1、1-1 对立法 : 先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法,适用于有争议性的主题.例如(e.g)1. When asked about., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that . But I think/view a bit differently.2. When it comes to , some people believe that . Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true . There is probably some truth
2、 in both arguments /statements , but (I tend to the former/latter .)3. Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that They claim/ believe/argue that . But I wonder/doubt whether.1-2 现象法 引出要剖析的现象或者问题, 然后评论 .e.g1. Recently the rise in problem of/(phenomenon of) . has cause/arouse
3、d public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern.2. Recently the issue of the problem of/the phenomenon of .has been brought into focus. ( has been brought to public attention)3.Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality . is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.- To b
4、e continued !1-3 观点法 -开门见山,直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法.e.g:1. Never history has the change of been as evident as . Nowhere in the world/China has the issue/idea of been more visible/popular than.2. Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginning/coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that.3. Now there
5、is a growing awareness/recognition of the necessity toNow people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of 4. Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that.1-4 引用法 - 先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法, 来引出文章要展开论述的观点!e.g:1. “Knowledge is power.“ such is the remark made by Bacon. This
6、 remark has been shared by more and more people .“Education is not complete with graduation.“ Such is the opinion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opinion.2.“.“ How often we hear such statements/words like those /this .In our own days we are used to hearing such tr
7、aditional complains as this “.1-5 比较法 - 通过对过去,现在 两种不同的倾向,观点的比较 , 引出文章要讨论的观点.e.g:1. For years, .had been viewed as . But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing . , people . .2. People used to think that . (In the past, ) But people now share this new.1-6 故事法 - 先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣, 引出文章的主题
8、.e.g:1. Once in (a newspaper) , I read of/learnt The phenomenon of . has aroused public concern.2. I have a friend who . Should he ? Such a dilemma we are often confront with in our daily life.3. Once upon a time, there lived a man who . This story may be (unbelievable) , but it still has a realisti
9、c significance now.1-8 问题法 - 先用讨论或解答的设问, 引出自己观点, 适用于有争议性的话题.e.g:Should/What ? Options of . vary greatly , some ., others .But in my opinion , .Chapter 2 文章中间主体内容句型原因结果分析3-1-1. 基本原因 - 分析某事物时, 用此句型说明其基本的或者多方面的原因.e.g:1. Why . ? For one thing For another .2. The answer to this problem involves many fact
10、ors. For one thing. For another Still another .3. A number of factors , both physical and psychological affect /both individual and social contribute to 3-1-2 另一原因 - 在分析了基本原因之后, 再补充一个次要的或者更重要时用!e.g:1. Another important factor is 2. . is also responsible for the change/problem.3. Certainly , the . is
11、 not the sole reason for .3-1-3 后果影响 - 分析某事物可能造成的后果或者带来的影响 .e.g:1. It will produce a profound/far-reaching effect/impact on2. In involves some serious consequence for 比较对照句型3-2-1. 两者比较 - 比较两事物, 要说出其一超过另一个, 或肯定一事物的优点, 也肯定其缺点的时候用 !e.g:1. The advantages gained from A are much greater than the advantage
12、s we gain from B.2. Indeed, A carries much weight when compared with B.3. There is no doubt that it has its negative effects as well as positive effects.3-2-2 . 两者相同/相似 - 比较两事物共同都有或者共同都没有的特点时用!e.g:1. A and B have several thing in common. They are similar in that.2. A bears some striking resemblance(
13、s) to B.Chapter Three 文章结尾形式2-1 结论性- 通过对文章前面的讨论 ,引出或重申文章的中心思想及观点 .e.g:1. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that .2. In summary/In a word , it is more valuable .2-2 后果性- 揭示所讨论的问题若不解决, 将产生的严重后果.e.g:1. We must call for an immediate method , because the current phenom
14、enon of . , if allowed to proceed, will surely lead to the heavy cost of .2. Obviously , if we ignore/are blind to the problem , there is every chance that will be put in danger.2-3 号召性 - 呼吁读者行动起来, 采取行动或提请注意.e.g:1. It is time that we urged an immediate end to the undesirable tendency of 2. It is ess
15、ential that effective measures should be taken to correct the tendency.2-4 建议性 - 对所讨论的问题提出建议性的意见, 包括建议和具体的解决问题的方法.e.g:1. While it cannot be solved immediately, still there are ways. The most popular is Another method is . Still another one is .2. Awareness/Recognition of the problem is the first ste
16、p toward the situation.2-5 方向性的结尾方式 - 其与建议性的唯一差别就是对问题解决提出总的, 大体的方向或者指明前景.e.g:1. Many solutions are being offered here , all of them make some sense, but none is adequate enough. The problem should be recognized in a wide way .2. There is no quick method to the issue of , but might be helpful/benefic
17、ial.3. The great challenge today is There is much difficulty , but 2-6 意义性的结尾方式 - 文章结尾的时候,从更高的更新的角度指出所讨论的问题的重要性以及其深远的意义! e.g:1. Following these suggestions may not guarantee the success, but the payoff might be worth the effort . It will not only be beneficial to but also be of great benefit to.2. I
18、n any case, whether it is positive or negative, one thing is certain that it will undoubtedly 1.表示原因For the sake of1)There are three reasons for this.2)The reasons for this are as follows.3)The reason for this is obvious.4)The reason for this is not far toseek.5)The reason for this is that.6)We have
19、 good reason to believethat.例如： There arethree reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life.Firstly，peoples living standard has beengreatly improved.Secondly，most people are well paid，and they can afford what they need or like.Last but notleast，more and more people prefer to enjoy moder
20、n life.注：如考生写第一个句子没有把握，可将其改写成两个句子。如：Greatchanges have taken place in our life. There are three reasons for this.这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误。新四六级备考专题：包含报考信息、四六级新题型介绍、四级满分牛人经验谈等2.表示好处1)It has the following advantages.2)It does us a lot of good.3)It benefits us quite a lot.4)It is beneficial to us.5)It is of great
21、 benefit to us.例如： Books arelike friends.They ca n help us know the world better，andthey can open our minds and widen our horizons.Therefore，readingextensively is of great benefit to us.3.表示坏处1)It has more disadvantages thanadvantages.2)It does us much harm.3)It is harmful to us.例如： However，everythi
22、ng divides into two.Television can also be harmfulto us. It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much timewatching televi- sion.4.表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能1)It is important(necessary，difficult，convenient， possible)for sb.to do sth.2)We think it necessary to do sth.3)It plays an importan
23、t role in ourlife.例如： Computersare now being used everywhere，whether in the government，in schools or in business. Soon，computers will be found in every home，too.We have goodreason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in ourlife and we have stepped into the Computer Age.5.
24、表示措施1)We should take some effectivemeasures.2)We should try our best toovercome(con quer)the difficulties.3)We should do our utmost in doing sth.4)We should solve the problems that weare confronted(faced)with.例如：The housingproblem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious.Therefo
25、re，we must take some effective measures to solve it.6.表示变化1)Some changes have taken place in thepast five years.2)A great change will certainly beproduced in the worlds communications.3)The computer has brought about manychanges in education.例如： Some changeshave taken place in peoples diet in the pa
26、st fiveyears.The major reasons for these changes are not far to seek.Nowadays，more and more people are switching from grain to meat forprotein，and from fruit and vegetable to milk forvitamins.7.表示事实、现状1)We cannot ignore the fact that.2)No one can deny the fact that.3)There is no denying the fact tha
27、t.4)This is a phenomenon that many peopleare interested in.5)However，thatsnot the case.例如： We cannotignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems ofpollution. To solve these problems， we can start byeducating the public about the hazards of pollution. The government on its parts
28、hould also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment.8.表示比较1)Compared with A，B.2)I prefer to read rather than watchTV.3)There is a striking contrast betweenthem.例如： Comparedwith cars，bicycles have several advantages besidesbeing affordable.Firstly，they do not consume naturalresources of
29、petroleum.Secondly，they do not cause thepollution problem.Last but not least，they contribute topeoples health by giving them due physical exercise.新四六级备考专题：包含报考信息、四六级新题型介绍、四级满分牛人经验谈等9.表示数量1)It hasincreased(decreased)from.to.2)The population in this city has nowincreased (decreased)to 800，000.3)The o
30、utput of July in this factoryincreased by 15% compared with that of January.例如： With theimprovement of the living standard，the proportion ofpeoples income spent on food has dec reased while thatspent on education has increased.再如： From thegraph listed above，itcan be seen that student use ofcomputers
31、 has increased from an average of less than two hours per week in 1990to 20 hours in 2000.注：“From thegraph listed above，it can be seen that”见句式 12。考生将句式9 和句式 12 结合在一起，便可较好地写出 2002 年 6 月 CET -4、6 短文写作的第一段。10.表示看法1)People have(take，adopt，assume)different attitudes towards sth.2)People have different o
32、pinions onthis problem.3)People take different views of(on)thequestion.4)Some people believe that.Othersargue that.例如：People havedifferent attitudes towards failure.Some believe that failure leads to success. Every failure they experience translates into a greaterchance of success at their renewed e
33、ndeavor.However，others are easily discouraged by failures and put themselves into the categoryof losers.再如：Do“lucky numbers”really bring good luck？Different people have different views on it.注：一个段落有时很适宜以问句开始，考生应掌握这一写作方法。11.表示结论1)In short，itcan be said that.2)It may be briefly summed up asfollows.3)F
34、rom what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that .例如： From whathas been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusionthat examination is necessary，however，its method should be improved.注：例句 1 可用于任何一个段落的结论句；例句 3 则多用文章结论段的第一句。12.套语1)Its wellknown to us that .2)As is known to us，.3)
35、This is a topic that is being widelytalked about.4)From the graph(table，chart)listedabove，it can be seen that .5)As aproverb says，“Wherethere is a will，there is a way.例如： As is wellknown to us，it is important for the students to knowthe world outside campus. The reason for this is obvious.Nowadays，t
36、he society is changing and developing rapidly，and the campus is no longer an“ivorytower.As college students，we must get in touch with theworld outside the campus.Only in this way can we adapt ourselves to the societyquickly after we graduate.再如： Does it payto be honest？This is a topic that is being
37、widelytalked about and different people have different开头句式背景句:1.There is no consensus of opinionsamong people as to some people tend to have afavorable attitude towardWhile, others have anunpleasant association with2. Recently, the issue of hasbeen brought into public focus. 近来，_的问题引起了社会的广泛关注。3. Rec
38、ently the issue of (whetheror not) has been in the limelight（成为引人注目的中心）and has aroused wide concern in the public. 近来，是否_的问题已经非常明确而且引起了社会的广泛关注。4. Along with the advance of thesociety more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is 随着社会的不断发展，出现了越来越多的问题，其中之一便是_。5. Now we are enter
39、ing a brand new erafull of opportunities and innovations, and great changes have taken place in peoplesattitude towards some traditional practice. 现在我们进入了一个充满机遇和创新的崭新时代，很多人对某些传统的看法也发生了很大改变。6._ has become a hot topic amongpeople，especially among the young and heated debatesare right on their way._已成为
40、人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的辩论。7.In no country other than China, ithas been said, is the problem of _more serious.中间句式过渡句:1.Most of us，however，have formed a different picture ofsomepeople think they are beneficial, while others hold the opposite view.2.And we rarely reach an absolute consensuson such
41、a controversial issue. 对于这种极具争议的话题，我们很难作出绝对的回答。3.People from different backgroundswould put different interpretations on the same case. 不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同。4. harbor the idea that,take the attitude that,hold the view that,认为5.Some people take the attitude thatcan produce positive effects on us6.Thos
42、e who have already benefited frompracticing it sing high praise of it.First of allFurthermoreWhats more7.The other side of the picture isquite the opposite.8.Others harbor the idea that,may bring about negative impacts on us.Those who strongly disapprove of .have cogent reasons for it. For one thing
43、 ,For another,9. There are some factors leading tothis problem.10. A number of factors are responsiblefor this problem.11. A number of factors could accountfor the problem, but the following are the most critical ones结尾句式总结句:1.Perhaps there is an element of truthin both these pictures.2.As far as I
44、am concerned, Iaminclined to be on the side ofthe former view. 在我看来，我较同意前一种观点。3.After a thorough consideration, formy part, I am in favor of the former view. 经过深思熟虑，我较支持前一种看法4.In view of the seriousness of thisproblem, effective measures should be taken before things get worse.5.For one thing, it is
45、 essential thatlaws and regulations be worked out and enforced to ban/reduce6. For one thing, it is essential thatlaws and regulations be worked out and enforced to ban/reduceFor another, the public should enhancetheir awareness of the importance of.With these measures taken, it isreasonable for us
46、to believe that the problem will be solved in the nearfuture.7.总而言之，我们离不开_但是同时我们必须尽力找出解决可能出现问题的新办法。All in all, we cannot livewithout_. But at the same time we must try to find out new ways to copewith the problems that would arise.8 总而言之，整个社会应该密切关注_问题。只有这样，我们才能_In a word, the whole society should payclose attention to the problem of _. Only in this way can _ infuture.
