1、Lecture 7 Conversion,翻译中的转译,1) His drawing of children is exceptionally good. 2) I was reliably informed. 3) Talking with his son, the old man was the forgiver of the young mans past wrong things. 4) He admires the Presidents stated decision to fight for the job. 5) Round-the-clock service features
2、the store.,Definition,Conversion, one of the commonly adopted translation techniques, means the change of parts of speech in translation. Owing to the syntactical differences between English and Chinese, it is usually impossible for a translator to keep to the original part of speech in the process
3、of translation.,1) His drawing of children is exceptionally good. 2) I was reliably informed. 3) Talking with his son, the old man was the forgiver of the young mans past wrong things. 4) He admires the Presidents stated decision to fight for the job. 5) Round-the-clock service features the store.,W
4、ords whose parts of speech tend to be converted in translation,gerunds (V-ing) derivatives V-er participles (V-ed/ V-ing) adj. zero-suffix derivatives (Noun with verbal property),Conversion Into Verbs,1. English nouns Chinese verbs,受英语语法的制约，句子的谓语只能由一到两个动词来充当，而要表现其他的行为动作则要由其他词性的词来表示。由动词派生出来的名词就是其中的一种
5、。这些名词具有动作意义，因此在翻译成汉语时多译成动词。,Can you identify the predicate verbs and nouns derived from verbs in these sentences?,(1) Ambassador Wilson, a shaggy-haired, camera-friendly presence, has been meeting the press on a regular basis. (2) In Kenya, she received the news of her fathers death and her own acce
6、ssion to the throne. (3) What I despised him was his drinking, gambling and cursing.,(1) Ambassador Wilson, a shaggy-haired, camera-friendly presence, has been meeting the press on a regular basis. 威尔逊大使看起来很上镜，梳着蓬松的头发，正在定期会见记者。 (2) In Kenya, she received the news of her fathers death and her own acc
7、ession to the throne. 在肯尼亚她接到了父亲去世,由她本人继承王位的消息。 (3) What I despised him was his drinking, gambling and cursing. 我看不起他，因为他嗜酒，好赌，说话带脏字。,A.) “verb-er/or” verb,(4) I am afraid I cant teach you swimming. I think my little brother is a better teacher than I. 我未必会教你游泳。我想我的小弟弟比我教得好。 (5) Almost all teachers
8、are tough markers here. 这里的老师打分都很严格。 Similar expressions: a good listener, a heavy smoker, weight watcher, calorie counter, blame-shifter, clock-watcher, early riser, a poor loser, an active promoter of peace talk, a regular contributor to the magazine, etc. a. 他能吃能睡。 He is a big eater and a good sl
9、eeper. b. 你肯定没学好，要么就是你的老师没教好。You must be a very bad learner, or else you must be going to a very bad teacher.,(6) Alice Doll, though it has had a smaller circle of admirers, has yet been carved and dressed with the greatest care of him. 那个叫爱丽丝的洋娃娃虽然没有那么受欢迎/叫座，他也费了好些心血雕刻她的脸蛋，设计她的服装。,B.) verbal noun v
10、erb,(7) Scientists are only beginning to understand why physical workouts can also provide a mental and emotional boost. 科学家们刚开始了解为什么锻炼身体也能增进智力，改善情绪。 (8) It is already dark, and the chorus of insects and frogs is in full swing. 天已经擦黑，虫鸣蛙叫，一片喧闹。 (9) An old bag, but she is a mighty cook. 这个老婆子，做饭倒是有两下
11、子。,2. English preposition Chinese verbs,(1) Boom! I landed on my stomach, in a cloud of dust. 我砰地一下摔了个脸朝地，扬起一大团尘土。 (2) She is above personal grudges. 她不计较个人恩怨。 (3) China lost a great artist in him. 他的去世使中国失去了一位伟大的艺术家。 (4) She went, with her neat figure, and her sober womanly step, down the dark stre
12、et. 她顺着黑黑的街道走着，迈着女人端庄的步子，身材显得很匀称。 (5) He was a man, who, if the price was right, could always find a way round the law. 他这个人，只要开的价钱合适，总能想办法钻法律的空子。,3. English adjectives/adverbs Chinese verb,A ) Dynamic adjective verb 英语中表示知觉、情欲、欲望等心理状态的形容词动词 (1) The noon sun clarified the air. I became aware of two
13、surfers well out from the shore. 正午时天朗气清，我注意到有两个冲浪者离岸很远。 (2) They were news-hungry. 他们急于打听到消息。 Similar expressions: power hungry, skin hungry, etc.,B. ) Adj./adv. derived from verb verb,(3)This is a thought-provokingly different explanation. 这种解释完全不同，但却很能给人启发/发人深省。 (4) The area could be profitably r
14、ehabilitated. 重建这些地区是将带来可观的收益。 (5)Ida is sometimes favorably compared with Sally. 有时人们把爱达和莎丽拿来比较，觉得爱达更好些。 (6) High cost proved to be prohibitive. 成本太高会使许多人望而却步。,(7) Some assumed this was because of a deferential element in the working class voters to whom Heaths similar background would make little
15、appeal. 有些人认为，这是由于工人阶级选民中有一部分人总是眼睛往上看，象希思这样同他们具有同样社会出身的人往往不投合他们的心意。,Other types of conversion,Conversion into nouns Conversion into adjectives Conversion into adverbs,In-class practice:,(1) A well-dressed man, who looked and talked like an American, got into the car. 一个穿着讲究的人上了车。他的外表和谈吐都像个美国人。(verb
16、noun) (2) He sometimes, as I thought, bore me down more by his fluency than by the strength of his reasons. 我认为，他有时之所以能把我难倒，原因倒不是因为他理由充足，而是他口齿伶俐。(noun adjective) (3) The improbable pregnancy was big news for the womans family. 她竟然能怀孕，对她的家人来说可是个大消息。(noun verb) (4) He had the kindness to show me the w
17、ay. 他好心地给我指路. (noun adverb),(5) When he catches a glimpse of a potential antagonist, his instinct is to win him over with charm and humor. 只要一发现有可能反对他的人，他就本能地要用他的魅力和风趣将这人争取过来。(noun adverb) (6) The so-called critics are only generically mentioned, but not individually mentioned. 那些所谓的批评者也只是泛泛而指，从来不指名
18、道姓。(adverb Noun) (7) Men tend to enjoy public, referentially orientated talk, while women enjoy intimate, affectively orientated talk. 男人们喜欢公开谈论有具体内容的话题，而女人则喜欢私下交流感情。(noun adverb; adverb verb) (8) The navy is now positioned to safeguard both the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. 这支舰队所处的位置，既可以保卫太平洋，也可保卫大西洋。 (verb noun),Thank you!,
