1、状语从句,Adverbial Clauses,定义：在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句，它可以用来修饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）、定语或状语，或是整个句子。类别: 时间状语从句 地点状语从句 原因状语从句 目的状语从句 结果状语从句 条件状语从句 方式状语从句 比较状语从句 让步状语从句,1.Where there is a will, there is a way. ( ) 2. Now that/Since everybody is here, lets begin our meeting. ( ) 3. So clever was he a student that he was abl
2、e to work out all the difficult problems. ( ) 4. As long as you dont lose heart, youll succeed. ( ) 5. Try as he might, he could not find a job. ( ) 6. The old lady treats the boy as if he were his own son. ( ),地点,原因,结果,条件,让步,方式,用when, while或as 填空: _ we were talking, Mr. Smiths came in. _ they came
3、home, I was cooking dinner.I was about to go to bed _ I heard someone knock at t the door. 4. _ we were watching TV, he was studying. 5. He is fat _ his brother is thin. 6. _ she sang, tears ran down her face.,While/ As/ When,When,when,While,while,As,Conclusion A: 从句为”当的时候”，从句谓语为延续性动词，主句谓语为终止性动词，三者可
4、通用。 B: 当从句的谓语动词为终止性动词，只能用when；表示”正在那时”, 也只能用when。 C: 从句和主句的谓语动词都为延续性动词时，只能用while；while还可作并列连词，表示“而”. D: 当强调主句和从句的动作同点发生时，只能用as，译为“一边一边；随着”,Before 与 after,Finish your homework _ you go out to play. He had left the town the day _ she arrived. He had walked three days _ he found water. It was not long
5、_ he left his hometown. I played football _ I (had) finished my homework Please tell her Ill come _ I do some shopping. It will not be long _ we meat each other again.,after,after,Conclusion,1. Before引导的从句是过去式, 主句是过去时或过去完成时；而after主句为过去时，从句可用一般过去时代替过去完成时。,2. Before与after 还可作介词，后接名词或-ing形式。Before find
6、ing water, he had walked three days.After finishing my homework, I played football.,before,before,before,before,before,“才”,till 与 until,1. He lived with his parents _ he graduated from college. 2. The children wont come home _ its dark. 3. _ you told me I had no idea of it. 4. Not _ he told me did I
7、 know the truth. 5. It was _ the war was over that he returned to his land.,till/ until,Until,until/ till,not until,Conclusion,1. 主句为肯定句时，主句的谓语动词应为延续性动词；当主句谓语动词为非延续性动词时，谓语动词应用否定式。,2. 位于句首时，只能用until，不用till。,3. Not until引导的从句置于句首，主句采用部分倒装的结构。,5. Till与until 还可作介词，后接名词。 Eg: I waited till/ until 3 oclock
8、.,until,4. not until可改写为：It is/ was not until that 强调句。,其它的时间状语从句:,ill.,I _ (be) at his bedside since he _ (become) ill. It _ (be) two years since we _ (be) university students. _ (一就) he saw the monster, he turned pale. The spy had _ returned home than he was told to go to another country. We had _
9、 returned home when it rained. _ had we begun when we told to stop.,have been,became,is/ has been,were,The moment/ minute/ As soon as,no sooner,hardly,Hardly,Conclusion,1. since从句用过去时，主句一般用现在完成时。since + 延续动词过去时，表示“从该动作结束起”。,2. It is/ has been since + 过去时,3. 一就： as soon as; the moment/ the minute/ th
10、e instant; immediately/ directly/ instantly; hardly/ scarcely/ barely when; no sooner than ,Whenever, Each time/ Every time 每当 Every time / Each time / Whenever I meet with trouble, he will come to help me. The first time 第一次 The first time I met him, he was a boy of 12. Cf.: This is the first time
11、I _ (see) the film. When I met him for the first time, we became friends. By the time 到了的时候（用过去完成时或将来完成时） By the time she was twelve, she _ (learn) 3,000 English words. By the time he comes back, I _ (finish) the work.,have seen,had learnt,will have finished,用because, as, since 与for填空:,- Why are you
12、 crying, meg?- _ Ive broken your necklace, mom. 2. I went to bed early _ I was tired. 4. I was not kind to him, _ he was rude. 5. _ I had a cold, I was absent from school. 6. My mother was ill and I sent for Tom, _ he was a doctor. 7. _ we are all here, lets begin our class.,Because,because,because,
13、As,for,Since,Conclusion,原因状语从句,Because: 用于回答why的提问；引导从句，一般放在主句之后，表示直接原因。 Since / As: 常放在主句之前，表示众所周知的原因。 For: 并列连词，通常放在主句之后，侧重对主句的解释说明。now (that) （既然）, in that,if, unless (= if not), once, as/ so long as (只要), supposing (如果), provided/ providing (that) (如果，假设), given, on condition that, in case, lest
14、 (唯恐), for fear that ,条件状语从句,_ bad weather stops me, I jog every day. _ I have to sell my house, Ill help those poor children to go on with their studies. Ill go _ you go. _ anything important happens, please call me up. If I _ (have) enough money next year, I will go to England. If I_ (be) a bird,
15、I would fly to you. If you _ (leave) home a little earlier this morning, you _ (catch) the bus. If the sun _ (rise) in the west, I _ (change) my mind. _ he _ (fall) through the ice, he would have drowned.,were,had left,would have caught,should rise,would change,Had,fallen,Unless,Even if,as / so long
16、 as,In case,have,判断下列句子类型:,1. You would let your children play where you can see them.2. You would let your children play in the place where you can see them.,Conclusion: where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere You cant throw away rubbish anywhere you like. 有志者事竟成。 Where there is a will, there is a wa
17、y. 无论你在哪里工作，都要全心全意为人民服务。 Wherever you work, you must always serve the people heart and soul.,地点状语从句,定语从句,地点状语从句,He went out, _ it was raining. _ they are poor, they buy a great many books. _ I am willing to help, I dont have much time. Strange _ it may seem, he remained single all his life. Child _
18、he is, he has learnt advanced mathematics. No matter _ difficulty you will meet with, dont give up. No matter _ you go, you must write to your parents. No matter _ hard he tried, he couldnt open the door. No matter _ you marry in the future, he must be an honest man.,though,Although,though,as,what,w
19、here,how,who,Although多用于句首；while表“虽然”时，仅放于句首。 Though可用于句首，句中；还可用作副词，用于句末。Eg: Its hard work, I enjoy it, though. 3. Though/ as引导的从句还可以采用倒装结构，把表语提到最前面，as表“虽然”，仅用于倒装结构。,Conclusion,让步状语从句,While,目的与结果状语从句,He got up early _ he could catch the bus. _ he could catch the bus, he got up early. This book is _
20、rewritten _ children can enjoy it. I was caught in a shower, _ all my clothes got wet. Its _ cold _ the lake has frozen. There are _ many books there _ I dont know which one to borrow. Its _ good a book _ Ive read it again and again. It was _ a cold day _ there was nobody on the street. _ cold weath
21、er remained for three days _ I had to stay at home all day long.,in order that/ so that,In order that,so,that,so that,so,that,so,that,so,that,that,such,Such,that,1. 由so that; in order that 引导的目的状语从句中通常用may, could, can等情态动词；而结果状语从句中，通常用过去时。 2. In order that从句可放于句首，而so that引导的从句只能放在主句之后。 3. sothat引导目的
22、状语时，so通常修饰动词。 4. sothat引导结果状语从句时，so常用于修饰形容词或副词, 或用于修饰many, much, little, few。 5. So仅修饰单数可数名词：so + adj.+ a/ an + n 6. Such可修饰任何名词，当其修饰单数可数名词时, 语序为：such + a/ an + (adj.) + n,Conclusion,His brother is _ handsome _ he (is). The movie was not _ good _ I had expected. Your bag is twice as expensive as _ (
23、me). The driver drives faster _ he used to (drive). _ (much) knowledge we learn, _ (happy) we will be.,1. 请保持人称代词的格前后一致。如：1, 3 2. 倍数词须加在比较结构的前面。如：3 3. 句中相同的成分，如动词，常常省去。如：1, 4,as,as,so/ as,as,mine,than,The more,the happier,比较状语从句,Conclusion,He stood up _ (he wanted ) to leave. She always talks to me
24、as if she _ (be) my sister. He walked slowly as if he _ (hurt) his leg.,as if,were,had hurt,As if从句里的主语与动词有时可省略. As if 从句叙述的情况如果与事实相符合，从句时态与主句保持一致。 As if 从句叙述的情况如与事实不相符合，则从句用虚拟语气。,方式状语从句,Conclusion,改错:,She was walking on the street while the accident happened._ 2. I will call you as soon as I will f
25、inish my homework._ 3. After the queen knows it is I that help you run away, she will kill me . _ 4. I have finished the composition when the bell rang._,_,when,will,Once,had,_,_,_,状语从句与并列句的区别 1、Though he is in his sixties, _ he works as hard as a young man.A. yet B. but C. and D. and yet 2、 Excuse
26、me for breaking in, _ I have some news for you. (NMET02)A. so B. and C. but D. yet,题1是主从复合句，中间不能使用并列连词and; or; but; so等。yet是副词，只有yet可以与though/ although 连用。 题2为并列句，而“Excuse , but ”为一固定搭配。,A,C,状语从句的倒装问题 1、So difficult _ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English. (01
27、上海) A. I have felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel 2、Not until all the fish died in the river, _ how serious the pollution was. (95 NMET)A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realizedC. the villagers did realize D. didnt the villagers realize,状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况： 否定词开头； so 加 adj. 开头；
28、 as / though引导的让步状语从句。,D,A,1、The WTO cannot live up to its name _ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind. （2000全国）Aas long as Bwhile Cif Deven though 2、It is known to all that _ you exercise regularly, you wont keep good health. （05重庆卷） A. unless B. whenever C. although D
29、. if,C,A,unless 相当于 if not，意思是“除非”“如果不就”。这也是高考的热点之一。复习时也应给予高度重视。,问题2： 1、 He tried his best to solve the problem, _ difficult it was.（05天津卷） A. however B. no matter C. whatever D although 2、The old tower must be saved, _the cost. （05浙江）Ahowever Bwhatever Cwhichever Dwherever,A,B,no matter wh- 与 wh-ev
30、er 的联系及区别： no matter wh- 只引导让步状语从句，此时与 wh-ever通用。 如: No matter when / Whenever he comes back, he should be invited to the party. wh-ever又可引导名词性从句， No matter wh-不能。如： Whatever I can do for you will be nothing but paying a debt. Whoever can help us will be welcome,When Sb. was doing when 正在做这时 Sb. was about to do when 正要做这时 Sb. had (just) done when 刚做完这时 Sb. hadnt done when 还没做完这时我正在做作业，正在那时电话响了。 I was doing homework when the telephone rang. 我刚吃完饭，他就来了。 I had just had dinner when he came.,
