1、 33 6 2013 M 12 ZPROGRESS IN PHYSICSVol.33 No.6Dec. 2013MMM MMM ZZZZ V B * =Sv q L i Z 200241KKK 111 : |MM 0 ,r VMM ? q ?ar q) A b$ MM NV L Z M Q a , M LCaM8 0.a Er aM HMM KZ ?Z -T Zb111 ooo MMM : 0 , M M mmm sss | O48 DDD SSS M M M A“ cI. 382II. , M 384A. | , M K 385B. L l 385C. r , M 386III. M 387
2、A. M 0 . 387B. M , r 390C. E r $ 392D. E r L Z 396IV. M 398A. M8 398B. M 399V. K 401A. )( A d M 402B. M 1 d , 402C. H , 404D. 404E. M i 405VI. Z 405A. 8 i% 406B. M d i% 406C. M M i% 407 408Received date: 2013-8-5* I D 408I. r B 0 C 4 0 0 0 V ? , 0 ? C 1b r Y = d 1 Z 8 C 4 0 o = H 9 C S / bMehta V w
3、m 3 (c) 7 l H | 9 T EFE(x) = Edep = P“F( 2“Fl2“Fl +“els) = ( P“F)(1 )(1)N) “e “F B M 8 M 1 l M ls 7 P 1 ? 9 $ T d C M j r y b “ 8 ? T | T Vv H A V y 7 B H W 1 , M bB. L L L lll , M l S L T b 1998 M= F v s n Ducharme l F ? C 25C H 0 = P(VDF-TrFE) A ) L ? L C M 7 1 17b B M l L T # M 1 34;35 7 , M 1N 7
4、 S V L Z Q , M i V ? - % I n H H q J a V Y 1 N , M B H 7 y T C b1999 M Tybell 36 L T q 5 u M 8 4 , 10 Pb (Zr0:2Ti0:8)O3 (PZT) ? C M M 7 A U L l s m H Rabe Ghosez ? V 37b “ Ghosez Rabe38 B 9 4 r W T Hq / PTO M PTO 1 H V B 9 0 0 G M M T B M M 5 = M M 5 b m 8 (a) T T0 H 01 M y c 1 ? K ) K H M 3 1 ? C T
5、 T0 H) Mb (b) MF s |V7 ?YV X W ? 7 LCQ9 Er$b M M b # H | ) M M 3 W ? S 3 v E M r 7 L = 5 1 X b M V $ $ 1 9 i K S 7 K 7 3 M Z _M Q | i O “ h | r F A b X M M 44;61 L “ 102 d Z T y d ? , M H 7 M E r ? 3 b2003 M Contreras 91 Pt/Pb(Zr0:52Ti0:48)O3/SRO q 0 1 “ b 6 , Pb(Zr0:52Ti0:48)O3 + w L C E s A V E m
6、9 U E M 7 1 “ c 8 , M B V Q V ? E M 7 1 bKohlstedt 20 2005 M D | M 8 T M iO 9 B Q M 0 ,i q 7 E 7 1 V d M 1 M F a d = i bI n M 8 K e M m 10 U m 9. (a) M8 Uim (b)6 , PZT I V wLb1D 91 0 n b , H 0 i s ? ) i O s Y A n ? ) EF EF + eV ) 0 o f 0 H 9 ? B q s 1 0 F B _ H n ? )| _/ % M 0 + ) 0 V , b 2006 M Tsy
7、mbal Kohlstedt Science 9 M Y 0 , q V ? y m 10 103b M . d + M 3 Q M d A Y b Y L (1) M ? $ 1 0 7 y N Q M | s potential proflle b (2) M 0 0 M Y 7 104 Q M 0 V 7 Y 0 E i y N M 0 i q b (3) F F H M r 3 M M ? z h 0 + M 1 M bm 10. MM # EM mb1D 103392 Z : M M ZMaksymovych 78 B V Y V e 0 , M b H L H q ? M 8 2
8、, / H y N Maksymovych 78 A + 30 , M k 0 5 Y V v Z Z T b V 1 “ “ J Y $ Q L 1 7 r r M L | H y bGruverman 89 F ! 9 , L 4 Z T Q 0 , 1 m 11 bm 11. (a) L Uim (b) 4.8 , BTO PFM HL (c) V f PFM m V_/ V_ (d) (c) M , smuVv YV (e) V PFM mA U /V u u uV T/ QLV M (f) (e) M ub1D 89 m 11 (a) U i m BTO V ( Y U Y M 1
9、b V 0 A (Con-ducting Atomic Force Microscopy C-AFM) BTO ZE 9 1 5 7 t , O r , H| K v E = P=“121b m 13 (b) M N) L ! M1 7 1 M2 v b Y V Z V 7 | v l 1 j(0)j 6= 2 j(d)j / m 13 (b) U ) s O Q H s 9 ? 3 M m L V U b N V 7 P s M 8 Q | V E M , E v l b2007 M Gajek 102 Nature M 2 , M La0:1Bi0:9MnO3(LBMO) M L T 0
10、, i O Y V 0 M C 20% E M 7 M8 SrTiO3 H “ / E E C y N LBMO Q E 7 1 r394 Z : M M Zm 13. (a) M sm# (b) 1 smLLLV U P Q H s#| E Z_Mb1D 21 M 1 Kohlstedt 118 Zhu-ravlev 214 V ? B bVelev T W f Pt/BTO/Pt M 122 Fe/BTO/Fe 123 4 M Q M M 1 (1) o M # (2) h M q M - M 0 i f V 7 P i q ?3 M 5 Y 0 o f h V T 4 r 4 M r i
11、 V ? “ 7 20 b BTO Z _ H 0 , ? 3 v M bLei 124 d f ZE W f Pt/BTO/Pt M M r r 0 Y “ d b M d M H 8 BTO M H 8 BTO M r h 9 , M q X r M i% J i 1 d P . d A T 9 ? L C q / q 1 y N V VU J = cexpffi(V)(2 eV=2)3=2 (1 +eV=2)3=2gfi2(V)(2 eV=2)1=2 (1 +eV=2)1=22 sinh32fi(V)(2 eV=2)1=2 (1 +eV=2)1=2eV2 (12) c = (4em=92
12、3) fi(V) 4d(2m)1=2=3(1+eV 2)b Z # L | 4.8 2.4 , BTO L IV + w L m 16 U b 4.8 , BTO Q - E M M 2 ) P s Zhuravlev 21;137 TER r L b BTO ? l y N vv h l , M q y N ? E r bm 16. C-AFM 4.8 , BTO MQZ_Hq/ I V wLb LL WKB E L b = 3mPm 2.4 , BTO MQZ_Hq/ I V wLb = 3mm Z_/ ?m Ub1D 89V m 16 = 3 m ? m U V Q M , V BTO
13、12 P V 1.28 M 0.48 eVb 0.8 eV M Q M | / b 6 ? ?C 1 2 _ H 1 _/ H v V o b p , b V ? h M “ ? 9 v 7 9 v 138bGarcia 54 M BTO/LSMO P BTO PFM 0 A (CTAFM) u i Y V CTAFM / E M bPFM CTAFM 1a 2 3 , BTO s Y m 17 (ac) U 1 , BTO m 17 (a) U PFM 1 m 17 (d) B V n i A E M m 17 (g) V B / u TER r 200% P 2 , 3 , BTO s Y
14、 | 10,000% 75,000% TERb m 17(k) V B S = TER “ BTO 9 F t b+ B H Maksymovych 78 PZT 9 T T V X ? Y V M Z _ e 0 7 E b PZT 1? E m 26 (c) b M Q e TMR | ZE 4 B L C 1 V e 1 0 q o b2010 M Hambe 185 LSMO/BFO/LAMO M ? C E i O E 1 V r r $ 1 Duan 138;1604 H r b 7 L M ? / ? AC ? 7 O H E 9 i X b _ E D vm 25. (a) m
15、 q m phVHZ_ p V ap Q (a) m 4.2 K 2 mV RH wL (a) /m 30 K HHL (b) phVZ_ (a) /m 4.2 K H_ _/ IV wL=m TER G 1“b1D 182 l F 186 M H A TMR r TER r M (Ba,Sr)TiO3T M H | 1 La0:7Ca0:3MnO3 LSMOm 27 b Q L C M E W Q M 9 ? Q H T / E b y N Y V M F _ Q _ Q E q V W C bm 28 % 10 mV / Z _ _ _/ H H E 1 “ b H Q W 4 E l MV H ? 3 J b Q R H w L M P Q E M N H $ 4 B 4 , H , f / V $ 4 q V d = i bV. K M M E s K B t S T E 7 1 b M F _ H _ Nb:STO 8 T o 7 p 7 _ 5 P Q Y i M E o 1 p b N E L o 7 p o 1 p / + M t
