherChannel配置实例 交换环境中的冗余模块(电源模块,路由模块) 热备份路由协议(HSRP VRRP GLBP SLB)配置热备份路由协议HSRP 配置实例 (实验) EtherChannel,HSRP,以太通道, 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.,3,Load Balancing with EtherChannel,Logical aggregation of similar links Viewed
2、 as one logical port Switch-level load balancing Redundancy,Configuring EtherChannel,Switch(config)#interface port-channel port-channel-number,Creates a port-channel interface,Switch(config-if)#ip address address mask,Assigns an IP address and subnet mask to the EtherChannel,Switch(config-if)#channe
3、l-group number mode auto | desirable | on,Configures the interface in a port-channel and specifies the PAgP mode,Switch(config)#interface interface slot/port,Specifies an interface to configure,Verifying EtherChannel,Switch#show running-config interface port-channel num,Displays port-channel informa
4、tion,Switch#show run interface port-channel 1 Building configuration. Current configuration: ! interface Port-channel1 no ip address no ip directed-broadcast end,Switch#show running-config interface interface x/y,Displays interface information,Switch#show run interface gig 0/9 Building configuration
5、. Current configuration: ! interface GigabitEthernet 0/9 no ip address channel-group 1 mode desirable end,Verifying EtherChannel (Cont.),Switch#show etherchannel num port-channel,Displays port-channel information after configuration,Switch#show etherchannel 1 port-channelPort-channels in the group:-
6、Port-channel: Po1 -Age of the Port-channel = 01d:01h:31m:38s Logical slot/port = 1/0 Number of ports = 2 GC = 0x00020001 HotStandBy port = null Port state = Port-channel Ag-InusePorts in the Port-channel:Index Load Port EC state -+-+-+-0 00 Gi0/9 desirable-sl0 00 Gi0/10 desirable-slTime since last p
7、ort bundled: 00d:20h:04m:38s Gi0/9 Time since last port Un-bundled: 00d:21h:17m:20s Gi0/10,Configuring EtherChannel Load Balancing,Switch#show etherchannel load-balance Source XOR Destination IP address,Switch(config)#port-channel load-balance type,Configures EtherChannel load balancing,EtherChannel
8、 Load Balancing,Configure EtherChannel load balancing. set port channel all distribution ip | mac | session | ip-vlan-session source | destination | both 默认时是基于session source Console (enable) set port channel all distribution mac source Channel distribution is set to mac source.,EtherChannel Load Ba
9、lancing,siwtch65 (enable) show channel traffic ChanId Port Rx-Ucst Tx-Ucst Rx-Mcst Tx-Mcst Rx-Bcst Tx-Bcst - - - - - - - - 769 7/1 54.36% 49.92% 50.00% 99.99% 56.06% 59.43% 769 7/2 45.64% 50.08% 50.00% 0.01% 43.94% 40.57% 835 7/5 59.00% 49.94% 49.98% 99.99% 66.20% 58.74% 835 7/6 41.00% 50.06% 50.02%
10、 0.01% 33.80% 41.26% 836 7/7 44.89% 47.39% 48.42% 94.38% 43.92% 5.25% 836 7/8 55.11% 52.61% 51.58% 5.62% 56.08% 94.75%,Port and Link Aggregation,端口汇聚协议(PAgP) 和链路汇聚协议(LACP) 可在以太网接口之间自动创建端口信道Port Aggregation Protocol (PAgP) PAgP是思科专用协议，只能运行在思科交换机或由PAgP特许支持供应商生产的交换机上 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (
11、LACP) LACP是标准协议，允许思科交换机管理满足802.3ad协议要求的任何交换机之间的以太网信道,PAgP,ON OFF Desirable -主动发PAgP协商包 Auto -不会主动协商,能形成以太通道吗？,ON - ON ON - Desirable Auto - Auto ON - Auto Desirable - Desirable Desirable - Auto,配置实例 （一）,配置实例 （一）,Catalyst 3550 interface Port-channel 1 interface GigabitEthernet0/1 switchport mode acce
12、ss no ip address channel-group 1 mode desirable interface GigabitEthernet0/2 switchport mode access no ip address channel-group 1 mode desirable,配置实例 （一）,Catalyst 6500/6000 interface Port-channel 1no ip address switchport switchport mode access interface FastEthernet3/1 no ip address switchport swit
13、chport mode access channel-group 1 mode desirable interface FastEthernet3/2 no ip address switchport switchport mode access channel-group 1 mode desirable,配置实例 （二）,配置实例 （二）,Catalyst 5500 : set interface sc0 1 10.10.10.2/255.255.255.0 10.10.10.255 set port channel 4/1-4 50 set port channel 4/1-2 mode
14、 desirable Set port trunk 4/1-2Catalyst 6509 set interface sc0 1 10.10.10.1/255.255.255.0 10.10.10.255 set port channel 4/1-4 63 set port channel 4/1-2 mode desirable Set port trunk 4/1-2,单点故障,交换环境中的冗余模块, 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.,20,Supervisor Redundancy,Single supervisor engin
15、e means single point of failure for the switch. Redundant supervisor allows configuration for automatic failover.,RPR and RPR+,Route Processor Redundancy Switchover in 2 to 4 minutes Redundant supervisor engine booted but MSFC and PFC not operational Route Processor Redundancy Plus Switchover in 30
16、to 60 seconds Redundant supervisor engine booted with MSFC and PFC operational,RPR and RPR+,The following events cause an RPR and PRP+ switchover: Clock synchronization failure between supervisor engines MSFC or PFC failure on the active supervisor engine A manual switchover.,RPR+的增强特性,Standby super
17、visor fully booted Running and Startup configuration synchronization between active and standby Running configuration not lost upon switchover Reduced switchover time Installed modules are not reloaded Online insertion and removal (OIR) of the redundant supervisor engine Synchronization of OIR event
18、s,RPR+ Configuration Guidelines and Restrictions,VLAN database configuration not supported SNMP changes not automatically synchronized No mirroring or load balancing Only one active supervisor engine at a time Both supervisor engines must run the same version of Cisco IOS software (otherwise RPR),RP
19、R+ Configuration Guidelines and Restrictions (Cont.),Switchover takes place after the failed supervisor engine completes a core dump FIB table cleared on switchover; routed traffic interrupted until route tables reconverge Static IP routes maintained across a switchover Information about dynamic sta
20、tes not synchronized and lost on switchover,RPR+ Hardware Guidelines and Restrictions,Supervisor engines must be in slots 1 and 2. Each supervisor engine must have the resources to run the switch on its own. Both supervisor engines must have the same system image. Make separate console connections t
21、o each supervisor engine; do not use a Y cable. The configuration register in the startup-config must be set to autoboot.,Configuring and Verifying RPR+,Switch(config)#redundancy,Enables redundancy and enters redundancy configuration mode,Switch(config-red)#mode rpr-plus,Specifies RPR+ as the superv
22、isor engine redundancy mode,Switch#show redundancy states,Displays information about supervisor engine redundancy,Configuring and Verifying RPR+,Router enable Router# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)# redundancy Router(config-red)# mode r
23、pr-plus Router(config-red)# Z,Configuring and Verifying RPR+,Switch#show module Mod Ports Card Type Model Serial No. -+-+-+-+-1 2 1000BaseX (GBIC) Supervisor(standby) WS-X4515 JAB062604LE 2 2 1000BaseX (GBIC) Supervisor(active) WS-X4515 JAB062408TV 3 48 10/100/1000BaseTX (RJ45) WS-X4448-GB-RJ45 JAB0
24、53606AG 4 48 10/100BaseTX (RJ45)V WS-X4148-RJ45V JAE060800BL M MAC addresses Hw Fw Sw Status -+-+-+-+-+-1 0009.e845.6300 to 0009.e845.6301 0.5 12.1(13r)EW( 12.1(13)EW, Ok 2 0009.e845.6302 to 0009.e845.6303 0.4 12.1(12r)EW( 12.1(13)EW, EARL Ok 3 0001.6443.dd20 to 0001.6443.dd4f 0.0 Ok 4 0008.2138.d90
25、0 to 0008.2138.d92f 1.6 Ok,Configuring and Verifying RPR+,Router# show redundancy states my state = 13 -ACTIVE peer state = 4 STANDBY COLD !- Indicates RPR mode Mode = Duplex !- Indicates secondary is present and in redundant state Unit = Primary Unit ID = 2 Redundancy Mode (Operational) = Route Pro
26、cessor Redundancy Redundancy Mode (Configured) = Route Processor Redundancy,Configuring and Verifying RPR+,Switch#sh modMod Ports Card Type Model Serial No. -+-+-+-+-1 Standby Supervisor2 2 1000BaseX (GBIC) Supervisor(active) WS-X4515 JAB062408TV 3 48 10/100/1000BaseTX (RJ45) WS-X4448-GB-RJ45 JAB053
27、606AG 4 48 10/100BaseTX (RJ45)V WS-X4148-RJ45V JAE060800BL M MAC addresses Hw Fw Sw Status -+-+-+-+-+-1 Unknown Unknown Unknown Other2 0009.e845.6302 to 0009.e845.6303 0.4 12.1(12r)EW( 12.1(13)EW, EARL Ok 3 0001.6443.dd20 to 0001.6443.dd4f 0.0 Ok 4 0008.2138.d900 to 0008.2138.d92f 1.6,Configuring an
28、d Verifying RPR+,Router# show redundancy states my state = 13 -ACTIVE peer state = 1 DISABLED !- Standby supervisor is not up or not present. Mode = Simplex !- Not redundant. Unit = Primary Unit ID = 2 Redundancy Mode (Operational) = Route Processor Redundancy Plus Redundancy Mode (Configured) = Rou
29、te Processor Redundancy Plus,Redundant Uplink Modules,Redundant uplink connections still leave a single point of failure: the supervisor engine itself.,Redundant Uplink Modules (Cont.),Uplink ports on the redundant supervisor engine are live.,Redundant Power Supplies,Two power supplies are used for
30、combined power, or the second can act as a backup if the first fails.,Configuring Redundant Power Supplies,Switch(config)#power redundancy-mode combined | redundant,Configures power as combined or redundant,Switch # show power supplies,Displays information about power supplies,Redundant mode,By defa
31、ult, the power supplies in a Catalyst 4000/4500/6500/8500 series switch are set to operate in Redundant mode 1.Use two power supplies that are the same type. 2.Choose a power supply that by itself is powerful enough to support the switch configuration. 3. 1+1=1,Combined mode,If your switch configura
32、tion requires more power than a single power supply can provide, set the power management mode to Combined mode. Combined mode utilizes the available power for both power supplies. however, your switch will have no power redundancy.,Redundant Power Supplies,Switch (config)# power redundancy-mode red
33、undantSwitch (config)# end Switch# show power suppliesPower supplies needed by system :11 indicates that the switch is in Redundant mode,Redundant Power Supplies,Switch (config)# power redundancy-mode combined Switch (config)# end Switch# show power supplies Power supplies needed by system :22 indicates that the switch is in Combined mode,誉天CISCO讲师 刘昊 QQ：295356599 TEL：13871116679 有问题可留言，我会及时回复。,
