1、2019/6/5,1,英语句子的种类,简单句 (The simple sentence),并列句 (The compound sentence),复合句 (The complex sentence),2019/6/5,2,1. You are right. (99),2. The playground is now in front of the school. (99),5. 60% of the students are against the idea of entrance fees. (02),4. Opinions are divided on the question. (02)
2、,3. It was 7:15 on the morning of February 8, 2000. (00),英语基本句型-1 主系表句型与高考书面表达,2019/6/5,3,主系表结构本结构是由主语+系动词+表语组成，主要用以说明主 语的特征，类属，状态，身份等。系动词有:1.表示特征和存在状态的 be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound;2.表示状态延续的 remain, stay, keep, continue, stand;3.表示状态变化的 become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, g
3、row;,2019/6/5,4,Our English teacher is thirty years old.,The cake tastes delicious.,We feel used to living in big cities.,The potatoes went bad in the fields.,Their boss seems satisfied with the work.,Deep water stays still.,2019/6/5,5,巩固练习： 1冬季白天短，夜晚长2十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。 3孩子们很少保持安静。4她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。,In
4、winter, the days are short and the nights are long.,At the age of fifteen, he became a famous pianist.,Children seldom keep quiet.,Her job is to look after the children in the nursery.,2019/6/5,6,5他失业了。 6树叶已经变黄了7这个报告听起来很有意思,He is out of work.,The leaves have turned yellow.,The report sounds interest
5、ing,2019/6/5,7,1. As in China, the weather is different from area to area.,主系表句型的几个特例：,2. We are greatly surprised to meet him there.,3. It is not a good idea to spend your vacation with strangers.,4. It is kind of you to say so.,5. It is not easy for them to go there by bike.,6. Is it Tom who is pl
6、aying the piano?,7. It is a fact that they cant pass the exam.,2019/6/5,8,英语基本句型-2 主谓结构与高考书面表达,2. Quite a few changes have takenplace. (99),4. Whats more, I can go to bed earlier. (01),3. The car didnt stop but drove off at great speed heading west. (00),1. He fell with a cry. (00),2019/6/5,9,主谓结构本结
7、构是由主语加不及物的谓语动词构成, 常用来表示主语的动作。 如：The sun rises. Tom has already left. 主语可有修饰语-定语，谓语可有修饰语-状语。,如: 1. The red sun rises in the east. 2. So they had to travel by air or boat. 3.We got up early so as to catch the first bus. 4. She sat there alone, reading a novel. 5. He came back when we were eating. 6.We
8、ak buildings will fall down in an earthquake, but strong ones may stay up.,2019/6/5,10,巩固练习：,1她昨天回家很晚。 2会议将持续两个小时。 3在过去的十年里,我的家乡已经发生了巨大变化。 41919年，在北京爆发了“五.四”运动。 5每天八时开始上课。 6这个重五公斤。 7五年前我住在北京。 8秋天有些鸟飞到南方去。 9我的爷爷早晨起得很早。 10. 每天下午有许多学生到图书馆来借书。,2019/6/5,11,1. She went home very late yesterday evening.,2.
9、 The meeting will last two hours.,3. Great changes have taken place in my home town in the past ten years.,4. The May Fourth Movement broke out in Beijing in 1919.,5. Classes begin at eight every day.,2019/6/5,12,9. My grandfather gets up early in the morning.,10.Every afternoon a lot of students co
10、me to the library to borrow books.,8.In autumn, some birds fly to the south.,7.I lived in Beijing five years ago.,6. This box weighs five kilos.,2019/6/5,13,Translate the following sentences: 11.会议有可能开两个半小时.The meeting will last two and a half hours. 12. 我所就读的学校坐落在那个美丽的湖边.The school where I study li
11、es by the beautiful lake. 13.她盼望已久的机会终于到来了.The chance which she wanted to get for a long time came at last. 14他把书放在书包里,而书包却找不到了.He put the books in the schoolbag , but the schoolbag disappeared. 15. 正在睡觉的婴儿笑了. The sleeping baby smiles.,2019/6/5,14,16. Barking dogs seldom bite.爱叫的狗不咬人. A willing help
12、er doesnt wait until he is asked.乐于助人者总是主动助人. 18. 虽然在下大雨, 但火车还是准时到达.The train arrived on time though it rained hard . 19. 他通过乞讨为生.He lives by begging . 20. 这里有些动物已经灭绝了.Some animals here have died out. 21. 可怜的TOM 穿得破破烂烂.The poor Tom dressed poorly.,2019/6/5,15,22.这个病人不可不吃东西,但要吃不含糖的东西.The sick man mus
13、t not go without food, but he must have a diet without sugar. 23. 我的腿还在疼.My leg still hurts. 24. 火已经熄灭了.The fire has gone out. 25.最后他们赢了.They won in the end. 26. 1937年爆发了抗日战争.The Anti-Japanese broke out in 1937. 27.她不再哭了. She didnt cry any more.,2019/6/5,16,28. 他一直走到山边.He walked as far as the hillsi
14、de. 这支笔很好写。The pen writes smoothly. 30. 这些苹果很好卖.These apples sell well. 31. 水果不易保鲜.Fruits cant keep well. 32. 这种布很易洗.This kind of cloth washes easily. 33. 她高兴地跳起来了.He jumped with joy.,2019/6/5,17,34.你做得很好。You are doing well/fine. 35. 表坏了。The clock doesnt work now. 36. 用石头建成的房子比用木头建的房子更耐用一些.A house b
15、uilt of stones lasts longer than that built of wood. 37. 李教授,很多学生想见你. 是让他们在这里等还是在外面?等?Professor Li , many students want to see you. Shall they wait here or outside? 38. 她疼得哭了起来.She cried with pain.,2019/6/5,18,39.校长笑着进来了。The headmaster came in with a laugh/smile. 40. 这间房子的窗户朝南.The window of this hou
16、se faces south. 41. 你是谁没关系. 但你会干什么有关系.It doesnt matter who you are , but it matters what you can do. 42. 我在这里一直等到10 点钟.I waited here until 10 oclock. 43. 他急急忙忙地走了.He left in a hurry. 44. 两天后,天放晴了.Two days later , it cleared up in the end.,2019/6/5,19,45.汽车的价格会下降的. The price of the car will go down/f
17、all. 46. 这本杂志什么时候会出版?When will the magazine come out ? 47. 这个工程什么时候开工?When will the project start ?48. 他为什么哭了?Why did he cry ? 49. 这个事情怎么发生的?How did it happen ? 50. 除了你,还有三个人赢了。Besides you , three other people also won .,2019/6/5,20,英语基本句型-3 主谓宾结构与高考书面表达,1. Now I have more free time. (01),3. In the
18、evenings I can watch news on TV or reading newspapers. (01),4. About two minutes later I stopped a passing car (00),5. We have also planted a lot of trees in and around the school. (99),2019/6/5,21,主谓宾结构,本结构是由主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语构成。 宾语成分的多样化使得这一结构异常复杂。,如：1. Tom made a hole in the wall.2. I dont know if he
19、can come tomorrow.3. They havent decided where to go next.4. She stopped teaching English two years ago.5. It took them ten years to build the dam.7. Mother promises to give me a present.,2019/6/5,22,巩固练习：,1昨晚我写了一封信。 2今天下午我想同你谈谈。 3这本书他读过多次了。 4他们成功地完成了计划。 5那位先生能流利地说三种语言。 6我收到了笔友从澳大利亚寄来的信。 7Jim 还不会自己穿
20、衣服。 8我们大家都相信Jack 是一个诚实男孩。 9. 他不知道说什麽好。 10. 我开窗户你在意吗？,2019/6/5,23,1. I wrote a letter last night. 2. I want to talk with you this afternoon. 3. He has read this book many times. 4. They have carried out the plan successfully. 5. That gentleman can speak three languages fluently.,2019/6/5,24,6. I rece
21、ived a letter from my penfriend in Australia. 7. Jim cannot dress himself. 8. All of us believe that Jack is an honest boy. 9. He did not know what to say. 10. Do you mind my opening the window?,2019/6/5,25,英语基本句型4 双宾语结构说明：此结构由“主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（事物）”组成。如：He brings me cookies every day. 但若要先说出直接
22、宾语（事物），后说间接宾语（人），则要借助于介词to或for。如：He brings cookies to me every day.She made a beautiful dress for me. 用to侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着某人。 用for 侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。 常跟双宾语的动词有：（需借助to的）bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask等； （需借助for 的） buy, call, cook, c
23、hoose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save, spare等。,2019/6/5,26,巩固练习： 1Johnson 先生去年教我们德语。 2奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。 3请把那本字典递给我好吗？ 4他把车票给列车员看。 5我替你叫辆出租汽车好吗？ 6新式机器将会为你节省许多劳动。 7他用他的第一个月工资给他妈妈买了一件毛衣。,2019/6/5,27,1.Mr Johnson taught us German last year. 2.Grandma told me an interesting story last night. 3.
24、Would you please pass me the dictionary? 4.He showed the ticket to the conductor. 5.Shall I call you a taxi? 6.The new machine will save you a lot of labour. 7.He bought a new coat for his mother with his first months salary.,2019/6/5,28,英语基本句型5 复合宾语结构说明: 此结构由“主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语”构成。宾语与宾语补足语之间有逻辑上的主
25、谓关系或主表关系，若无宾语补足语，则句意不够完整。可以用做宾补的有：名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，动词不定式，分词等。如： The sun keeps us warm. I heard him singing. You must get your hair cut. They made Tom monitor. He used to do his homework with his radio on.用 it 做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面，以使句子结构平衡，是英语常用的句型结构方式。即：主语+谓语+it+宾补+真正宾语。如： I found it very pleasant
26、to be with your family.,2019/6/5,29,巩固练习： 1我们叫她Alice. 2我们大家都认为他是诚实的。 3他们把小偷释放了。 4我要你把真相告诉我。 5 .卫兵命令我们立即离开。 6. 每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。 7他每个月理一次发 8我们不会让她在晚上外出的。,We call her Alice.,All of us considered him honest.,They have set the thief free.,I want you to tell me the truth.,The guards ordered us to leave a
27、t once.,Every morning we hear him read English aloud.,We wont let her go out at night.,We wont let her go out at night.,2019/6/5,30,9那可怕的声音把孩子们吓坏了 10她正在听人家讲故事。 11我从来没看见这个字这样用过。 12他感到很难跟你交谈。 13我认为有可能用另一种方法解题。 14学校定了一条规则，开始上课时学生要起立。,The terrible sound made the children frightened.,She is listening to
28、someone telling stories.,I have never seen the word used that way before.,He felt it very difficult to talk with you.,I consider it possible to work out the problem in another way.,The school made it a rule that the students should stand up when class begins.,2019/6/5,31,英语基本句型6 There be 句型 说明： 此句型是
29、由“there+be+主语+状语”构成，用以表达存在关系可以称“有”。 它其实是倒装的一种情况，主语位于谓语动词 be 之后，there 仅为引导词，并无实际语意。此句型有时不用be动词，而用 live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exist, arrive等。如：There stands a hill in the middle of the park.Once upon a time there lived an old king in the town.,2019/6/5,32,Be 与其后的主语在人称和数量上一致，有时态和情态变化。如：现在有 ther
30、e is/are 过去有 there was/were 将来有 there will be；there is /are going to be.现在已经有 there has/have been 可能有 there might be.肯定有 there must be /there must have been. 过去曾经有 there used to be 似乎有 there seems/seem/seemed to be 碰巧有 there happen/happens/happened to be ,2019/6/5,33,巩固练习： 2这个村子过去只有一口井。 4客人当中有两名美国人和
31、两名法国人。 5天气预报说下午有大风。 6灯亮着，办公室里肯定有人。 7战前这儿一直有家电影院的. 8恰好那时房里没人。 9从前，在海边的一个村子里住着一位老渔夫。 10公共汽车来了。11就只剩下二十八美元了。 13铃响了。,2019/6/5,34,There was only a well in the village. Among the guests there were two Americans and two Frenchmen. The weatherman says therell be a strong wind in the afternoon. The light is
32、on. There must be someone in the office. There used to be a cinema here before the war. There happened to be nobody in the room. Once, there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea. There comes the bus.There remained only twenty eight dollars. There goes the bell.,2019/6/5,35,1. I turned on t
33、he TV.I watched it.2. I bought my sister a present.She didnt like it.,并列句,并列句,I turned on the TV and watched it.,I bought my sister a present,but she didnt like it.,2019/6/5,36,阅读下列各组句子,填入适当的 并列连词.1.She tried hard,_she was unsuccessful.2.Put on more clothes,_you maycatch cold.,but,or,2019/6/5,37,4.I
34、n the old days,he could_ read _write. 5.How great he is!He can_ read French _speak it well. 6.He knew nothing about the man,_ he didnt trust him.,neither,nor,both,and,so,2019/6/5,38,请用合适的并列连词把每组句子合并为一个并列句。 1.He was tired. He went to bed. 2.The child hid behind his mothersskirt. He was afraid of the
35、dog.,He was tired, so he went to bed.,The child hid behind his mothers skirt,for he was afraid of the dog.,2019/6/5,39,3.He made a promise.He didnt keep it.,He made a promise, but he didnt keep it.,4.Mary is opening the door. John is greeting her guests.,Mary is opening the door,and John is greeting
36、 her guests.,2019/6/5,40,请用括号中所给的词把每组句子连接为一个复合句。,I still remember the day .I first came to Beijing on that day.(when),I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.,2019/6/5,41,词汇反映你知识贮存量的多少，也是衡量英语水平的一个重要标志。,运用得当的句子结构可以给文章增色不少，从而使整篇文章因此而生辉 。,使用恰当连接词，对写一篇有“英语味”的文章很重要，能使文章上下衔接自然、紧凑。,增强书面表达效果的技
37、巧,2019/6/5,42,1. Because the weather was good, our journey was comfortable.2.We all think he is a great man.3.Suddenly I thought out a good idea.4.The students there neednt pay for their books.5. As a result the plan was a failure.,The plan turned out to be a failure.,Thanks to the good weather, our
38、 journey was comfortable.,一、怎样使用较高级的词汇,We all think highly of him .,A good idea occurred to me.,/ A good idea suddenly struck me.,Books are free for the students there.,2019/6/5,43,6. When she heard he had died, she went pale with sorrow.7. She went to Austria in order to study music. 8. When he spo
39、ke, he felt more and more excited.9.In our school, there are twenty-six classrooms.10.You can find my house easily.,She went to Austria for the purpose of studying music.,At the news of his death, she went pale with sorrow.,The more he spoke, the more excited he felt.,Our school is made up of twenty
40、six classrooms.,Youll have no trouble finding my house.,2019/6/5,44,丰富的句式：(常用到的句型结构）利用不同的句型来表达同一个意思，能增加文章的文采。,1. 感叹句 e.g. How happy I was when I received your letter!What a kind boy he is! How disappointed he was ! 2. 强调句 e.g. It was this young boy that helped the old granny. I do hope you can come
41、if possible.,2019/6/5,45,3、 倒装句 e.g. Only in this way can you solve this problem.There comes the police car.Hardly had they got to the stationwhen they met the young man. 4、 省略句 e.g. They read while walking or riding on a bus.Come to me if necessary. 5、 with短语 e.g. I saw a young lady walking slowly
42、in the street with a handbag in her hand.,2019/6/5,46,6、 定语从句 e.g. In my opinion, cyber cafesshould be a place where we canfind much useful information.Lets come to the main teachingbuilding, at the back of which standsthe school library. 7、 各种名词性从句 e.g. Thats what I should do.We should do a favour
43、to whoever needs help at present.,2019/6/5,47,8、 各种状语从句 e.g. Time passed quickly before we knew it.The moment we reached the farm, we got down to harvesting.So long as we work harder at our lessons, well catch up sooner or later.Do call me before hand so that I can meetyou at the airport. They had t
44、o wait because the rain wasgetting more and more heavily.,2019/6/5,48,1 When he arrives, please give me an e-mail.（使用V-ing形式）.2. To his surprise, the little girl knows so many things.（使用名词性从句）3. Though Im weak, Ill make the effort. (使用倒装句)4. He did not know what had happened until he had read the ne
45、ws in the newspaper.(使用强调句型) 5. I passed the physics exam because of your help.(用虚拟语气）,On his arriving, please give me an e-mail.,What surprises him is that the little girl knows so many things.,Practice 怎样使用较丰富的句式,Weak as I am, Ill make the effort.,It was not until he had read the news in the newsp
46、aper that he knew what had happened.,I couldnt have passed the physics exam but for your help.,2019/6/5,49,6. She walked out of the lab and many students followed her. (使用过去分词)7. They sang and laughed as they went back to school.( 使用V-ing形式)8.I wont believe what he says. （使用状语从句）9.If you study hard,
47、 you will make rapid progress. （用并列句）10He had no sooner come back from Beijing than he was sent abroad. (使用倒装句),No sooner had he come back from Beijing than he was sent abroad.,Followed by many students, she walked out of the lab.,Singing and laughing, they went back to school.,No matter what he say
48、s, I wont believe.,Study hard and youll make rapid progress.,2019/6/5,50,高考大纲中常用的连接词1. 表示递进;在同一话题上补充内容另外，还有：what is more; besides;also; moreover; in addition2. 表示转折关系但是， 然而， 相反：but; however; yet;instead; on the other hand; on the contrary.,2019/6/5,51,3. 表示因果关系因为，因此，所以: since; as; because(of ); so;
49、thus; therefore; as a result; 4. 表示条件关系如果，只要: if ;on condition ( that );as long as除非: unless 否则: or else,2019/6/5,52,5. 表示时间关系当 的时候 : when ; while在之后: after 在之前: before 直到: until一就 : as soon as 后来， 然后: later; afterwards不久: soon 近来: lately; recently自从 :since 从那时起: from then on,2019/6/5,53,6. 表示特定的顺序关系首先， 最主要的: above all 其次: secondly 然后: then; next 最后: finally; in the end7. 换一种方法表述换句话说: in other words;that is to say;,
