1、一、经喷药处理过得玉米种群随机抽取 9 个果穗，其穗重分别为308，305，311，298，315，300，321，294，320 g。（1）求其平均数、标准差、中位数、极差、标准误、变异系数，以及 95%的置信区间；（2）已知此玉米单交种群的平均穗重为 300 g，问喷药与否的果穗重差异是否显著？(1) StatisticsOne-Sample TestTest Value = 095% Confidence Interval of the Differencet df Sig. (2-tailed)Mean Difference Lower UpperVAR00002 96.073 8 .
2、000 308.00000 300.6072 315.3928(2)One-Sample TestTest Value = 30095% Confidence Interval of the Differencet df Sig. (2-tailed)Mean Difference Lower Upper 2.495 8 .037 8.000 .61 15.39t=2.495,p=0.0370.05，故方差齐性。独立样本T检验，p=0.190.05，接受原假设，健株和病株平均高度无显著差异。四、孟德尔用豌豆的两对性状进行杂交实验，黄色圆滑种子与绿色皱缩种子的豌豆杂交后，F2 代分离的情况为：黄
3、圆 315 粒，黄皱 101 粒，绿圆 108 粒，绿皱 32 粒，共 556 粒，问此结果是否符合自由组合定律？315 312.8 2.3101 104.3 -3.3108 104.3 3.832 34.8 -2.85561234TotalObserved N Expected N ResidualTest Statistics.4703.925Chi-SquareadfAsymp. Sig.0 cells (.0%) have expected frequencies less than5. The minimum expected cell frequency is 34.8.a. P=
4、0.9250.05接收原假设，认为这两对相对性状的遗传符合孟德尔遗传规律中9:3:3:1的比例。五、某仓库调查不同品种的耐贮情况，随机抽取国光苹果 200 个，腐烂 14 个，178 个红星苹果中腐烂 16 个，试测试这两种苹果耐贮差异是否显著？ * Crosstabulation186 14 200184.1 15.9 200.093.0% 7.0% 100.0%162 16 178163.9 14.1 178.091.0% 9.0% 100.0%348 30 378348.0 30.0 378.092.1% 7.9% 100.0%CountExpected Count% within Co
5、untExpected Count% within CountExpected Count% within Total Total由上表可知国光正常效率为93.0%，红星正常有效率为91.0%。Chi-Square Tests.510b 1 .475.274 1 .601.509 1 .476.568 .300.508 1 .476378Pearson Chi-SquareContinuity CorrectionaLikelihood RatioFishers Exact TestLinear-by-LinearAssociationN of Valid CasesValue df Asym
6、p. Sig.(2-sided) Exact Sig.(2-sided) Exact Sig.(1-sided)Computed only for a 2x2 tablea. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 14.13.b. 2 =0.510，P=0.4750.05，不拒绝H。可以认为两种苹果耐贮性居于相同水平。六、欲比较两种检验方法对血样中某抗体的检出率，将 100 份血样同时用两种方法进行检测，结果见下表，问两种方法的检测结果有无差别？表 2. A、B 两种检验方法对血
7、中某抗体的检出情况A * B Crosstabulation46 14 6030.0 30.0 60.076.7% 23.3% 100.0%4 36 4020.0 20.0 40.010.0% 90.0% 100.0%50 50 10050.0 50.0 100.050.0% 50.0% 100.0%CountExpected Count% within ACountExpected Count% within ACountExpected Count% within A+-ATotal+ -BTotalBA+ 合计+ 46 14 60 4 36 40合计 50 50 100Chi-Squar
8、e Tests42.667b 1 .00040.042 1 .00047.430 1 .000.000 .00042.240 1 .000.031c100Pearson Chi-SquareContinuity CorrectionaLikelihood RatioFishers Exact TestLinear-by-LinearAssociationMcNemar TestN of Valid CasesValue df Asymp. Sig.(2-sided) Exact Sig.(2-sided) Exact Sig.(1-sided)Computed only for a 2x2 t
9、ablea. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 20.00.b. Binomial distribution used.c. McNemar 2检验的P值为0.31，表明A和B两种检测结果的阳性率间有差异。七、 用 A、B、C、D 4 种不同 N、P 配比的营养液浇灌种植的小麦幼苗，30 天后计算平均日增重(g)，得到如下的数据，问 4 种营养液的效果是否相同？A 营养液：31.9, 24.0, 31.8, 35.9B 营养液：24.8, 25.7, 26.8, 25.9C
10、营养液：22.2, 23.0, 26.7, 24.3D 营养液：27.0, 30.8, 29.0, 24.6Descriptives4 30.900 4.9806 2.4903 22.975 38.825 24.0 35.94 25.800 .8206 .4103 24.494 27.106 24.8 26.84 24.050 1.9672 .9836 20.920 27.180 22.2 26.74 27.850 2.6652 1.3326 23.609 32.091 24.6 30.816 27.150 3.7709 .9427 25.141 29.159 22.2 35.9ABCDTot
11、alN Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound95% Confidence Interval forMeanMinimum MaximumTest of Homogeneity of Variances2.015 3 12 .166LeveneStatistic df1 df2 Sig.ANOVA103.940 3 34.647 3.802 .040109.360 12 9.113213.300 15Between GroupsWithin GroupsTotalSum ofSquares df Mean Square F
12、Sig.Duncana4 24.0504 25.8004 27.850 27.8504 30.900.115 .179CBDASig.N 1 2Subset for alpha = .05Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 4.000.a. 202530351 2 3 4baaba1.正态性检验结果表明，4组营养液30 d试验后，各组增重的P值分别为0.802，0.997，0.996，1.000，均服从正态分布。2.方差齐性检验结果表明，P=0.1660.0
13、5，即方差齐性。 3.方差分析结果表明，P= 0.040.01，表明不同配比营养液效果无显著差异。 4. 多重比较结果表明，饲料5对猪增重效果最佳。 八、四川西部高山区林麝的种群密度在不同的海拔高度是不同的，推测影响其分布的因素可能是海拔高度，或者是不同的植被类型。通过对不同海拔高度和不同植被类型中林麝种群数量的调查（见下表） ，分析海拔高度和不同植被对种群密度的影响。表 3. 林麝种群数量统计表（只/100km 2）植被类型海拔高度（m ）原生林 次生乔木林 次生灌木林 人工林125 98 76 56154 139 112 671000-15001500-20002000-2500 268
14、225 198 942500-3000 188 105 84 62Tests of Between-Subjects EffectsDependent Variable: 53727.375a 6 8954.563 15.123 .000262912.563 1 262912.563 444.021 .00026526.188 3 8842.063 14.933 .00127201.188 3 9067.063 15.313 .0015329.063 9 592.118321969.000 1659056.438 15SourceCorrected ModelInterceptErrorTot
15、alCorrected TotalType III Sumof Squares df Mean Square F Sig.R Squared = .910 (Adjusted R Squared = .850)a. 1. Dependent Variable: 88.750 12.167 61.227 116.273118.000 12.167 90.477 145.523196.250 12.167 168.727 223.773109.750 12.167 82.227 137.2731000-15001500-20002000-25002500-3000Mean Std. Error L
16、ower Bound Upper Bound95% Confidence Interval2. Dependent Variable: 183.750 12.167 156.227 211.273141.750 12.167 114.227 169.273117.500 12.167 89.977 145.02369.750 12.167 42.227 97.273-Mean Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound95% Confidence IntervalDuncana,b4 69.754 117.504 141.754 183.751.000 .192 1.
17、000-Sig.N 1 2 3SubsetMeans for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.Based on Type III Sum of SquaresThe error term is Mean Square(Error) = 592.118.Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 4.000.a. Alpha = .05.b. Duncana,b4 88.754 109.754 118.004 196.25.138 1.0001000-15002500-30001500-20002000-2500Sig
18、.N 1 2SubsetMeans for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.Based on Type III Sum of SquaresThe error term is Mean Square(Error) = 592.118.Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 4.000.a. Alpha = .05.b. 海 拔 高 度501001502002501 2 3 4海 拔 区 间种群数量aaba植 被 类 型501001502002501 2 3 4植 被 类 型种群数量cbba1方差分析结果表明：海拔
19、高度间F = 14.933，P = 0.001，表明不同海拔高度对林麝种群密度有显著影响。植被类型间F=15.313，P=0.001，表明不同植被对林麝种群密度有显著影响。2. 多重比较结果表明：以海拔高度2000-2500对林麝种群密度效果最大，海拔高度1000-1500、1500-2000、2500-3000之间无显著差异(p0.05)皆低于2000-2500；以原生林对林麝种群密度效果最大，人工林效果最小，次生灌木林与次生乔木林无显著差异(p0.05)，且皆高于人工林，低于原生林。九、根据下表原始数据，求某市 4 周岁至未满 11 岁女孩的年龄(x，年龄) 与平均身高(y，身高)的回归方
20、程和相关系数，并检验回归关系的显著性。 （保留小数点后 3 位）表 4. 某市 4 周岁至未满 11 岁女孩的年龄与平均身高X（岁） 4.5 5.5 6.5 7.5 8.5 9.5 10.5Y（cm）101.1 106.6 112.1 116.1 121.1 125.5 129.2Model Summary.998a .996 .996 .6706Model1R R SquareAdjustedR SquareStd. Error ofthe EstimatePredictors: (Constant), a. ANOVAb613.829 1 613.829 1365.148 .000a2.2
21、48 5 .450616.077 6RegressionResidualTotalModel1 Sum ofSquares df Mean Square F Sig.Predictors: (Constant), a. Dependent Variable: b. Coefficientsa80.841 .984 82.186 .0004.682 .127 .998 36.948 .000(Constant)Model1 B Std. ErrorUnstandardizedCoefficientsBetaStandardizedCoefficientst Sig.Dependent Variable: a. 年龄与身高801001201404 6 8 10 12年龄/岁身高/cm身高线性 (身高)(1) Y对x的直线回归方程:y = 4.6821x + 80.841(2) R2 = 0.9964R=0.998F=13650148, P=0.0000.05,即直线回归效果极显著。统计作业班级：10 动物科学（2）学号：81100707姓名：吴国超
