1、十年高考【2002-2011】英语分类汇编-it 的用法【考点定位】 2012 考纲解读和近几年考点分布高考研究代词 it 在近年高考试题中出现 频率很高，每年至少测试一道题。一般常见的考点分布在：强调句型，it 的特殊用法，与其他代词的区分等。预测今后高考命题将继续加大对代词在具体、特定语境下灵活运用的考查。特别是不定代词 one 与指示代词 this，that，these，those ，it 的用法区别。解答此类试题需要注意：在解题时一定要明确考点，对比分析，对症下药，尤其是要掌握好容易混淆的代词的辨析。【考点 pk】 名师考点透析纵观历年高考试题，代词 it 的主要考点主要集中在以下几个
2、方面：不定代词 one，that，it；指示代词this，that，these，those，it 的用法；强调句型与其他句型的区别。【2011 山东卷 24】The two girls are so alike that strangers find_ difficult to tell one from the other.A. it B. them C, her D. that【答案】A。【考点】考查固定句型。【解析】句意：这两个小女孩如此相像，以至于很难辨别出彼此。此句式 it 做形式宾语的结构如下find/make/consider/suppose 等+it+adj/n+to do/t
3、hat.。【2011 北京卷 ,34】The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase .A. them B. those C. it D. that【答案】C【考点】考查代词 it 的用法。【解析】句意为“由于当地政府的努力，大城市里的就业率持续升高。 ”it 代指前面交代过的“the employment rate”，是单数，而 them 和 those 是复数。因此选 C。【2011 天津卷 ,1】We fee
4、l our duty to make our country a better place.A. it B. this C. that D. one【答案】A【考点】考查代词 it 的用法。【解析】句意为“我们觉得将我们的国家变得更好是我们的职责。 ”it 在此句中充当形式宾语，代指“to make our country a better place”。 因此选 A。【2011 山东卷 ,24】The two girls are so alike that strangers find _ difficult to tell one from the other.A. it B. them
5、C. her D. that【答案】A【考点】考查 it 的用法。【解析】句意为“这两个女孩长得很相像，不熟悉的人很难将她俩区分开来。 ”it 在此句中充当形式宾语，代指“to tell one from the other”。 因此选 A。【2011 福建卷 ,21】We have various summer camps for your holidays. You can choose _ based on your own interests. A. either B. each C. one D. it【答案】C【考点】考查不定代词 one 的用法。【解析】句意为“在你们的假期里，我
6、们这儿有各种暑期夏令营，你们可以根据自己的兴趣任选一个。 ”one 代替单数可数名词，表泛指，相当于“a/an + 单数名词” 。这里泛指某个 summer camp 夏令营。因此选 C。【2011 重庆卷 ,27】Silly me! I forget what my luggage looks like.What do you think of over there?A. the one B. this C.it D.that【答案】D【考点】考查指示代词的用法。【解析】句意为“我真傻！想不起来自己的行李是什么样子的。你看看那边的是不是你的？”指示代词 that 指时间与空间上较远的事物，o
7、ver there 交代了空间上的远距离。 this 指时间与空间上较近的事物，the one 和 it 都特指前面曾经交代过的事物。结合语境，选 D。【2011 江西卷 25】Why dont you bring _ to his attention that youre too ill to work on?A. that B.it C.his D.him【答案】B【考点】考查代词 it 作形式宾语的用法。【解析】句意为“为什么你不让他注意到你病得太严重了以至于不能工作下去？”it 作形式宾语，指代句子后面 that 引导的宾语从句。因此选 B。【2011 四川卷 15】Was it on
8、 a lonely island _ he was saved one month after the boat went down?A. where B. that C. which D. what【答案】B【考点】考查强调句。【解析】此处强调的是句子的地点状语 on a lonely island，是强调句的一般疑问句句型：Was it + 被强调部分+ that +句子？句意：“他是不是在小船沉没一个月后在一个孤岛上被营救的？”【2011 陕西卷 23】It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do_be
9、nefits our work most. A. who B. which C. that D. what【答案】C【考点】考查强调句。【解析】强调句型:It is/was +被强调部分+that 连接句子的其他部分。答案选择 C。【2011 湖南卷 35】Its not what we do once in a while _ shapes our lives, but what we do consistentlyA .which B. that C. how D. when【答案】B【考点】本题考察强调句型。【解析】本题考察强调句型。强调主语。故选 B。句子意思：决定我们生活的东西不是我
10、们偶尔所做的事情而是那些我们自始至终所做的事情。10 全国 The doctor thought _would be good for you to have a holiday.A. this B. that C. one D. it答案D考点考查 It 的用法。解析It 的两个重要用法是作形式主语和形式宾语。本题考查形式宾语, it 在这里代指后面的真正宾语 to have a holiday。10 辽宁 The fact that she was foreign made _difficult for her to get a job in that countryA so B. muc
11、h C. that D. it 答案D考点考查 it 的用法。解析句意：她是外国人的事实使得她在哪个国家很难找到工作。句中 for her to get a job in that country 是动词不定式的复合结构做 made 的宾语, difficult 是宾语补足语, 此处要用 it 做形式宾语, 其他词没有这种用法。10 山东 Helping others is a habit, _ you can learn even at an early age. A. it B. that C. what D. one答案D考点本题考查代词的用法。解析句意应为”帮助别人是一种习惯, 一个你
12、在很小时就能学会的习惯。 ”空格处与前句中的 habit 构成同位关系, 所以选择 D 项。句中 you can learn even at an early age 是省略了关系代词 that 的定语从句, that 在定语从句中作 learn 的宾语使用。10 陕西 The cost of renting a house in central Xian is higher than _ in any other area of the city. A. that B. this C. it D. one 答案A考点考查代词。解析所填词用于比较状语从句中, 指代句子的主语 cost, 即指代
13、不可数名词, 用 that。This 指代下文即将提到的事物；it 指代 “同一物” ；one 指代 “同类中的一个 ”之意。09 四川 I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I dont have enough money to buy_.A. one B. it C. this D. that答案B考点考查不定代词 it 的用法。解析意思是：我喜欢这个前面有一个美丽花园的房子, 但是我没有足够多的钱去把它买下来。第一句话中的 this house 表明在该语境中是特指的用法, 所以答案为 it, 表示特指。该题容易误
14、选 one, 要注意的是 one表示泛指。09 浙江 Ive read another book this week.Well, maybe _ is not how much you read but what you read that counts.A. this B. that C. there D. it答案D考点考查强调句型。解析句中 “not how much you read”足以做动词 count 的主语, 所以选 D 使之构成强调句型。08 湖南 Our nerghbors gave _ a baby bird yesterday that hurt _ when it f
15、ell from its nest.A. us,it B. us,itself C. ourselves, itself D. ourselves, it答案B考点考查代词的用法。解析句意为：昨天我们的邻居给了我们一只雏鸟, 这只雏鸟从窝里摔下来时受了伤。第一空给 “我们”, 应用 us；第二空 “鸟伤到了自己 ”, 故用反身代词 itself。08 江西 Isnt it amazing how the human body heals _after an injury?A. himself B. him C. itself D. it答案C考点考查代词的用法。解析此处用 itself 指代人
16、体自身。07 全国 II_ felt funny watching myself on TV. A. One B. This C. It D. That答案C考点考查代词 it 的用法。解析it 为形式主语, 真正的主语为动名词短语 watching myself on TV。07 天津 He didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting would be held.A. this B. that C. it D. these答案C考点考查代词 it 的用法。解析句意为：他没有把何时何地召开会议搞清楚。句中“when and where the m
17、eeting would be held”为 make 的真正宾语, it 为形式宾语, clear 为宾补。07 山东 _ worries me the way he keeps changing his mind.AThis BThat CWhat DIt 答案D考点考查代词 it 的用法。解析他不停地改变他的想法让我很烦恼。这是一个主语从句, the way he keeps changing his mind 是主语从句, it 是形式主语。07 江西 I dont mind her criticizing me, but is how she does it that I objec
18、t to.A. it B.that C.this D.which答案A考点本题考查强调句型。解析It is+被强调部分+that+其他, 强调句可去掉 it is 与 that 还原句子。本句相当于., but I object to how she does it。被强调部分是宾语从句, 因此, 用 it 引导该句式。07 陕西 There is still a copy of the book in the library. Wall you go and bottow ?No, Id rather buy in the bookstore. A.it;one B.one;one C.on
19、e;it D.it;it答案A考点本题考查代词。解析第一空指代前面的 a copy of the book, 就那一本, 为同句同物, 用 it;而第二空指到书店去买一本, 泛指某一本, 为同名异物, 用 one。07 辽宁The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than _ in the newspaper. A. it B. those C. one D. that答案D考点考查代词的用法。解析that 代替前面的不可数名词 information, it 代指同名同物 , B、C 代指可数名词。07 浙江
20、 _ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy. A. As B. That C. This D. It答案D考点本题考查代词 IT。解析此句为主语从句，it 为形式主语，其后的 that 从句为真正的主语。07 浙江 He got his first book published. It turned out to be a bestseller.When was _?_ was in 2000 when he was still in col
21、lege. A. that; This B. this; It C. it; This D. that; It答案D考点本题考查代词。解析句意为：“他的第一本书出版了, 并且成了一本畅销书。 ” “那是什么时候？” “那是在 2000 年他还在上大学的时候。 ”指代上文中提到的事情用 that;it 可以指时间、天气、距离等概念。06 全国 I If I can help_, I dont like working late into the night. A. so B. that C. it D. them答案C考点考查代词 it 的用法。解析if I can help it 意为“如果我
22、有办法”, 表示有办法做某事 , 或有办法控制某个局面。所提供的情景I dont like working late into the night 说明如果有办法, 不喜欢工作到深夜。so 意为 “这样”, 常用于省略句中, 代替上文中的动作。that 用于代替上文的内容。06 浙江 is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy. A.As B.That C.This D.It答案D考点本句考查从句的用法。解析根据句子结构, that 引导的从句为主
23、语从句, 作真正主语, 因此前边应有形式主语, 而形式主语只能用it, 不能用 this 或 that。06 湖南 As the busiest woman in Norton, she made_her duty to look after all the other peoples affairs in that town.A.this B.that C.one D.it答案D考点考查代词 it 的用法。解析it 作形式宾语, to look after all the other peoples affairs in that town 作真正的宾语。不定式短语作宾语时, 需移置宾语补语
24、之后 , 在原来宾语的位置上用引导词 it 作形式宾语, 构成“make + it + 形容词或名词+ 不定式短语”结构, 从而使句子保持平衡。06 山东 I d appreciate _ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer. A. that B. it C. this D. you答案B考点考查代词 it 的用法。解析it 作 appreciate 的形式宾语, 真正的宾语是 if you would like to teach me how to use the computer。06 安徽 Catherine bou
25、ght a postcard of the place she was visiting, addressed _ to _ and then posted it at the nearby post officeAit; her Bit; herself Cherself; her Dherself; herself答案B考点考查代词 it 的用法。解析address 作动词的意思是 “在上写姓名住址”, addressed 后接 it, 作直接宾语, 代替上文中的 postcard。to 后接 herself, 作间接宾语, 表示把 postcard 寄给她自己。05NMETIt wasn
26、t until nearly a month later _ I received the managers reply. A. since B. when C. as D. that答案D考点检查考生对强调句式的掌握和运用能力。解析It is/was (not) +被强调的部分+that (who 只能强调人 )。 05 全国 IIThe chairman thought_ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.A. that B. it C. this D. him答案B考点检查考生对先行词 it 的掌握和运
27、用能力。解析it 代替后面的不定式 to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting 此句式为:think /consider/feel/suppose/believe etc+it +adj+(for sb) to do something。it 是形式宾词, 后面的不定式是真正的宾语, 意思是主席认为有必要邀请 Smith 教授来会上发言。05 全国 The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but _ didnt help.A it Bshe Cwhi
28、ch Dhe 答案A考点考查代词 it 的用法。解析but 连接并列句 , it 指代医生向 Vera 提建议这件事。05 上海 _ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your email account. A. What is required B. what requires C. It is required D. It required 答案C考点该题考查 it 的特殊用法。解析It is +过去分词+that 从句, it 指代 that 从句, 做主语。05 天津 I p
29、refer a flat in Inverness to _in Perth, because I want to live near my Mom s.A. one B. that C. it D. this答案A 考点考查代词的用法。解析one 指代上文中的 flat。05 江西 Cars do cause us some health problems in fact far more serious _ than mobile phones do.A one B ones Cit Dthose 答案B 考点考查代词的用法。解析ones 代替 health problems;one 表单
30、数( 泛指), 不合题意;it 表单数( 特指);those 为指示代词, 前不可再用修饰成分。05 浙江 Weve been looking at the houses but havent found _ we like yet.A one B ones Cit Dthem 答案A考点考查代词的用法。解析one 指代上文提到的 house。因为 house 是可数名词 , 所以要用 one 指代。ones 表示许多房子。05 湖北 He hasnt slept at all for three days. _ he is tired out. A. There is no point B.
31、 There is no need C. It is no wonder D. It is no way答案C考点该题考查 it 的特殊用法。解析it is +名词+that 从句, it 做形式主语, 指代(that)he is tired out.04 全国 I I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.A. this B. that C. it D. one答案C考点检查考生对代词 it 的掌握和运用能力。解析It 形式宾语指代 when the weather is clear and bright.英语中
32、like, love, hate, dislike 等动词后面不允许直接带宾语从句, 通常在这些动词后面加 it, 然后带相应的句子。类似的情况以前高考也出现过: I dont like it when people talk with their mouths full。04 全国 I Do you like _ here?Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is so nice. A. this B. these C. that D. it答案D考点该题考查 it 的特殊用法。解析it 的特殊用法, 常用在口
33、语或非正式文体中。这里指代下文中的 The air, the weather, the way of life。04 全国 IIIWe needed a new cupboard for the kitchen. So Peter made _ from some wood.A. it B. one C. himself D. another答案B考点考查代词的用法。解析句意为：我们需要为厨房添个橱柜, 所以 Peter 用我们所拥有的木头做了一个。代词 one 替代上文的名词 a cupboard,非特指的指代, 正合题意。it 应指代上文提到的同一事物, 为特指, 故不可。C 项离题意太远
34、, D 项指 “又”, “再” 的意思, 亦不可。04 湖北 It was_back home after the experiment. A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didnt goC. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didnt go答案C考点该题考查强调结构的用法。解析强调 notuntil（直到才）引导的时间状语或时间状语从句时, 其结构是 It is not until+ that。04 福建 It was wit
35、h great joy _ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found. A. because B. which C. since D. that答案D考点该题考查强调结构的用法。解析强调结构, 被强调的部分是介词短语 with great joy（作状语） 。04 上海 Why! I have nothing to confess. _ you want me to say? A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is tha
36、t答案A考点该题考查强调结构的用法。解析强调结构的特殊疑问句, 被强调的部分是疑问词 what（作动词 say 的宾语） 。04 北京 The foreign minister said, “_ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.” A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is答案D考点该题考查 it 的特殊用法。解析it 作形式主语, 真正的主语是其后面的 that 引导的主语从句。04 江苏 - How long are you staying?- I dont know. _.
37、A. Thats OK B. Never mind C. It depends D. It doesnt matter答案C考点考查交际用语。解析it depends 为习惯用语。意思是：“看情况而定。 ”it 指 “情况、形势”, 也可以说 “Things depends”03 NMET Theres coffee and tea; you can have _.Thanks.A. either B. each C. one D. it答案A考点考查代词 it 的用法。解析either 用于肯定句时表示 “(两者中) 的任一个” 。因为只有 coffee 和 tea 可供选择, 所以要选ei
38、ther。03 上海 It is these poisonous products_can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles. A. who B. that C. how D. what 答案B考点该题考查强调结构的用法。解析强调结构, 被强调的部分是名词 these poisonous products（作主语） 。03 上海 It is pretty well understood_controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmo
39、sphere today. A. that B. when C. what D. how 答案C考点考查代词 it 的用法。解析it 为形式主语, 真正的主语是其后面的 what 引导的主语从句（因主语从句中缺少主语 , 用 what 引导）。03 上海春 It was because of bad weather _the football match had to be put off. A. so B. so that C. why D. that 答案D考点该题考查强调结构的用法。解析强调结构, 被强调的部分是介词短语 because of bad weather（作状语） 。02 上
40、海 Since you have repaired my Tv set, _ is no need for me to buy a new one.A. it B. there C. this D. that 答案B考点该题考查固定句型。解析若选 A，那么 it 代替应该是一个动名词短语： repairing my TV set,但若为此代入句中，就不合适。Since you have repaired my TV set，是一个原因从句，有自己的引导词 Since，所以不能用 it 代替。There 是一个用途广泛的代词，在此句中代替不定式的独立主格结构 for me to buy a ne
41、w one。无论从句意还是语法都应选 B。句意的讲解请参考上面。不必计较很详细，只把它当作固定句型看待吧。02 北京 - When shall we start?- Lets _ it at 8:30. Is that all right? A. set B. meet C. make D. take答案C考点该题考查固定习语。解析这道高考题没有考 it 的用法, 但是如果对短语 make it 的用法不熟悉, 很容易就选择 A 了。在这里 It就是指 “我们出发”这个事情。02 北京春 He was nearly drowned once.When was _ ?_ was in 1998
42、when he was in middle school. A. that; It B. this; This C. this; It D. that; This答案A考点该题考查代词 it 的用法。解析第一个空用 that, 指代发生在过去的 “溺水（drowned） ”一事；第二个空 it 构成强调结构：It was in 1998 when he was in middle school (that he was nearly drowned.)。01NMETThe Parkers bought a new house but _ will need a lot of work befo
43、re they can move in. A. they B. it C. one D. which 答案B考点该题考查代词 it 的用法。解析it 指代 “买房后的情况（the situation not mentioned but understood by the speaker and the hearer） ”。该句译作：帕克夫妇买了一所新房子, 但在迁入之前需要做大量的工作。01 上海 In fact _is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match. A. this B. that
44、 C. there D. it 答案D考点该题考查代词 it 的用法。解析it 为形式主语, 真正的主语是其后面的动词不定式复合结构 for the police to keep order in an important football match。2001 上海春 It was for this reason _her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village. A. which B. why C. that D. how答案C考点该题考查强调结构的用法。解析强调结构, 被强调的部分是介词短语 for this reason。00NMETIt is the ability to do the job _ matters not where you come from or what you are. A.one B.that C.what D.it答案B考点该题考查强调结构的用法。解析强调句子主语
