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类型语法-关系代词.ppt

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    语法-关系代词.ppt
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    1、语法关系代词,1.关系代词:有连接词功能,用来引导定语从句,Hes a student ;He studies hard. Hes a student ,and He studies hard. Hes a student who studies hard. 他是一个用功的学生。 Hes a teacher whom I repect . 他是一个我很尊敬的老师。thats the book which I like .,2 . 用关系代词有三个原则,第一,关系代词前一定要有先行词(先行词指被关系代词代替的名词); 第二,关系代词在所引导的从句中必须当主语或者宾语; 第三,否则前面一定有介词。

    2、 (note:关系代词一定要紧靠在被替代的名字后),例一:,Do you know the woman ?the woman is laughing . Do you know the woman who is laughing .he is the man ; you can trust the man . He is the man whom you can trust .、The things are nice ;you bought them yesterday The things (which you bought yesterday ) are nice,例二:,this is

    3、a problem which we should solve right away.New Concept English is intended for foreign students ,which is known to us all . 新概念英语是专为外国学生,这是我们都知道的事情 be intended for专供使用,例三:,He is a man whom I enjoy working.(错句) He is a nice man with whom I enjoy working. 他是个我很喜欢与之共事的人 He is a nice man for whom I enjo

    4、y working. 他是个我很喜欢为他效力的人 He has a car which was made in Germany the house in which we live is very large,3.介词与关系代词,he is the man with whom I enjoy working = he is the man whom I enjoy working with = he is the man I enjoy working with The house in which we live is very large = the house which we live

    5、 in is very large = the house we live in is very large,例四:,pay attention to 注意 call on 拜访 take over 接管 get rid of 摆脱this is the question (which ) you should pay attention to the man (whom ) I call on yesterday is my teacher .,4. which =整句,John, who was lazy ,scored quiet high marks on the exam ,whic

    6、h somewhat surprised me.,5. which =句中部分概念,He smokes three packs of cigarettes a day ,which definitely does harm to his health.,6 .非限定定语从句与限定性定语的区别(一),先行词为专有名词及独一性名词 A)I met John, who is my classmate he has just come back from New York ,which is a very big city in the United States here comes my fath

    7、er ,who is an English teacher Thats my only son ,who is attending college now . I went to the train station this morning ,which was crowed with passengers .,6 .非限定定语从句与限定性定语的区别(二),B)He is a good boy who works hard he is a good boy , who studies hard I like that good book which He bought yesterday I

    8、like that good book ,which he bought yesterday,6 .非限定定语从句与限定性定语的区别(三),this is my mother who loves me very much () This is my mother ,who lives me very much he is a man ,who never break his word () he is a man who never breaks his words he is a gentleman , who never breaks his words () he is a gentle

    9、man who never breaks his words (),7.关系代词省略,This is the boy whom I saw yesterday =This is the boy I saw yesterday I enjoy reading the book which I bought yesterday =I enjoy reading the book I bought yesterday This is a question which you should pay attention to = This is the question you should pay a

    10、ttention to This is the house in which he lives =this is the house he lives in,8. that,取代 who ,whom .which -在限定性定语从句 I like the girl that /who is sitting here I like the pretty ,that comes here every Monday () I like the pretty , who comes here every Monday () This is the knife with that he killed M

    11、ary () This is the knife with which he killed Mary () = this is the knife which /that he killedMary with (),9.只用that (1),A) 序数词后the first /second last Gambling is the last thing which I would do (x) Gambling is the last thing that I would do () he was the first man that came up with sucn an idea ( t

    12、hat -佳;who -劣),9.只用that (2),B) 最高级之后 He is the best student that I have taught.( that -right whom -wrong )他是一个我所教过的最棒的学生。 She is the most beautiful scene that I have ever seen in GuiLin.( that -right which -wrong )她是我曾经见过的最美丽的女孩子。,9.只用that (3),C) the very + nHe is the very man that I met yesterday =

    13、 He is just the man that imet yesterday D) all 之后 All that students that are studying here are hardworking ( all -right who -wrong ) All (that) he said is true (不能用Which ,只能用that ) = everything that he said is true (不能用Which ,只能用that ) All ( that ) you have to do is ( to ) wait,9.只用that (4),E) the o

    14、nly + n He is the only friend that I have F )关系代词在Be动词后做表语,表示身份用that he is not the man that he once was( who -wrong that -right ) G) 相同关代出现,第二个关代用that he works hard ,which is a fact which is known to us (劣) he works hard ,which is a fact that is known to us,9.只用that (5),H) look at the boy and the do

    15、g that are coming this way I ) That取代 who 或which Who ( who lies ) can win our trust ?( 劣) who ( that lies ) can win our trust 佳) 说谎的人又谁会赢得我们的信任呢? what is it which you want ( 劣) what is it ( that you want ) 佳),10.限定性定语从句化简为分词短语,A)删除关系代词 B)之后的动词变成现在分词 C) 如是be动词变为being ,可 删除being the girl who danced he

    16、re yesterday is my sister - who -danced -dancing = the girl dancing here yesterday is my sister who is that boy that is standing over there ? -that is -being = who is that boy standing over there ?I like the car which is parked in front of the post office -which -is -being = I like the car parked in

    17、 front of the post office,11. 非限定不能化为分词短语,I met John ,who said that he loved Mary very much (right )I met John ,saying that he loved Mary very much (与原句意思不同x ),12.非限定可化为同位语,I met John ,who is a good friend of mine =I met John ,a good friend of mine,13.定语从句化为不定式短语,He has no house in which he can live =He has no house in which to live =He has no house to live in,谢谢观赏,DUDU老师,

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