1、语法复习三：,名词性从句,语法复习三：名词性从句名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句厅分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。（一）引导名词性从句的连接词1、连接代词：who, whose, whom, what, which。有词义，在从句中 担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。2、连接副词：when, where, why, how。有词义，在从句中担任成 分，作状语。3、连接词：that, whether, if, as if。that 无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if (whether), as if虽有词 义，但在从句中不
2、担任成分。,注意：连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句，因而从句中谓语不用疑问式。连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分，连接词whether 和if（是否），as if（好象）在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。根据句义，如果连接代词与连接副词，whether、if 和as if都用不上时，才用that作连接词（that本身无任何含义）。 （二）主语从句1、主语从句在复合句作主语。e.g. Who will go is not important.2、用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。e.g. It doesnt matter so much whether you will come o
3、r not.3、that引导主语从句时，不能省略。e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.,三）表语从句 1、表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。e.g. The question was who could go there. 2、引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。e.g. My idea is (that) we can get more comrades to help in the work.（四）宾语从句 1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略。e.g. I hope
4、 (that) everything is all right. 2、介词之后的宾语从句，不可用which或if连接，要分别用what或 whether。e.g. Im interested in whether youve finished the workIm interested in what youve said.,3、whether与if都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。宾语从句是否定句时，只用if，不用whether。e.g. I wonder if it doesnt rain.用if 会引起误解，就要用whether。e.g. Please let me kn
5、ow whether you want to go.（此句如果把 whether改成if，容易当成条件句理解）宾语从句中的whether 与or not直接连用，就不能换成if；不直接连 用，可换。e.g.I dont know whether or not the report is true.I dont know whether/if the report is true or not.介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。whether 可与不定式连用。 whether也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，还可引导让步状语从句，以上均不能换成if。但引导条件从句时，只能用if，而不
6、 能用whether。e.g.It depends on whether we have enough time.They dont know whether to go there.Please come to see me if you have time.,（五）同位语从句同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词（如：news, fact, idea, suggestion, promise等）之后，说明该名词的具体内容。e.g. I have no idea when he will be back.The fact that he had not said anything
7、 surprised everybody.,练习：名词性从句,一、判断下列各句哪句含有名词性从句，并指出是什么从句： 1. China is no longer what it used to be. 2. The truth that the earth turn around the sun is known to all. 3. It was snowing when he arrived at the station. 4. How he persuaded the manager to change the plan is interesting to us all. 5. The
8、news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school. 6. The news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing. 7. That is where Lu Xun used to live. 8. He spoke as if he understood what he was talking about. 9. Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school?
9、10. I wonder why she refused my invitation.,表语从句,同位语从句,不是,主语从句,同位语从句,不是,表语从句,宾语从句,不是,宾语从句,答案,二、用适当的连词填空： 1. I cant decide _ dictionary I should buy. 2. Thats _ he refused my invitation. 3. I am very interested in _ he has improved his pronunciation in such a short time. 4. _ we need is more time. 5.
10、 The fact _ she had not said anything at the meeting surprised everybody. 6. _ and _ they will meet has not been decided yet. 7. Please tell me _ you are waiting for. 8. Is that _ you are looking for? 9. Would you please tell me _ the nearest post office is? 10. I dont know _ he will agree to the pl
11、an or not.,which,why,how,What,that,when,where,who(m),what,where,whether,答案,三、选择填空： 1. Do you see _ I mean? A. that B./ C. how 2. Tell me_ is on your mind. A. that C. which D. why 3. We must stick to _ we have agreed on.B. that C. / D. how 4. Let me see _. A. that can I repair the radio C. I can repa
12、ir the radio D. whether can I repair the radio 5. Keep in mind _. A. that the teacher said B. what did the teacher say C. that did the teacher say,答案,D. what,B. what,A. what,B. whether -I can repair the radio,D. what the teacher said,6. Could you advise me _? A. which book should I read first B. wha
13、t book should I read first C. that book 1 should read first 7. He was criticized for _. he had done it C. what had he done D. that he had done it 8. Would you kindly tell me _? A. how can I get to the Beijing Railway Station C. where can I get to the Beijing Railway Station D. whether can I get to t
14、he Beijing Railway Station 9. Mrs. Smith was very much impressed by _. A. what had she seen in China B. that she had seen in ChinaD. which had she seen in China,D. which book I should read first,B. what he had done,B. how I can get to the Beijing Railway Station,C. what she had seen in China,答案,10.
15、We took it for granted _B. that were they not coming C. they were coming not D. were they not coining 11. I really dont know _ A. I should do next B. what should I do nextD. how I should do next 12. Im afraid _.B. that will the little girl have to operate on C. the little girl will have to operate o
16、n D. that will the little girl have to be operated on 13. She walked up to _ . A. where did I stand C. I stood there D. where I stood there,A. that they were not coming,C. what I should do next,A. the little girl will have to be operated on,B. where I stood,答案,14. Can you tell me _? A. who is that g
17、entleman B. that gentleman is whoD. whom .is that gentleman 15. Well give you _. A. that do you need B. what do you needD. whether do you need 16. They want us to know _ to help us. A. what can they C. how they can D. how can they 17. We must put _ into practice.B. that we have learned C. that have
18、we learned D. what have we learned,答案,C. who that gentleman is,C. whatever you need,B. what they can,A. what we have learned,18. Did she say anything about _? A. that the work was to be done B. how was the work to be done C. that was the work to be done 19. He was never satisfied with _.B. had what
19、she achieved C. she had achieved D. that she achieved 20. These photographs will show you _. A. what does our village look like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like 21. Peter insisted _ he pay the bill. A. on that B. what D. on which,D. how the work was to be done,A. what
20、she had achieved,B. what our village looks like,C. that,答案,22. They urged _ the library open during the vacation. A. when B. where C. why 23. We wish we could have learned _ when we were at high school.B. that you had done C. that what you did D. what did you do 24.1 will describe to you _ I saw whe
21、n there.B. that C. which D./ 25. From _ I should say he is a good worker.B. that I do know of him C. what do I know of him D. that do I know of him 26. I will give this dictionary to _ wants to have it. A. whomever B. anyone D. someone,D. that,A. what you did,A. what,A. what 1 know of him,C. whoever
22、,答案,27._ they will come here hasn t been decided yet. A. What B. That D. Where 28. _ was said here must be kept secret. A. Who B. The thing D. Where 29. It is still a question _ we shall have our sports meet. A. if B. that C. what 30. Im going anyway. _ she will go is up to her to decide. A. If or n
23、ot C. If D. That 31. It is strange _ she have left without saying a word.B. what C. why D. how 32. It is very clear _ our policy is a correct one. A. what C. why D. where,答案,C. When,C. Whatever,D. when,B. Whether or not,A. that,B. that,33. _ Mr Zhang said is quite right. A. That B. When D. Whether 3
24、4. It has been decided _ he will be sent there. A. if B. whether C. why 35. It doesn t matter _he s come back or not. A. if C. that D. when 36. Its a great pity _ we wont be able to finish the task on time. A. when C. why D. where 37. It happened _ I wasnt there that day. A. when B. why C. where 38.
25、_ you have done might do harm to other people.B. That C. Which D. The things,C. What,D. that,B. whether,B. that,D. that,A. What,答案,39. _ leaves the room last ought to turn oft the lights. A. Anyone B. The person D.Who 40._ the 2000 Olympic Games wont be held in Beijing is known to all. A. Whether B.
26、 If C. Whenever 41. _ fails to see this will make a big mistake. A. That C. Whether D. Whether or not 42. _ we need more equipment is quite obvious. A. What B. Whether D. Whatever 43. Has it been announced _? A. when are the planes to take off B. that are the planes to take off C. where are the plan
27、es to take off,C. Whoever,D. That,B. Whoever,C. That,D. when the planes are to take off,答案,44. That is _ we all support his idea. A. what C. where D. when 45. Thats _ we should do. A. that C. how D. why 46. _ is troubling me is _ I dont understand _ he saidB. What; what; what C. That; that; what D.
28、Why; that; which 47. Things were not _ they seemed to be. A. when C. that D. what 48. Thats _ I want to say. A. all what B. what C. all which,B. why,B. what,A. What; that; what,B. why,D. what that,答案,49. Thats _ .B. our differences lie there C. where do our differences lie D. that where our differen
29、ces lie 50. That is _ . A. where lived he there B. where did he liveD. that where he lived 51. The questions is _. A. whether is it worth doing B. that if it is worth doingD. if it is worth doing 52. Water will continue to be _ it is today next in importance to oxygen. A. how B. which D. as 53. That
30、s_. A. how did I become a teacher C. how a teacher I became D. that I became a teacher,A. where our differences lie,C. where he lived,C. whether it is worth doing,C. what,B. how I became a teacher,答案,54. They are just _. A. that what shall I have B. what shall I have C. that I shall have what 55. It
31、 looked _.B. that as if it was going to rain C. as if was it going to rain D. as if that it was going to rain 56. Thats_.B. that how did she do it. C. how did she do it D. what she did it 57. That is _ we decided to put the discussion off. A. where B. which C. that 58. Thats _ I lived when I was ten
32、 years old.B. at which C. there where D. when,D. what I shall have,A. as if it was going to rain,A. how she did it,D. why,A. where,答案,59. My suggestion is _ we should send a few comrades to help them. A. if C. when that D. that where 60. The idea _ all people are selfish is wrong. A. what C. why D.
33、if 61. We heard the news _ our team had won.B. what C. whether D. why 62. The fact _ he hadnt said anything surprised us all. A. why B. if D. whether 63.I have no idea _ she will be back. A. that B. where C. that when 64. We must keep in mind the fact _ China is still a developing country. A. whether C. why D. when 65. They have no idea at all _.B. where did he go C. where has he gone D. which place he has gone,答案,B. that,B. that,A. that,C. that,D. when,B. that,A. where he has gone,
