1、,1.Its important to provide students with a good language environment./To provide students with a good language environment is important. 2. A journalist wants to interview the first prize winner of the contest. 3.My dream is to be a scientist when I grow up.,4.To improve her listening skills, Li fa
2、ng often watches TV programs.Which parts of the above sentences are infinitive phrases? the black part or the red part? What are their functions, are they the subjects, objects, predicatives or the adverbial of the sentences?,1.Its important to provide students with a good language environment.To pr
3、ovide students with a good language environment is important.Which of the above sentences is better?Why? What does “It” here refer to?Why do we use “it” here instead of the infinitive phrases at the beginning of the sentences?,Can you find more sentences with infinitive as subjects, objects, predica
4、tives or the adverbials in the text?,动词不定式动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形“, 有时可以不带to.动词不定式没有人称和数的变化, 在句子中不能作谓语。在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。,找出句子中的不定式, 并说出作用：,1. It takes you ten minutes to get there.2. I hope to see him soon. 3. His wish is to become an artist. 4. People eat to live, but not live to eat.,状语,表语,宾
5、语,主语,动词不定式作主语It is + adj.+(for sb.)to do sth. It is + adj.+(of sb.)to do sth. It takes sb. some time to do sth.,4.用作主语,To be here at Christmas time is my dream.2. To go abroad is his dream. 3. To say is easy, to do is difficult.,(这时可将其用形式主语it来替换),It is my dream to be here at Christmas time. It is hi
6、s dream to go abroad. It is easy to say, it is difficult to do.,1. 跳舞非常有趣。2. 种些植物是非常有必要的。,To dance is a lot of fun.,It is a lot of fun to dance.,To grow plants is very important.,3. 说英语对我来说并不容易。4. 听到你的声音真高兴。,To hear your voice is so nice.,It is so nice to hear your voice.,To speak English is not eas
7、y for me.,Its +,+ ( for + sb. ) + to do sth.,Its +,difficult, hard, easy, possible, impossible important,+ (of + sb.) + to do sth.,clever,wise, kind, good, right, nice wrong, bad, cruel silly, stupid, foolish careful, careless, .,e.g It is hard _ you to do it well.= For you to do it well is hard. It
8、 is kind _ you to help me.= You are kind to help me.,for,of,Its clever _ him to say so. It is impossible _ you to finish it. It was wrong _ you to tell a lie. It was careless _ you to make so many mistakes in the exam. It is silly _ her to do such a thing. It is important _ you to learn English well
9、.,of,for,of,of,of,for,e.g,非谓语动词 (动词不定式和动词-ing形式) 中考考查重点讲解,用作宾语 (v. + to do )I want to buy a computer.She hopes to find a better job.I wish to go with you. He has promised to behave better later.The boy decided not to become a sailor. I hope to go to college.,（want， would like ,wish, planhope, agree，
10、 learn， seem， decide， choose ，promise, need, refuse , warn, order, advise，allow, expect, fail, manage） + to do,1. 他想借用我的录音机。2. 他们开始读和写。3. 李琳喜欢玩什么？她喜欢踢足球。4. 你长大了想做什么？,He wants to borrow my radio.,They began to read and write.,What sports does Li Lin like to play?She likes to play soccer.,What do you
11、want to be when you grow up?,4. He agreed to help us. 5. She chose to study chemistry. 6. He failed to persuade him. 7. Do you wish to eat alone?,后跟动词不定式和动名词意思一样的动词：start to do = begin to do= start doing =begin doinglike/love to do 接近于like/love doinghate/ dislike to do接近于 hate/ dislike doing,他喜欢游泳。H
12、e likes _. 我不想打扰你。I dont like _.,to disturb you,swimming,1. Mary loves _. 2. I hate to _.,reading / to read,trouble / troubling him,后跟动词不定式和动名词意思 不一样的动词forget to do forget doing remember to do remember doing stop to do stop doing try to do try doing,3. 她忘记寄这封信了。She forgot _. 4. 我永远忘不了初次寄信的情景。Ill nev
13、er forget _ a letter for the first time. 5. I remember_ ( see ) her once.= I remember that I _ ( see )her once. 6. Remember _ me.= I hope youll phone me.,to post,seeing,saw,to phone,posting,他停下来跟我说话。He stopped _. 他停止讲话 He stopped _. 她试着写作文。She tried _.,to talk with me,talking,writing a composition,他
14、尝试着记下所有单词，可是他失败了。他尝试着去敲后门。,enjoy, finish, keep, mind ,suggest, cant help，admit, deny, give up, practise, be busy, be worth, feel like,e.g. 1. 他对听音乐总是兴致勃勃。 He always enjoys listening to music.2. 我打扫完房间了 I have finished cleaning the room.3. 你不能像这样老变主意。 You shouldnt keep changing your ideas like this.,
15、+ doing sth.,II.,4. Would you mind _ with you? 5. He suggested _ for a walk. 6. I couldnt help _.,my coming,going out,crying,2. 用作宾语补足语：(v. + sb. + to do ),She asked me to help her. The teacher told him to come on time. Edisons mother taught him to read and write.want sb. to do wish sb. to doget sb.
16、 to do order sb. to dolike sb. to do would like sb. to do help sb. to do advise sb.to do invite sb. to do sth. promise sb. to doencourage sb. to do allow sb. to do sth.,make, have, let, see, watch, hear, feel , notice,+ sb. do sth.,e.g. I cant make the horse go. 我无法使这匹马走动。I wont have (允许，容许) you say
17、 such things. 我可不许你说这样的话。My mother wouldnt let me go to the film. 我妈妈不会让我去看电影的。Did you notice him leave the house? 你看到他离开房间了吗？I often hear him sing the song.,V.,作宾语补足语不带to 的情况：,Let me do it. I saw him cross the street. 常见动词有： 使役动词: let, make, have 感官动词: see, watch, hear, feel, listen to 比较： I heard
18、her singing in the next room. I heard her sing in the next room.,3. 用作状语(adverbial)：,He came to show me his new CD player. (目的) I went there to see my teacher. (目的) She came back to get her English book. (目的) The boy was too frightened to move. (结果),5. 用作表语,His work is to feed the animals. Her job i
19、s to look after the patients. My wish is to be a scientist.,1. 我的工作是每天打扫这间屋子。2. 最上策的计划就是马上离开这儿。3. 我的梦想就是成为一名科学家。,My work is to clean the room every day.,The best plan is to leave at once.,My dream is to be a scientist.,Give me something to drink. I have two books to read. They have much food to eat.
20、 He asked for a room to live in. I dont have a pen to write with. The ice is hard enough to skate on. He bought a toy to play with.,6. 用作定语(这时不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系。若是不及物动词, 介词不能省略),.,e.g They had no room to live _.The pen is very good to write _.The chair is nice to sit _.,in,with,on,1. 我有许多书要看。2. 她有几个问题要问。
21、3. 他有一台电视要修。4. 我没什么可担心的。,I have many books to read.,She has a few questions to ask.,He has a TV set to repair.,I have nothing to worry about.,5. 他是一个值得信赖的人。6. 爱迪生是第一个发明电灯的人。7. 他那生病母亲最多可活三个月。,He is a man to believe in.,Edison was the first man to invent the lights.,His sick mother has three months to
22、 live at most.,.,what / where / when / how / why + to do sth.,e.g. How to do it is still a question.Have you decided when to hold the party ?,7. 疑问词who, what, which, where, when, how 加to do可构成不定式短语, 在句中可用作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。,When to start has not been decided. (主语) I dont know what to do. (宾语) He can t
23、ell you where to get the book. (宾语补足语) The question is who(m) to ask. (表语),比较(Compare),I dont know what to do. I dont know how to do it. I dont know what to do next. I dont know how to do the next. I dont know what to do with it. I dont know how to deal with it.,sb. + be done + to do sth.,e.g He is
24、often heard _ the song.They were made _ day and night.,to sing,to work,.,be +,happy, glad, pleased angry, sorry, lucky slow, quick, careful ready, nice,+ to do sth.,e.g I am sorry to hear that.(形容词后的宾语)He is wrong to say so.I was very lucky to get a copy so cheap. “我这么便宜地买到一本,真是幸运极了。,*be quick to le
25、arn sth. * 学某事学得快 Be careful not to fall off the ladder.当心别从梯子上掉下来。 He is ready to help . 愿意帮忙,.,e.g. I found it very important to learn English well. = I found that _ _ very important to learn English well. I feel it my duty to do so.= I feel that _ _ my duty to do so.,think, find,+ it + adj. / n +
26、 to do sth.,it was,it is,Exercises,1. - Youve done very well this time.- Its really kind _.A. for you to say so B. for you saying soC. of you to say so D. of you saying so 2. It is better to lose ones life than _.A. if you lose your spiritB. losing his spiritC. to lose ones spiritD. your spirit gett
27、ing lost,C,C,3. I cant work in this way.- Why not _ it in some other way?A. try to do B. try doingC. trying to do D. trying doing 4. Since you find it difficult _ a decision, youd better a discussion( 讨论) with your parents.A. reach; have B. reaching; haveC. reach; having D. to reach; have,B,D,5. My
28、father hates(痛恨) _. He never allows me _.A. to smoke; to smokeB. smoking; smokingC. smoke; smokingD. smoking; to smoke 6. The girl was beginning _.A. get angry B. to get angryC. getting angry D. angry,D,B,7. There isnt any difference between the two. I really dont know _.A. where to choose B. which
29、to chooseC. what to choose D. to choose which 8. The bag is too heavy for me _.A. to carry it B. not to carry itC. to carry D. not to carry 9. The teacher will teach him _.A. to use B. use it C. how to use it D. uses,B,C,C,They looked for him everywhere and found him _ under the tree. a. lies b. lyi
30、ng c. lay d. lain,考点: see/hear/find/watch sb. do sth. (看见某人做了某事） See/hear/find/watch sb. doing sth. (看见某人正在做某事),b,I saw him _ the supermarket just now. a. entered b. entering c. enter d. to enter The girl who sold matches was found _ the next morning. a. die b. dying c. died d. dead,c,d,-Do you reme
31、mber _ me somewhere in Hangzhou? -Yes. I think thats 2 years ago. a. see b. seeing c. to see d. saw,b,The more you think about it, the more questions you will think of _. a. ask b. asked c. asking d. to ask 考点: to do 表示目的 The doctor did what he could _ that child. a. save b. to save c. saved d. saving,d,b,I have no pen _. a. writing b. writing with c. to write with d. writing,to do 作定语, 如是不及物动词构成不定式短语作定语, 其后需接介词,c,Thank you,
