1、什么是定语从句？,在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句,关系词及其意义,指代人 指代事物 所属关系 指地点 指时间 指原因,who, whom, that, as which, that, as Whose where when why,归纳总结,注意事项: 1.从句的位置: 2.翻译方法: 3.构成：,先行词之后,“.的”,先行词+关系词+定语从句,关系词及其意义,指代人 指代事物 所属关系 指地点 指时间 指原因,关系词及其意义,“.的”,关系词及其意义,A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.A plane is can fly.,关系代词
2、的实质,the machine,a machine,先行词+关系词+定语从句,A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.A plane is can fly.,关系代词的实质,a machine,that /which,先行词+关系词+定语从句,The lady is our English teacher.,The lady who is standing in the front of the classroom is our English teacher.,简单句,复合句,She is standing in the front of our
3、classroom.,Learn about the Attributive Clause,The man who ran fastest is Liuxiang.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,主句,He who does not go to the Great Wall is not a true man.,（1） which 只能指物，作主语或宾语 (作 宾语可省略),These are the trees _were plantedlast year.,This recorder _he is using is made in Japan.,Is this the library _you
4、 borrow books from?,关系代词用法:,which/省略,which,which/省略,（2） who只能指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可略）,The man_ I talked with is our teacher.,A person _steals things is called a thief.,（3）whom也只能指人,且只能作宾语 (作宾语可省略),The man_ I nodded to is Mr. Li.,who/省略,who,whom/who/省略,（3）that 指人/物，作主语或宾语, 表语(作宾语可省略）,A plane is a machine. It
5、 can fly.,A plane is a machine_ can fly.,He is the man. I talked to him just now.,He is the man _I talked to just now.,that/which,that/who/whom/省略,Which house is mine?,房顶是棕色的房子是我的。,The house _ roof （屋顶）is brown is mine.,whose,My house,(5)whose：即可指人，又可指物。,在从句中只能作定语,表示所属关系。,(5)whose：即可指人，又可指物。,在从句中只能作
6、定语,表示所属关系。,(4)whose：即可指人，又可指物。,Do you know the girl whose hair is short in our class?,He is the student of which the pencil I broke yesterday.,He is the student. I broke his pencil yesterday.,Do you know the girl? Her hair is short in our class.,Do you know the girl of whom the hair is short in our
7、class?,Do you know the girl the hair of whom is short in our class?,He is the student the pencil of which I broke yesterday.,He is the student whose pencil I broke yesterday.,Whose + n = the + n + of which/ whom= of which/whom + the + n,当先行词为all, much, little, few, none, something, anything, everyth
8、ing, nothing等不定代词时，如：a. All that can be done has been done.b. I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.c. There is little (that) she can do but wait.,(1) 宜用that引导定语从句的情况。,定语从句注意以下几点：,This is the first composition (that) he has written in English.Its the best movie (that) I have ever seen.,
9、先行词被all, every, any,no, some, any, little, much修饰时：,Ive read all the books (that) you gave meYou can take any book (that) you like.,先行词是序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，或者先行词本身是序数词或形容词最高级时。,Who is the person that is standing at the gate?Which of us that knows something about physics does not know this?What that is on
10、the table belongs to me?, 先行词是疑问词who, which, what 时，要用that引导。,先行词被the only, the very, the last修饰时,That white flower is the only one (that) I really like.This is the very book (that) I want to find.,Mary is no longer the girl that she used to be. Shenzhen is no longer the town that it used to be., 当关
11、系代词在从句中作to be的表语时：, 当先行词既有人又物时，要用that引导。 如：,He talked about the teachers and school that he had visited.,在there be或 there live结构中，用that 引导且可以省略。,There is a book on the desk that Im interested in.,1.He did all / everything _ he could to help me. 2.This is the very thing _ I am after. 3.We talked abou
12、t the men and the things _ we remembered at school. 4.He is the only man _ can do the work. 5.This is the first thing _ I want to say. 6.He is the finest man _ I have ever worked with. 7.Who is the man _ spoke to you at the gate. 8.Which is the star _ is nearest to the earth.,that,that,that,that,tha
13、t,that,that,that,用that, which 还是who填入下列空白处？,This is the same book as I lent you yesterday.这是我昨天借给你的那种书。 This is the same book that I lent you yesterday.这是我昨天借给你的那本书。,(2) 先行词被the same修饰时，关系代词可 用as也可用that，但意义不同，前者是“同样的”，后者是“同一的”。试比较：,关系代词as和which都能引导非限制性定语从句代表整个句子内容，as引导的定语从句可位于句首或句末；which引导的定语从句却不能位于
14、句首。如：,As we have seen, oceans cover more than 70% of the earth.As is known to all, Taiwan is a part of China.He was late for school, as often happened.,The elephant is like a snake, as anybody can see. He failed in the exam, as (=which) is natural.The young man cheated his friend of much money, whic
15、h was disgraceful.(不光彩的)He was always late for school, which made his teacher angry.,对这两个词作如下归纳：,1.如果定语放主句后，即引用as也可以用which.He failed to the exam, as (=which) is natural.She seems a scientist, as (=which) in fact she is.,2.如果从句在主句前，这时要用as而不用which引导定语从句。如：,As we all know, his brother went to America l
16、ast year.,as代表前面主句意思时，有“正如”之意，而which没有此意思，从句中的动词常是expect, know, see, think, want, suppose等。,He won the match, as we had expected.He agreed to the plan, as was to be expected.The police were looking for him, as he thought.,介词+关系词,1. Do you know the boy _ _ your mother is talking? 2. He gave me some n
17、ovels _ _ I am not very familiar. 3. I still remember the day _ _ I first got to Paris.,to whom,with which,on which,方法：还原法 缺什么用什么,介词+ which/ whom,1. Do you like the book _she spent $10? 2. Do you like the book _she paid $10? 3. Do you like the book _ she learned a lot? 4. Do you like the book _ she
18、often talks? 5. He built a telescope _ he could study the skies. 6. There is a tall tree outside, _ stands our teacher. 7. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _is the Yellow River. 8. The tower _ people can have a good view is on the hill. 9. The man _ I spoke on the phone last night is ve
19、ry good at writing. 10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.,on which,for which,from which,about which,through which,under which,of which,from which,to whom,of which,练习: 介词+关系代词的使用,方法：还原法 缺什么用什么,1. We should go to the place_ we are most needed.
20、2. We should go to the place_ needs us most.A. it B. where C. that D. what,3. It was October_we met in Shenzhen for the first time.4. It was in October_we met in Shenzhen for the first time.A. that B. which C. when D. while,C,A,对比训练,5. He is such a good teacher_ we all like him. 6. He is such a good teacher_ we all like.A. whom B. that C. as D. which,B,C,B,C,Thanks！,
