1、写作中的语法 定语从句&名词性从句 名词性从句-摆明事实,讲清道理 定语从句-突出细节,修饰限制,名词性从句(一) 1.简述故事情节,揭示寓意道理。 语言观察: 1)Through an example of a disabled boy, we learn that one will finally succeed if he acquires the quality of persistence. 2)The passage tells us that despite obstacles and failures, many people with their distinct quali
2、ties were able to overcome difficulty and eventually realized their goals and achieved success.,Q:文段中用的是什么从句?在作文的哪个部分常会用到?,2.引出观点 语言观察: 1) I fully agree that trivial(琐碎的)things play an important part in our life. 2) Many students still prefer to go to university as they believe the environment of th
3、e university is very important for an individuals development and that graduates from key university are more likely to find a job. 3.事实现象描写 语言观察: A latest survey shows that the health of Chinese youngsters has greatly declined.,宾语从句:转述故事情节,揭示寓意道理,引出观点态度,交代事实现象,概括归纳总结。,4. 归纳、倡议、号召、总结 语言观察: 1) Anyway
4、, I wont choose to study abroad because I think that as long as I work hard, I will achieve success wherever I am. 2) We do hope that more and more characters like him will come out and inspire us in our life.,名词性从句(二) 主语从句& 表语从句 1.what 2.“It”结构 3.主表一体句What is that/how/when 4.The reason why is thatW
5、hoever 与 those who,名词性从句的标志词what 语言观察: 1)However, the high cost of studying abroad is more than what ordinary families can afford. 2)Another significant quality for a popular person is to remember what is important to a certain person and what he is concerned about. 3)The story discusses what makes
6、one person different from others even if they are in the same situation. 实战演练: 1._(我在课本上学到的) is not practical at all. 2.As to _(什么造成如此大的损失), it is still a puzzle. 3.I am curious about _(接下来会发生什么事情).,What I learned from the text book,what caused such great damage,what will happen next,It 句型 It is + c
7、lear/obvious/evident that + It is important/necessary/strangethat sb. (should) do sth. It is + a pity/shame that It is said/reported/expected/suggested that + It happens/seems/appears/doesnt matter whether/+ It is beyond doubt /out of question that + (毫无疑问),语言观察: 1.It is evident that to be a likeabl
8、e person, one needs to show understanding and interest towards others. 2. It is still believed that handwritten letters are irreplaceable. 3. It is important that all the citizens (should) know the importance of rubbish classification. 4. It is a pleasure that I can have a good friend as Li. 5. It g
9、oes without saying that diligence is more important than intelligence in ones success.,实战演练: 1._(让老师感到很生气) he was late for school again. 2._(希望) the project can be completed before the storm comes. 3._(是一个坏习惯) you are always late for the lecture.,It annoyed the teacher that,Its hoped that,Its a bad
10、habit that,主表一体句 语言观察: 1) what troubles me most is that he keeps making noises when doing homework. 2) What worried me most was that I found it difficult for me to remember new words. 实战演练: 1._(我要建议的是) we should put up some signs to warn people of the potential danger. 2. _(真正重要的是) how we can make f
11、ull use of the limited time.,What Id like to suggest is that,What really matters is,Whoever + 单数= those who+ 复数 Suchas 实战演练: 1._(违反校规的人) deserves to be punished. 2._(尊重别人的人) are to be respected. 3._(那些违背社会公德的人) should be criticized. morality,Whoever breaks school regulations,Those who respect others
12、,Such people as disobey public morality,名词性从句(三) 语言观察: 1)From the above discussion, I can safely draw a conclusion that success comes to anyone. 2)However, 15% of them dont know whom to tell, for the reason that they arent willing to share their inner thoughts. 结论得出:,定语从句 1.as 2.which 3.who/whom 4.w
13、hen/where/why/whose,as 置于句首或句中,引起非限制性定语从句,先行词为前(后)面的整个句子,往往有“正如,正像”的意思。 适用于:图表说明类文章、谚语俗语及其它的事实性内容的引入。 实战演练: 1._(正如俗语所云), “God help those who help themselves.” 2._(正如所预料的那样),I improved my English so much that I even won the first prize in the English Oral Contest of my school. 3._(如数据所显示), “parents”
14、ranks second for the girls but fourth for the boys.,As the saying goes,As was expected,As the data shows,4. _(众所周知), honesty is the pillar(核心)of a society.,As we all know,Which语言观察: 1)The book which was written by him is very interesting. 2)The picture which is hanging on the wall is painted by Tom.
15、 3)We discussed the video which was on language teaching. 思考:这些句子还有其他的表达形式吗?你认为哪种形式更好一些?,Which 引导的非限制性定语从句(一) 适用于:对前面句子所引起的结果进行表述。 语言观察: 1)Every day I needed to wash about 1,000 items of clothing, which was really boring and tiresome. 2)Film tickets are getting more and more expensive, which turns m
16、any potential audience away. 实战演练: 1.Recently, my English teacher, Mr. Smith is chosen as an Excellent Foreign Teacher in our city, _(这使我们所有的人都很高兴)。 2.Some advertisements do not give much information but only try to persuade people to buy, _(由此增加了) the cost on goods.,which pleased all of us,Which ad
17、ds to /increases,Which引导的非限制性定语从句(二) 适用于:与前文先行词形成整体与部分、方位对比等关系由some/all/none/most 介词短语或其他名词等+which构成,多用于说明文,记叙文。 语言观察: I have a lot of books, most of which are in English. 实战演练: 1.I have a lot of habits, _(其中) the worst one is that I often find excuses to cover my mistakes. 2.There is a library in t
18、he southern corner of our school, _(在它后面) is a swimming pool.,among/of which,behind which,3.During the “ earth hour”, people in Sydney will have a one-hour blackout activity throughout the city, _(这个活动的目的) is to make people aware of energy saving better. 4.A big fire broke out last night, _(以至于) a l
19、ot of houses were burned to the ground.,the purpose/aim of which,as a consequence of which/so that,Who/whom 语言观察: 1)Mr. Wang, who is an excellent teacher in our school, has won the great honor as one of the “10 Excellent Teachers” in our school. 2)The girl who is standing under the tree is my sister
20、. 思考:这些句子还有其他的表达形式吗?你认为哪种形式更好一些?,Who 用于summary 当中,以故事中人物作为先行词以此作为切入点,概括其所作所为,从而交代整个故事情节。 语言观察: 1)The article told us a story of a student who had thrown away his years of hard work, great academic achievements and a promising future just for some short-term benefits. 2)The passage introduced to us a
21、 writer who suffered a lot in his childhood but persevered in the schooling with the help of kind people and finally achieved his dream.(It tells us the importance of),实战演练: 1.Soon after the flood, a great number of soldiers were sent to help the rescue, _(他们不但给城市带来了水和食物), but also built shelters fo
22、r survivors. 2.About 1,000 people were involved in the survey, _(他们当中大多数) think the local government should be responsible for this accident.,who not only brought drinking water and food to the city,the majority of whom,When/where/why/whose 常用搭配: There was a time when Gone are the days when stage/si
23、tuation/point/life/activity/where The reason why When/where/why=介词+which Whose = of which the = the of which Such/the same/soas the way that/in which/ 实战演练: 1.There was a time _ computer games. (我沉溺于玩电脑游戏),when I was addicted to playing,文中要求举例叙述时,2.Now I am in a situation _ _ (我不知道如何提高我的英语成绩) 3.He r
24、efused to tell me the reason _(他为何迟到) 4.This is my life, _(在这里) I have found peace and beauty.,where I dont know how,to improve my English,why/for which he was late,where/in which,定语从句与名词性从句之间的转换 I dont know where he is from. I have no idea where he is from.I dont doubt that the exam will be hard. T
25、here is no doubt that the exam will be hard.We can conclude from the article that We can draw a conclusion from the article that I will tell you what I know. I will tell you all/anything (that) I know.,定语从句与名词性从句之间的转换 It is known to all that he is a good man. As we all know, he is a good man. What w
26、e all know is that he is a good man. We all know that he is a good man. That he is a good man is known to all.Whoever breaks the law is to be punished. Those who break the law are to be punished. Such people as break the law are to be punished.,写作中的语法是可以预知的,认真研究篇章的布局安排,找准语法在写作中的切入点,练熟常用语法形式,保证临场写作的标
27、准,是有效写作的重要环节.学会对有效语法点进行筛选,将固定的语法置于灵活的语境中,不乱用,不滥用.每次写完一篇文章,分析范文时,不仅要学习和记忆别人好的表达方式,更要思考这个表达所用的形式你还可以在文章的哪个部分用上,在哪一类文章用上,这样才可以保证在考场有限的时间内高质量地完成写作任务.,Directions: write an English composition in 120150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 有人认为高三学习就是做试卷、对答案,对学生各方面能力的培养几乎没有作用。用具体事例谈谈你对此的看法。你的文章必须包括以下内容: 你的观点; 具体事例。 审题要点: 写作时应注意下面几点: (1)注意用第一人称; (2)注意用现在时。,思路点拨: 写作要点: (1)高三学习的现状:做试卷,对答案; (2)发表观点:赞成或反对; (3)举出具体事例辅证赞成或反对做试卷,对答案这一做法的原因。,