1、Unit 4 Earthquakes,定语从句 林敏,The Attributive Clause,The kinds of the Attribute:,1.He is an honest boy. 2.We love our country. 3.Whats your telephone number? 4.The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada.,1. The Attribute(定语) :,(修饰, 限定),The position of the Attribute: （定语的位置）,1. This i
2、s a flower basket. 2. This is a basket full of flowers. 3. This is a basket that I want to put flowers in.,(1.单个的词作定语时要放于被修饰词的前面， 2.短语或从句作定语时要放于被修饰词的后面。),在复合句中，修饰某一名词或者代词用作定语的句子就叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词，叫先行词。 引导定语从句的关联词有：,1.定语从句,关系代词：who, whomwhose, which, that,关系副词：when, where, why,2. 关系代词的句法功能及指代功能关系代词处在先
3、行词和定语从句之间，身兼三职： 1. 连接主从句的纽带 2. 指代先行词 3. 在从句中充当某种句子成分。,在从句 中的作用,指代 功能,3. 定语从句的位置,定语从句放在被修饰成分之后。,e.g. This is the car which he bought last year.,先行词,定语从句,这是他去年买的那辆小轿车。,The book is very good. I have read it.,4.先行词和关系词的关系,Join the following sentences:,The book is very good. I have read that/which.,The b
4、ook that/which I have read is very good.,The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.,4.先行词和关系词的关系,Join the following sentences:,The girl is Mary. We saw whom yesterday.,The girl whom we saw yesterday is Mary.,4.先行词和关系词的关系,We saw some trees. The trees leaves were black with disease.,We saw some trees. wh
5、ose leaves were black with disease.,We saw some trees whose leaves were black with disease.,He lived in a room. The rooms window faces south.,He lived in a room whose window faces south.,I have read the newspaper.,It carries the important news.,I have read the newspaper which carries the important n
6、ews.,which 指物, 在句中作主语或宾语, 作宾语时可以省略。,(物/主/不可省),I showed him the letter.,I received it this morning,I showed him the letter (which) I received this morning.,(物/宾/可省),that 指人或物，在从句中做主语或宾语, 作宾语时可以省略。,Theyre talking about the doctor.,I have seen the doctor.,Theyre talking about the doctor (that) Ive seen
7、.,(人/宾/可省),It was written by Laoshe.,Jane has borrowed the book.,Jane has borrowed the book that was written by Laoshe.,（物/主/不可省）,The boy who is reading a book over there is my friend.,The boy is my friend. He is reading a book over there.,who指人, 在从句中作主语，不可省，作宾语, 可省略。,（主/不可省）,He is a famous singer Y
8、ou saw him just now.He is a famous singer (who/whom) you saw just now.,(宾/可省),whom指人, 在从句中作宾语, 可省略。,The girl is from America.,I called her just now.,The girl (whom ) I called just now is from America.,（人/宾/可省）,The girl got first. Her father had given us a report.,The girl whose father had given us a
9、 report got first.,Whose可指人或物, 在从句中作定语, 不可省略. “的”,Which baby is Jack?,穿红裤子的baby是Jack。,The baby is Jack.,The baby is Jack.,whose trousers are red,who is wearing red trousers,Jack,Which house is mine?,房顶是棕色的房子是我的。,The house is mine.,whose roof is brown,My house,1.先行词前有下列词语修饰时，定语从句必须用that 引导。,all, ever
10、y, any, little, few, much, no, the only, very, the + 序数词, the + 形容词最高级,This is the cleanest park that you can imagine.,特殊情况,This is the only book that has been written in French.,He talked about the things and persons_ he had visited in the city.,that,2.在 who 或 which 引导的特殊疑问句中，限制性定语从句必须用 that 引导。,e.
11、g. Who is the man_ is standing over there?,that,3.当先行词是 one, ones, anybody, anyone, all, none, those 等, 指人时一般用 who, 不用 that。 Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school.,4.先行词是人和物的组合，只用that.,She described in her composition the people and places that impressed her
12、most.,从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. Is there anything _ I can do for you? which B. who C. whom D. that,D,2. I have seen some strange trees, _ open at sunrise and close at sunset. A. which the leaves B. whose leaves C. which leaves D. their leaves 3. All _ we need is enough rest after long hours w
13、ork.the thing B. that C. what D. which,B,B,4. On the train I saw a girl _ was your sister.who B. whom C. which D. what 5. Have you seen the film “Titanic” _ leading actor is world-famous?its B. that C. whose D. which,A,C,Enjoy some proverbs:,1 God helps those who help themselves.2 All that glitters is not gold.3 He who laughs last laughs best.4 He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man.,
