1、Para.11.Let the cat out of the bag 说漏了嘴， （无意中）泄露秘密2.Sound：vt. 使发声；听（诊） ；测量，测深；宣告；试探n. 声音，语音；海峡；吵闹；噪音；听力范围；探条adj. 合理的；健全的，健康的；可靠的；有效彻底的adv. 彻底地，充分地vi. 听起来；发出声音；测深；回响3.Dominant:adj. 支配的，统治的；占优势的；显性的n. 显性4.Reform Bill: 改革法案；修正法案5.Solidity sliditin. 体积；固体性；坚硬，坚固, 坚毅辨析6.Hypocrisy hipkrisin. 虚伪；伪善 1.an ex
2、pression of agreement that is not supported by real conviction2.insincerity by virtue of pretending to have qualities or beliefs that you do not really haveHypocrite n. 伪君子，伪善者Hypocritic adj. 虚伪的；伪善的Hypocritical adj. 伪善的；虚伪的7.Dignified Ad j. 有尊严的；高贵的；庄严的v. 使高贵（dignify 的过去式）Dignify vt. 使高贵；增威严；授以荣誉Di
3、gnityn. 尊严；高贵8.Amount to 相当于，总计为，达到，实际上eg.Now, you may say this doesnt amount to a very limited government, and the libertarian may complain Locke is not such a terrific ally after all.现在或许你会说，这并不算真正有限的政府，而自由主义者会抱怨洛克并不算他们的好盟友。9.Aristocracy ,ristkrsin. 贵族；贵族统治；上层社会；法贵族政治1.a privileged class holding h
4、ereditary titles2.he most powerful members of a societyeg.They throw heraldry, they throw every kind of vestige of Old World culture and monarchy and aristocracy and civilization.他们抛掉了世代相传的家徽,抛掉一切来自旧文明,和旧君主政体的痕迹,抛掉了贵族政治和文明辨析Aristocrat n. 贵族（成员） Aristocratic adj. 贵族的；贵族政治的；有贵族气派的Aristocratism n. 贵族主义
5、；贵族10.Samurai n.武士，武士阶级，日本陆军军官，日本军阀11.Substantial adj. 大量的；实质的；内容充实的n. 本质；重要材料Substantial step 实质措施； substantial savings 巨额储蓄辨析 Substaintial adj. 实在的，本质的；重要的（近：crucial considerable）Sustainableadj. 可以忍受的；足可支撑的；养得起的,可持续的Sustainable development 可持续发展Substantive adj. 有实质的；大量的；真实的；独立存在的n. 名词性实词；独立存在的实体Su
6、bstantive law 实体法； substantive characteristics 本质特征 12.Caper keipvi. 雀跃n. 跳跃，雀跃；嬉戏：刺山柑花蕾；不法活动(caper the caper 去玩；the Caper 犯罪行为13.Bannern. 旗帜，横幅；标语14.Contractor n.承包人，立契约者Para.215.Isle n. 岛 vt 成为岛屿 i. 住在岛屿上islet 小岛； 辨析peninsula pininsjul 半岛insular insjul, ins- adj. 孤立的；与世隔绝的；海岛的；岛民的16.Exclude from 拒
7、绝进入，不让进入；把赶出；排除，排斥；剥夺(或撤销)的权利(或职位等)eg.Forgive me. You and your sister l must exclude from this.原谅我，当然你和你姐姐除外。17. Aligarh n. 阿里格尔（印度北部城市）18.Flourish n. 兴旺；茂盛；挥舞；炫耀；华饰vt. 夸耀；挥舞vi. 繁荣，兴旺；茂盛；活跃；处于旺盛时期1.a showy gestureShe entered with a great flourish2.an ornamental embellishment in writing3.a display of
8、 ornamental speech or language4.the act of waving5.(music) a short lively tune played on brass instrumentsHe entered to a flourish of trumpets19.Compulsory adj. 义务的；被强制的；必修的n. （花样滑冰、竞技体操等的）规定动作近义词 obligatory adj. 义务的；必须的；义不容辞的20.Fag n. 苦工；疲劳vt. 使劳累vi. 努力地工作n.1.offensive terms for an openly homosexua
9、l man2.finely ground tobacco wrapped in paper; for smokingCleaning ovens is a real fag .清洗烤箱是一件累人的活。V.1.act as a servant for older boys, in British public schools2.work hard3.exhaust or get tired through overuse or great strain or stress20. Espit de corps （法语）team spirit21.Out of all proportion 不成比例
10、eg.We knew everything had been blown out of all proportion and we were really keen to show how together we are.我们知道每件事都被过分夸大，而我们也真的渴望能告诉人们我们有多团结！Para.322.Set to 开始认真干eg.The factory is all set to produce the new product line.工厂都已准备好了，可以开始生产新的产品线。23.Emigrate emireit vi. 移居；移居外国vt. 移民eg.What finally dr
11、ove him, and his Jewish wife Tamara, to emigrate was the communist-inspired anti-Semitic campaign of 1968.最终，1968年由共产党挑起的反犹运动使得他与犹太裔夫人塔玛拉远走他乡。24.Barrister n. 美口律师；（加拿大）出庭律师（等于 arrister-at-law） ；（英） （有资格出席高等法庭并辩护的）专门律师近义词 attorney , solicitor 25.Schoolmaster n. 男校长；教导者；男教师辨析Schoolmate n. 同学；同窗Schoolm
12、iss女学生 , 天真少女26.Miniature minit （in ）n. 缩图；微型画；微型图画绘画术adj. 微型的，小规模的vt. 是的缩影27.Prolong vt. 拖延；延长I think living in a brighter life is actually to improve the life quality and to prolong the life expectancy.我认为色彩更明亮的生活对于提高生活质量以及延长寿命大有实际意义。28.Worship n. 崇拜；礼拜；尊敬vt. 崇拜；尊敬；爱慕vi. 拜神；做礼拜n.1.the activity of
13、worshipping2.a feeling of profound love and admirationv.1.love unquestioningly and uncritically or to excess; venerate as an idol2.show devotion to (a deity)3.attend religious servicesThey worship in the traditional manner29.The battle of waterloo 滑铁卢战役30.Compose of 由组成eg.Computer simulations are co
14、mpose of there parts.在计算机模拟试验中，分三个部分。31.Subtlety 微妙；敏锐；精明近义词delicacy n. 微妙；精密para.432.Fall out 吵架，争吵，不和(常与 over，with 连用)：；(意外地 )发生，结果是，证明是eg.Take care when placing item, as when opened, they may fall out and injure other passengers.注意在放置物品时，因为开门时，它们可能会掉下来伤到其他乘客。Dont fall out over whether Germany and
15、 China are spending enough public money to get the world economy going.在关于中德两国是否应该刺激足够的社会消费以维持世界经济运转的问题上，不应争论不休。33.Bottle up 隐藏，克制；装入瓶中控制，严密封锁Para.534.Continent n. 大陆，洲，陆地adj. 自制的，克制的35.Plunge n. 投入；跳进vi. 投入；跳进；陷入vt. 使陷入；使投入；使插入 plunge in :start talking about sth. Confidently and quickly without wor
16、rying 开始谈论某事;使进入 plunge into. 使遭受； 把投入Eg. Zoe plunged in and started chatting happily.The hall was suddenly plunged into darkness36.Interval n. 间隔；间距；幕间休息n.1.a definite length of time marked off by two instants2.a set containing all points (or all real numbers) between two given endpoints3.the dista
17、nce between things4.the difference in pitch between two notes37.Fuss n. 大惊小怪，大惊小怪的人；小题大作；忙乱vt. 使烦恼，使烦忧vi. 小题大作；忙乱；焦燥；焦急；无事自扰Make a fuss about 小题大作,大惊小怪(=get/be in a fuss)38.Buck up 使振作；打起精神；加快Buck your ideas up 改进思想eg.The good news made all of us buck up .这条好消息使我们大家倍受鼓舞。Para 6 1. scolding skuldi reb
18、uking a person harshlyn. 责骂，斥责adj. 责骂的v. 责骂；训斥（scold 的 ing 形式）Example: Most of you will be in favor or not morally scolding of homosexuality.大部份人会赞成或不赞成,从道德上谴责同性恋。2. rouse rauz become activevt. 唤醒；激起，使振奋；惊起 vi. 醒来；奋起n. 觉醒；奋rouse up 用力拉从睡中喊起来；用力拉；从睡中喊起来起rouse from 唤醒 rouse oneself 振作精神 奋起 rouse the g
19、orge 大怒Satan has roused himself from off the burning marl, and he stands in order to call up his fallen minions, to rouse them to acts- great acts of heroism.撒旦已经从灰土中站起身，召唤着他同样堕落了的随从们，唤醒他们实现英雄之举。3. fury fjuri a feeling of intense angern. 狂怒；暴怒；激怒者 Lightning Fury 闪电之怒；狂暴闪电4. slop slp vt. 溢出，使溅出vi. 溅出
20、；泼洒Para 7 1. liabilities ,laibilitis anything that is owed to someone else n. 会计 负债；债务（ liability 复数形式）；碍事的人或物total liabilities 负债总额；负债合计；负；总负债gross liabilities 总负债The obvious choices have both advantages and serious liabilities.那些明显的选择即具有优势也具有重大责任。2. munificence mju:nifisns liberality in bestowing
21、gifts; extremely liberal and generous of spirit n. 慷慨给与；宽宏大量 ；丰厚The canines werent the only ones who benefited from Ms. Posners munificence. 波斯纳女士如此慷慨，受益者可不仅仅是这些狗狗3. clay klein. 土壤 粘土；泥土；肉体；似黏土的东西vt. 用黏土处理4. copiously kupisli richly, abundantlyadv. 充裕地；丰富地Their mouths water copiously when they see t
22、he respect in which those small moneybags are held. 他们看见那些受人尊敬的小财东，往往垂着一尺长的涎水。5.acutely kju:tli pointedly, pungently adv.尖锐地；剧烈地acutely aware 清醒地看到；苏醒地看到；深刻地意识到para 8 1 dizzy dizi foolish, stupid confuse adj. 晕眩的；使人头晕的；昏乱的；心不在焉的；愚蠢的vt. 使头晕眼花；使混乱；使茫然2 totter tt titubate, bargevi. 蹒跚；踉跄n. 蹒跚的步子Teeter
23、totter 跷跷板3 frantic frntik crazy, possessed,adj. 狂乱的，疯狂的When they talked they suddenly became frantic and almost silly.她们一说话就会变得粗野，甚至愚蠢。4 gesticulated destikjuleit show, express or direct through movementvi. 用姿势示意；（讲话时）做手势vt. 用手势谈话；做姿势表达 过去式 gesticulated 过去分词 gesticulated 现在分词 gesticulating The guar
24、ds gesticulated that he had better not linger there.警卫人员作手势，示意他不要在那儿逗留。5 draw up hotel, roadhousen. 客栈；旅馆vi. 住旅馆 7 gaily adv. 华丽地；欢乐地 in a gay manner8 tip over (使)翻转；(使)倒翻 （文中意思）美国俚语抢劫；袭击(警察等) 搜捕，搜查美国俚语 死，死掉Why do you always tip over this photo? 你为什么总把这张照片翻倒? 。9 fruitful fru:tful productive1. 结果实的，硕
25、果累累的，多(果)实的2. 多产的；丰饶的，肥沃的3. 有收获的，有利的，有益的，有用的；富有成效的4. 有助于多产的On the contrary, God explicitly commands humans to be fruitful and multiply, and he does that in the P-source, right?相反地，上帝曾明确要求人类,开枝散叶人丁兴旺，而这属于不洁的范畴，不是吗？Para9 无Para.101. Imperturbable ,impt:bbladj.not easily perturbed or excited or upset; m
26、arked by extreme calm and composure hitherto imperturbable, he now showed signs of alarm an imperturbable self-possession adj. 冷静的；泰然自若的短语ticklish imperturbable 不稳定的imperturbable a 沉着的Imperturbable Charm 不动咒；抗扰咒；沉垒咒语imperturbable a.沉着的imperturbable poised unshaken 泰然自若的face as imperturbable as fate
27、脸上坚毅沉着restive - calm / imperturbable 平静的1. Nobody can imperturbable acceptance of the inevitable.没有人能够泰然的接受不可避免的事。2. “Not exactly, Fred, “ replied the imperturbable Richard, continuing to write with a business-like air.“不完全是那么回事，福来德，” 沉住气的理查边说边一本正经地继续写着。3. The other houses of the street, conscious o
28、f decent lives within them, gazed at one another with brown imperturbable faces.街上其他的房子，知道自己容纳着体面的住户，彼此呈现出沉静的棕色面孔。近义词 contained philosophicalPara .111.Terra firma n.(拉丁语)， 陆地 the solid part of the earths surface例句：Youve probably heard that whales evolved from animals that lived on terra firma.或许你已经听
29、说过鲸鱼是由陆地上的生物演化而来的。 Endowed with terra firma grandeur, China is reputed as the single oldest uninterrupted civilization in the world.中国是一个幅员广阔，具有辉煌灿烂的文明史的独立主权国家。 In this parched and sunburnt country, a place where the smouldering sky is so big it bumps up against the ancient ochre terra firma, the Wi
30、ld West has yet to be won.在这个被太阳炙烤的炎热国度，闷热的广袤天空烘烤着这片古老的赭色大地，狂野的西部还未被（人类）征服。近义词：earth, land2.Complacency kmpleisnsi n.the feeling you have when you are satisfied with yourself his complacency was absolutely disgusting 得意例句：The answer seems to be an abundance of cheap money, which lured investors into
31、 complacency.答案似乎是丰盈的低息贷款让投资者于诱惑下变得扬扬自得。 “We have only one enemy, “ CDC director Gerberding has said repeatedly, “and that is complacency.CDC 局长葛柏丁再三劝告：我们的敌人只有一个，那就是轻忽大意。3. Abysmal bizml adj.1. very great; limitless abysmal misery abysmal stupidity 2. so deep as to be unmeasurable糟糕的 ，极度的，深不可测的 例句：H
32、e took courses to remedy his abysmal ignorance.他学课程以弥补他极大的无知。 Yet when Katrina struck, the execution of that plan was abysmal.然而卡崔娜来袭时，计画的执行却是惨不忍睹。近义词 ：excessive extreme 4.Snappy snpi 1. tending to speak irritably2. smart and fashionable snappy conversation 3. pleasantly cold and invigorating snappy
33、 weather 4. marked by up-to-dateness in dress and manners5. quick and energetic a snappy pace 反应快而粗暴的，时髦的，天气严寒的例句： Guest A Green Bean Sha and a snappy orange drink for this lady and me.客给我和这位女士拿一个绿豆沙、一听粒粒橙。 All right, but make it snappy . The meeting is to begin in a few minutes.好的，但要快，没有几分钟就要开会了。Pa
34、ra12 1、hypocrite hipkrit n. a person who professes beliefs and opinions that he or she does not hold in order to conceal his or her real feelings or motives伪君子 乡愿 假道学 伪善者 短语You Hypocrite 你这伪善者You say you care about the poor , but you dont help them , you hypocrite ! 你说你关心穷人，可你并不帮助他们，你这伪善者。 righteous
35、 hypocrite 别做一个只对自己正直的伪君子dont be a self-righteous hypocrite. 别做一个只对自己正直的伪君子 例句He is known to be a hypocrite . 人家知知他是一个伪君子。 He is a hypocrite , in spades. 人家认为他是一个伪君子。 2、brutal bru:tl (of weapons or instruments) causing suffering and pain “brutal instruments of torture“暴虐 残酷的 残暴的 强暴的 短语Brutal Boxing
36、血腥拳击Boxing is a brutal sport . 拳击是一项野蛮的运动。 Brutal Death 残酷死亡 ; 情毁灭Those who faced death penalty suffered brutal deaths . 面临死刑的人遭受着残酷的死亡。例句Brutal methods of interrogation such as water boarding are, in the ordinary meaning of the word , torture . 按酷刑这个词的普通含意理解，水刑等残忍的审讯方法属于酷刑。 Mr Liu suffered the brut
37、al side and other human rights activists have been arrested or harassed over the past year. 过去一年，刘晓波遭受了粗暴的对待，还有其他一些人权积极分子遭到逮捕或骚扰。 3、 concessions knsenz a contract granting the right to operate a subsidiary business ; “he got the beer concession at the ball park“ 同义词： grant ;the act of conceding or y
38、ielding 同义词： conceding yielding ; a point conceded or yielded 退位 让步；特许（权）；承认；退位Make Concessions 调和 ; 做出让We surely can make some concessions , but not in price . 我们的确能做些让步，但不是在价格上。Hollow concessions 虚伪的妥协My company mainly produces sales Mianshaozhuanji | block machine , hollow Zhuanji , Mutan Ji, and
39、 other construction materials used equipment , price concessions , reliable , there is a need to contact ! 我公司主要生产销售免烧砖机|砌块机，空心砖机，木炭机等建筑建材用设备，价格优惠，质量可靠，有需要者请联系！例句They are calm in part because the concessions on privacy are expected to be limited . 银行家能平心静气，一方面因为对客户隐私的妥协实在有限。 European industry felt t
40、oo much was being asked of it, while green groups thought industry had gained rather too many concessions . 欧洲的工业界感到他们被要求付出的太多，而绿色组织又认为工业界得到了太多的让步。 Para131、cite saitvt. n. a short note recognizing a source of information or of a quoted passage 同义词： citation acknowledgment credit reference mention qu
41、otation 引用；传讯；想起；表彰过去式 cited 过去分词 cited 现在分词 citing 引证 西黛 援引 短语Cite Soleil 太阳城 ; 索莱伊城 ILE CITE 由西提鸟 ; 西提岛 例句The investigators still cite the “cancer of corruption “ denounced by James Wolfensohn , an ex -president of the World Bank , in 1996 . 检察官门列出了这些所谓“腐败毒瘤” 的行为，这是由世界银行的前行长在 1996年提出的。 He suggests
42、 that the international financial system , which is based on a single currency (he does not cite the dollar ), has two main flaws . 他说国际金融系统基于单一货币（他没有确切的说是美元）有两个主要缺陷。 2、scarlet sk:lt n. a variable color that is vivid red but sometimes with an orange tinge 同义词： vermilion orange red adj. of a color at
43、 the end of the color spectrum (next to orange); resembling the color of blood or cherries or tomatoes or rubies 同义词： red reddish ruddy blood-red carmine cerise cherry cherry-red crimson ruby ruby-red adj. 深红的；鲜红色的；罪孽深重的；淫荡的n. 猩红色；红衣；绯红色；鲜红色布绯红 猩红色 绯色 深红色 短语scarlet macaw 金刚鹦鹉 ; 绯红金刚鹦鹉 ; 绯红金刚 ; 五彩金刚O
44、n rainbow wings almost three feet (one meter)across, a fledgling scarlet macaw in the Peruvian Amazon rides the wind for the first time. 在秘鲁的亚马逊河畔，一只翼展有 3 英尺长的金刚鹦鹉，展开它美丽如彩虹的翅膀滑翔着。 Scarlet Monastery 血色修道院 ; 猩红修道院 ; 血红修道院 ; 赤色修道院 Alliance How to Scarlet Monastery ? 联盟怎样到血色修道院？ 3、merciless m:silis adj.
45、 having or showing no mercy “the merciless enemy“; “ a merciless critic“; “ gave him a merciless beating“ 同义词： unmerciful adj. 残忍的；无慈悲心的无情 残忍的 心狠 蛇蝎心肠 短语Time Merciless 时间无情Time is merciless , goodlooking will As time passes ; 时光是无情的，美貌也会随着时光流逝； merciless mercilless 无慈悲心的 I dont know . But we will ne
46、ver again deal with such a merciless businessman . 我不知道。不过我们再也不会和这么无情的商人打交道了。 4、embark emb:k, im- go on board 同义词： ship set out on (an enterprise or subject of study) “she embarked upon a new career“ 同义词： enter proceed somewhere despite the risk of possible dangers 同义词： venture vi. 从事，着手；上船或飞机vt. 使从
47、事；使上船乘船 从事 上飞机 上船 短语embark in 花钱I advise you make thorough inquiry about the enterprise before you embark in it ; dont go it blind. 我劝你在着手参与这个企业之前要打听清楚，别轻率从事。embark cargo 装货The ship embark passenger and cargo at an italian port . 这艘船在意大利一个港口载客装货。 embark upon 从事Today I can mourn my lack of friends or
48、 I can excitedly embark upon a quest to discover new relationships . 今天因为自己缺少朋友，我可以哀伤悲痛；但我能去发掘新的感情，所以我又兴奋不已。 5、adjure du ask for or request earnestly 同义词： bid beseech entreat press conjure command solemnly vt. 恳请，恳求；起誓；（以起誓或诅咒等形式）命令过去式 adjured 过去分词 adjured 现在分词 adjuring 恳求 起誓 恳请 短语adjure a legal pro
49、vision 征引法律条文 Adjure Everybody To Help 恳请大家帮帮忙 We Adjure You Enclosed 我们指着你封闭 Adjure everybody to help , thank ! 恳请大家帮帮忙，谢谢！ Which adjure to help it is good to reply ? 恳请哪位帮忙回答一下好么？ 6、annuity nju:iti n. income from capital investment paid in a series of regular payments “his retirement fund was set up to be paid as an
