1、Wall Street,Catalogue,Its Narrow Sense Its Broader Sense The History of Wall Street Occupied Wall Street Sports Financial Institutions Issue,Wall Street refers to the financial district of New York City, named after and centered on the eight-block-long street running from Broadway to South Street on
2、 the East River in lower Manhattan. 华尔街是纽约市曼哈顿区南部从百老汇路延伸到东河的一条大街道的名字，全长不过三分之一英里，是英文“墙街”的音译。,Narrow Sense,. Over time, the term has become a metonym for the financial markets of the United States as a whole, or signifying New York-based financial interests. 随着时间的推移,这个名词已经成为美国金融市场整体的一个借代,或者意味着总部设在纽约的金
3、融机构的利益。,Broader Sense,It is the home of the New York Stock Exchange, the worlds largest stock exchange by market capitalization of its listed companies.3 Several other major exchanges have or had headquarters in the Wall Street area, including NASDAQ, the New York Mercantile Exchange, the New York B
4、oard of Trade, and the former American Stock Exchange. Anchored by Wall Street, New York City is one of the worlds principal financial centers. 这是纽约证券交易所之家,世界上最大的股票交易市场资本化的上市公司。其他几个主要交易所或总部设在华尔街地区,包括纳斯达克,纽约商品交易所,纽约期货交易所,和前美国证券交易所。由于华尔街,纽约是世界上主要的金融中心。,The History of Wall Street,Early years,In the 164
5、0s, basic picket and plank fences denoted plots and residences in the colony.13 Later, on behalf of the Dutch West India Company, Peter Stuyvesant, using both African slaves14 and white colonists, collaborated with the city government in the construction of a more substantial fortification, a streng
6、thened 12-foot (4 m) wall. In these early days, local merchants and traders would gather at disparate spots to buy and sell shares and bonds, and over time divided themselves into two classesauctioneers and dealers.16 The rampart was removed in 1699. In the late 18th century, there was a buttonwood
7、tree at the foot of Wall Street under which traders and speculators would gather to trade securities. In 1792, traders formalized their association with the Buttonwood Agreement which was the origin of the New York Stock Exchange In 1789, Wall Street was the scene of the United States first presiden
8、tial inauguration when George Washington took the oath of office on the balcony of Federal Hall on April 30, 1789. This was also the location of the passing of the Bill Of Rights.,Nineteenth Century,In the first few decades, both residences and businesses occupied the area, but increasingly business
9、 predominated. In the 1840s and 1850s, most residents moved north to midtown because of the increased business use at the lower tip of the island. In 1889, the original stock report, Customers Afternoon Letter, became The Wall Street Journal. Named in reference to the actual street, it became an inf
10、luential international daily business newspaper published in New York Cit,Twentieth Century,In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the corporate culture of New York was a primary center for the construction of skyscrapers, and was rivaled only by Chicago on the American continent. During the Wor
11、ld War I years, occasionally there were fund-raising efforts for projects such as the National Guard.,Regulation,In October 1929, a celebrated Yale economist named Irving Fisher reassured worried investors that their “money was safe“ on Wall Street. A few days later, stock values plummeted. Construc
12、tion of the World Trade Center began in 1966 but had trouble attracting tenants when completed. Nonetheless, some substantial firms purchased space there. Its impressive height helped make it a visual landmark for drivers and pedestrians.,Twenty-first Century,A report by Michael Stoler in The New Yo
13、rk Sun described a “phoenix-like resurrection“ of the area, with residential, commercial, retail and hotels booming in the “third largest business district in the country.“49 At the same time, the investment community was worried about proposed legal reforms, including the Wall Street Reform and Con
14、sumer Protection Act which dealt with matters such as credit card rates and lending requirements.,Occupied Wall Street Sports,事件简介2011年9月17日起，美国纽约爆发一场名为“占领华尔街”的民众抗议活动，并一直持续到10月份。“占领华尔街”抗议活动的矛头主要指向华尔街“贪婪”、金融系统弊病和政府监管不力，以及美国政府过度动用军力、对少数族裔不公、失业率高等社会问题。 此后，这股抗议浪潮开始向美国其他城市蔓延，其中，洛杉矶、波士顿、芝加哥、丹佛和西雅图都发生了抗议活动
15、。 有分析人士称，“占领华尔街”示威行动，反映了美国经济困境下经济、社会矛盾加剧，更表明金融危机以来美国政府和监管当局推出经济、金融改革措施未孚众望。,Occupied Wall Street Sports,事件根源引发事件的根源：美国失业率居高不下 失业率居高不下是触发这次示威的最主要导火索之一。根据美国劳工部公布的最新就业数据，8月份美国30个州的就业人数下降，其中纽约州就业人数下降最多。当月纽约州雇主裁员2.2万人，凸显纽约州经济和就业形势不容乐观。 而此次游行的参与者，大多数都是青年失业者，包括找不到工作的大学毕业生。一位不愿意透露姓名的示威者说，他们希望通过这次示威“显示民众的力量”
16、，迫使华尔街的金融巨头们吐出他们“霸占人民的财产”。,Financial Institutions Issue,1.纳税人的钱被用去填补亏损连连的银行，还让银行因此获利 2.最令民众愤怒的还不是用纳税人的钱救银行，而是已经陷入困顿的银行还让执行主管领取高额红利奖金。 3.许多美国人显然认为社会发展方向出现了根本性错误，质疑经济体制不再平等地把果实分给社会各阶层。 4.美国政府为挽救金融危机下的美国经济，不惜财政血本，拆东墙补西墙。不断冲高的财政赤字和美国国债又把美国经济由“金融泡沫”转向“财政泡沫”，并引发一场债务危机。,分析家普遍认为，“占领华尔街”抗议活动的兴起，最根本的原因是美国经济持续疲软，失业率居高不下。而执政近3年的奥巴马政府被越来越多的政治派别指责施政无力，拯救经济措施不当，尤其是失业率在美国走出金融危机已两年的今天仍高居9%以上，且前景黯淡，进而导致社会矛盾加深，贫富差距进一步拉大。与此同时，金融危机中靠美国政府用纳税人的钱拯救过来的华尔街金融业，在金融危机后不思与民众共度艰辛，反而是旧病复发，拿走花红，大把花钱，不断提高普通百姓的银行账户费用等，从而激起民怨，终于诱发了“占领华尔街”活动。,Thank you!,
