1、六级作文,出题内容,关于大学生的话题常见的社会问题,出题形式,六级考试作文的出题方式有：命题作文，看图画或图表作文，根据所给文章（英文或中文）写出文章摘要或大意，给出关键词作文等,五个类型,对立观点型，社会现象型，谚语警句型。图表图画型，应用写作型。,时间与字数,六级考试作文要求在30分钟内写出一片不少于150词的文章，只不过是比四级多30多个字就行了。有的同学太担心字数以至于在考场上就开始数数。在答题卡上平均一行的合理字数为8-10个单词，六级写作最合理字数180左右。,30分钟的合理安排,5（审题和构思）+ 20（正文）+ 5（检查） *不建议打草稿，你没有时间也没有地方* 可以写出一些关
2、键词和大纲来* 最后五分钟要自查硬伤-检查语法错误，连接错误，标点符号等。,重新定义六级作文,写六级作文不是像写日记那样把事情表达清楚就好，而是要想尽办法使用比较复杂的词和句子结构去写出一篇符合要求的文章。,大纲解读：两大原则,书写工整、卷面整洁、语言第一位、结构第二位、内容第三位：,语言：,基本正确， 无重大语法错误丰富多变（词汇+句型）,结构,段数：3-4段落结构：总分总主题句：翻译提纲，1句论证：2句小结：1句,金玉良言,写好第一句话 多用长句，少用短句 结构要清晰 多用衔接性的词组或单词 词汇的使用上多使用复杂词汇，尤其是六级词汇 如有可能，适当加上一两句名言或是谚语，以显示你见识的广
3、博。 文章不要写得太长。,课后可以这样练,每天三十分钟的free writing两三天后的修改找一个比你水平低的人，帮他改作文,作文的修改,写完两三天后修改1.语法错误2.合并简单句3.换词,评分标准,1. 满分为15分（15%/710分106分）。2. 评分标准分五等：2分、5分、8分、11分及14分。各有标准样卷一至两份。3. 阅卷人员根据评分标准，对照样卷评分，若认为与某一分数（如8分）相似，即定为该分数（即8分）；若认为稍优或稍劣于该分数则可加一分（即9分）或减一分（即7分）。但不得加或减半分。,4. 评分标准14分 切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较好。基本上无语言错误，仅有个别
4、小错。11分 切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。8分 基本切题。有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯；语言错误相当多，其中有一些是严重错误。5分 基本切题。表达思想不清楚，连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误。2分 条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。 注：白卷, 作文与题目毫不相关，或只有几个孤立的词，无法表达思想，则给0分。,现象解释/漫画,第一段：引入现象（好现象居多）， 补充例子第二段： 分析问题 给出原因第三段：阐述影响 预测趋势,问题解决型,基本上是提出一个坏的社会现象，让你分析原因或者影响，然后提出对策第一段：引入现象，补充例子第二段
5、：分析原因， 阐述影响第三段：提出对策， 加以解决,第一段可借鉴的模板,The prevalence of _has been a grave problem in our society. Almost every day newspapers carry articles pertaining to(关于)_. For example ,_. Although measures have been implemented to deal with this problem, it still remains a serious threat.,第二段阐明危害,The consequence
6、 of _ is obvious. (_ can no doubt generate/trigger/bring severe consequences if we hear no evil, smell no evil. ) For one thing, _. For another thing, _. Whats more,_(if needed),结尾段,1. 提出对策。三个万能措施：呼吁政府、加大惩罚、提高意识、,In conclusion, it is imperative for us to take effective measures to reverse the distur
7、bing phenomenon. To begin with, we should appeal to our authorities to make strict laws to control A. Furthermore, Punishment should be enhanced to give enough warning to _ A. Finally,. we should enhance the awareness of people about Only in this way can we _. With tough laws and an educated public,
8、 _ will become a thing of the past.,Drunken driving,1 醉酒驾车日益增多 2 醉酒驾车的危害 3 如何减少醉酒驾车,The prevalence of drunken driving has been a grave problem in our society which arouse public concern. Almost every day newspapers and TV alike carry articles and news pertaining to accidents of drunken driving. For
9、example ,in Hangzhou, a drunken driver deprived 9 peoples lives. Although measures have been implemented to deal with this problem, it still remains a serious threat.,It is obvious that drunken driving can no doubt generate severe consequences if we hear no evil, smell no evil. For one thing, and th
10、e most important, it could easily trigger accidents which often result in the death of people and broken of families, with parents loosing their only child, children loosing their dependable supporters, and lovers loosing their beloved ones. For another thing, it is also no easy for the driver and h
11、is family. The reason is obvious-financial burden , inevitably involved in this phenomenon because economic compensation to the victims is necessary.,In conclusion, it is imperative for us to take effective measures to reverse the disturbing phenomenon. To begin with, we should appeal to our authori
12、ties to make strict laws to control drunken driving. Furthermore, Punishment should be enhanced to give enough warning to this phenomenon. Finally,. we , as a citizen who has consciousness, should enhance the awareness of people about the hazards of drunken driving. Only in this way can we minimize
13、the negative effects of this phenomenon， reduce the frequency and ultimately eliminate this threatening behavior.,高分作文,词汇准确多样句式复杂有力,用词准确多样,一、准确性比如在图表类作文当中, 我们会经常表达“有很大的增长”， 很多会写成-a big increase.不够准确，我们应当写成 a sharp increase.平时多注意收集准确、地道、多样的用词，尤其注意收集和使用搭配。当然是从阅读中收集。具体来说，可以收集以下三种搭配。形容词+名词 如a sharp incr
14、ease动词+名词 如make a mistake, commit a crime, commit suicide.动词+副词 如expand sharply/dramatically,多样性,A. 用同义词替代例1: A 对 B很重要. 1）A is important to B.2）A plays an important rolepart in B.3）A is of importance to B.4）B cannot livedevelopgrow survive without A.5）A is to B what the foundation is to a skyscraper
15、 water is to fish.6）A is essential/significant/ crucial/critical /vital to B.7）The importance of A to B can never be exaggerateddenied ignored.,例2 ，不同国家不同背景的人在不同场合有着不同的观点。,Different people with different personal backgrounds in different countries have different opinions on different occasions.Diffe
16、rent在不同场合的同义词有unlike、dissimilar（不同的，不一样的），distinct、separate（个别的，单独的），various、assorted（各种各样的，多样的）,这句话可以改为：Different people with unlike personal backgrounds in various countries have varying opinions on changed occasions.其实表达类似意思还可以写成：Peoples opinion differ/vary/diverge as to ,例3：如今，越来越多的人将越来越多的时间花在了看
17、越来越多的电视节目上,Nowadays，more and more people are spending more and more leisure time watching more and more television programs.建议改第一个more and more为a rising/increasing/growing number of，第二个more and more 为a lions share of（最大的份额），最后一组more and more 可以改为：a kaleidoscope/ kladskop / of (万花筒一般的)。,例四、,First-yea
18、r students may encounter discouraging problems when they enter universities on the very first day. For example, first-year students are very likely to get lost as to where first-year students can find cafeterias.these new-comers / these freshmen (同义词) they (代词),使用上义词或代词避免重复,上义词就是表示类概念的词，下义词表示属概念，上义词
19、和下义词之间的关系是：下义词属于上义词,The flower blooms inside the greenhouse, but the flower withers when the flower is put outside. 这句话出现了三个flower，可以将第二个flower改为它的上义词plant，第三个改为it.,把小词变成大词,在所有可能的同义词的词群中挑选出更有难度的词，拔高用词等级,词汇高级化范本,The development of 21st century has seen a big change in social, cultural and technologic
20、al fields.The advent of 21st century has witnessed a profound change in social,cultural and technological arenas/ rin /竞技场.,例1：He broke the window in his anger. 他一怒之下砸碎了窗户。He broke the window in his rage/furry表达就更加丰富了,例2Your suitcase is rather heavy-what have you got in it? 你的手提箱很沉，里面都放了些什么啊？heavywe
21、ightyponderous,例3It is a very cold night. 这天晚上很冷。It is a freezing night.It is a icy night.It is a frosty night.,最长用的单词,例：认为 Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced优势 ：Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, stren
22、gth,重要的：Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative急剧地：Dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，enormously，steeply， substantially，considerably，significantly，markedly，surprisingly， strikingly，radically，remarkably，vastly，noticeably,句型闪光,被动优先句子复杂（定从，状从）一
23、个强调一个倒装一个虚拟,被动优先,大家要养成习惯随便写做个主动的句子都要考虑能不能改成被动句 原句：We should take effective measures to stop various forms of pollution.变为Effective measures should be taken to stop various forms of pollution.,汉语中的无主句1）What should one do in a case like this?What should be done in a case like this?,句子扩展,你老用简单句没有错。但是如果
24、一点复杂句都没有那么肯定不会有高分。,-Reading makes a full man; Writing makes an exact man ，阅读造就了一个完备的人，写作造就了一个准确的人。,添油加醋法,我毕业于交通大学，写成：I graduated from Jiaotong University这样的句子只是一个SV结构的简单句， 怎么办？I graduated with honors from Jiaotong University, one of the most prestigious universities in China, in 1999, when I became
25、an English teacher.,英语句子写作的基本思路：,将中文信息还原为简单朴实的基本结构按英语结构完成英语按照英语修饰习惯进行扩展。,拉长主谓宾，加上定状补,例：I love you.I, ,love you.I, ,love you .I, , love you .,I, with all my heart and soul, which is never going to change until the end of the time, love you , whose eyes are filled with love and encouragement , which h
26、as supported me all the way here ,truly, Rose.,练习一,The firm gave Sam a watch.The well-established privately-run American trading firm generously gave Sam, a sixty-year-old gray-haired electrician with three sons and a daughter, a gold Swiss watch on his retirement. 那家声誉卓著的私营美国贸易公司在六十岁的Sam退休的时候慷慨地将一块
27、金质瑞士手表赠给了这位头发花白、有三个儿子和一个女儿的电工。,练习二,I learned my English.In Quzhou University, one of the most beautiful universities in China, I learned my English, essential in both modern life and in our jobs.,people prefer to live in the big cities. An increasing number of people with a wanting of better educati
28、on or trying to develop their personal career prefer badly to live in the big cities because they can provide people with better living conditions including job, housing ,medical attention, nursing and education,Jeff was shocked,Jacken, a man with short black hair and strong build, teaching Englisho
29、ne of the most popular languages in the world was deeply shocked by the news that one of his students is going to get married with a black man born in a rich family, with her expecting to immigrate to Africa,定从的魅力,The girl is a senior student.She is elected as the Campus Beauty in QZU.,定从,The girl,
30、who is elected as the Campus Beauty in ZUST, is a senior student.,She has three girls. -主句who are all working in a hospital. -从1whom Tom invited to the party last night. -从2the youngest one of whom Tom married. -从3,tip1 With,1.With表伴随状态：,练习,一位美女从我身边经过，面带微笑。A beauty passed by, with a smile on her fac
31、e.,练习：他开车发生了事故，造成了至少5人死亡。He had an car accident, with at least five people dead ( with casualty of five people),TIP2：主谓分割,Seattle is a garden city, with one of the most delightful climate in the world,Seattle， with one of the most delightful climate in the world ，is a garden city.,Liu Xiang ,with th
32、e Olympic torch in his hand, is standing on the Tiananmen square,TIP3：主谓分割+倒装,A garden city， with one of the most delightful climate in the world ，is Seattle.,Liu Xiang ,with the Olympic torch in his hand, is standing on the Tiananmen square, On the Tiananmen square, with the Olympic torch in his ha
33、nd, is standing Liu Xiang,TIP4 分词伴随,1.doing2.done用Doing和done做伴随状语的使用区别,doing和done做伴随状语,Seeing my friends yelling and demonstrating, I cant help tearing.Seen stealing in a store, he thought he was going to be caught.,原句 We were touched by the teachers words. We decided to work hard.转换 _by the teachers words, we decided to work hard.,易犯错误,5岁的时候，我爷爷去世了。Being 5 years old, my grandfather passed away.,
