1、Teaching plan for this term,Six lessons: Lesson 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 14 Scores for regular school work (平时成绩)Three compositions (one for group marking)Vocabulary dictationStudents performance in classes Final examShared E-mail: Passwords: 08gaoying Tele. 15863924657,Face to Face with Hurricane Camille,本单
2、元教学特色,介绍叙述文的写作方法和技巧 篇章结构分析，抓住关键点将课文有机地串起来,使学生迅速掌握课文 独特的语言赏析角度，帮助学生把握分析语言的方法,Teaching Aims,To know the writing techniques of a narrative To be acquainted with some literary terms of narration To learn to use words to describe disasters and violence To appreciate the language features To learn to writ
3、e a story about disasters,Teaching Contents,I. Background knowledge II. The literary style III. detailed study of the text IV. Organizational pattern V. language features VI. Questions for group discussion,Natural Disasters,earthquake,flood,drought,hurricane,tornado,typhoon,sandstorm,snowstorm,snows
4、lide,landslide,tsunami,volcanic eruption,Brainstorming,Warming-up Activities,What is your idea about Hurricanes?,How dangerous are they?,Have you ever been in Hurricanes? Or have you ever been confronted with any natural disaster? How do you feel? Exchange your ideas.What do you think you would do f
5、irst if you were confronted with Hurricanes?,Background Knowledge,Hurricane, typhoon, storm Naming of hurricanes and typhoons Hurricane Camille, Betsy,Background Knowledge,1. Hurricane:,A Hurricane is a tropical storm in which winds attain speeds greater than 75 miles per hour (120 km). The term is
6、often restricted to those storms occurring over the North Atlantic Ocean.,Incipient (insipint初期的) hurricanes usually form over the tropical N Atlantic Ocean and mature as they drift westward. Hurricanes also occasionally form off the west coast of Mexico and move northeastward from that area.An aver
7、age of 3. 5 tropical storms per year eventually mature into hurricanes along the east coast of North America, usually over the Caribbean Sea or Gulf of Mexico.,2. Typhoon/cyclone:Similar storms occurring over the West Pacific Ocean and China Seas are called typhoons. Those over the Indian Ocean are
8、called tropical cyclones (旋风).Tornado: a localized and violently destructive windstorm occurring over land characterized by a funnel-shaped cloud extending toward the ground 一般只指开阔”陆地上“形成的”龙卷风“，规模一般比hurricane 小。,A storm is named when it reaches tropical storm strength with winds of 39 mph, and becom
9、es a hurricane or typhoon when its wind speed reaches 75 mph.,75 m.p.h.,storm,39 m.p.h,Hurricane/typhoon,The National Weather Service of the United States has used girls names to identify hurricanes in the Atlantic, Caribbean, and Gulf of Mexico since 1953 and the names were given in alphabetical or
10、der.,3. How are Hurricanes Named?,Each name on the list starts with a different letter, for example, the name of the very first hurricane of the season starts with the letter A, the next starts with the letter B, and so on. The letters “Q“, “U“, “X“, “Y“ and “Z“, however, are not used.,How are Hurri
11、canes Named?,A semi-permanent list of 10 sets of names in alphabetical order was established in 1971. This practice of giving girls names to hurricanes changed recently.In 1980 a hurricane was given a mans name and was called Hurricane David.,How are Hurricanes Named?,They also began using French an
12、d Spanish male and female names at this time. Hurricane season usually starts on June 1 and ends on Nov. 30.,How are Hurricanes Named?,Often when an unusually destructive hurricane hits, that hurricanes name is retired and never used again. Since 1954, forty names have been retired. In 1996 Hurrican
13、e Luis was retired.,How are Hurricanes Named?,Hurricane names are chosen from a list selected by the World Meteorological(气象的）Organization. There is actually one list for each of six years. In other words, one list is repeated every seventh year.,How are Hurricanes Named?,4. How are typhoons named?,
14、Typhoons are tropical storms that form over the Pacific Ocean north of the equator. Hurricanes are given girls names and typhoons are usually given serial numbers.,Each of the 14 nations that typhoons affect submitted a list of names for a total of 141 names. The names include animals, flowers, astr
15、ological（星相学的）signs and a few personal names. Chinese names of typhoons consist of longwang, yutu, fengshen, dujuan, haima, wukong, haiyan, haishen, dianmu, haitang,( 龙王，玉兔，风神，杜鹃，海马，悟空，海燕，海神，电母， 海棠）,5. Hurricane Camille,Hurricane Camille is the storm lashing (striking, attacking) Mississippi and Lou
16、isiana for two days, Aug. 17-18, in 1969.,Hurricane Camille is said to be the worst storm ever to hit mainland United States. With winds in excess of 200 mph and tides over 20 feet, Hurricane Camille smashed into the Mississippi Gulf Coast on Sunday night, the 17th of August and continued its devast
17、ating path until the early hours of Monday, the 18th. The combination of winds, surges, and rainfalls caused 256 deaths (143 on the Gulf Coast and 113 in the Virginia floods) and $1.421 billion in damage. Three death were reported in Cuba.,Hurricane Betsy is the storm lashing Florida, Mississippi an
18、d Louisiana in 1965 from Sept. 7-10, causing the death of 74 persons.,Hurricane Betsy,The literary style,1. Type of literature: A piece of _. Simply defined, narration is the telling of a story. A piece of narration is mainly developed in the actual _ sequence. The writer tells the readers what happ
19、ens first and what next.,time,narration,The literary terms,narration - story tellingextended narration -novelshistoriesbiographiesautobiographiestravelogues,Literary terms of narration:Protagonist (主角)- leading character Antagonist (反面主角)- the people or forces protagonists fight against Suspense (悬念
20、) - the state of uncertainty Interposition (插入) - the passage which is put between the action The purpose is to add more informationto create suspense,Flashback (倒叙，闪回) -interruption of chronological sequence by interjection of events of earlier occurrence Climax (高潮) - the most exciting, important
21、interesting part on the story Denouement deinu:m (小说或戏剧的结局) - the ending of a story,A good story has a beginning, a middle and an end, even though it may start in the middle or at some other point in the action and move backward to the earlier happenings.Organization: -begining-development -climax -
22、end,The essentials of narration:1) _ (time & place)2) _3) _,Setting,Characters,Plot, time place character (protagonist/antagonist) action (incidents, events, etc.) conflicts (suspense, tension) climax denouement,The essentials of narration:,Narration revolves around people, called characters, in som
23、e kind of struggle or conflict against other people, nature, society or themselves. Narration is concerned with action(情节), with life in motion, with a meaningful series of actions.,The actions, that is, incidents and events are generally presented in order of their occurrence, following the natural
24、 time sequence of the happenings (Chronological order). But it can also start in the middle or at some other point in the action and move backward to the earlier happenings. This is called flashback.,In the story the leading character is called the hero or protagonist and the people or forces he fig
25、hts against is called the antagonist or the enemy. As the conflict develops, suspense and tension increase until the highest point or the climax of the struggle is reached.,After the climax, the story quickly moves to a conclusion, which is sometimes called a denouement. Action (plot) usually domina
26、tes narration; however, some narratives focus on character, theme (the idea behind the story), or atmosphere (the mood or tone).,3. Organization ( discussion) ：,How many parts does the article fall into? Analyze the structure.,Organization Part I (paras. _) Introduction - _ Part II (paras. _) develo
27、pment & climax - struggle against hurricaneclimax (Para 27) Part III (paras. _) conclusion - the scene and relief work after the storm,1- 6,setting of the story,7 27,28-39,Introductory (Para.1 6) - time - place - background - conflict: man versus hurricanes - main character: John Koshak Jr.,Organiza
28、tion of the Text,The writer builds up and sustains the suspense in the story and gives logical movement to the sequence of happenings by describing the incidents in detail and vividly, showing how the Koshaks and their friends struggled against each onslaught (attack) of the hurricane.,Development (
29、Para.7 27),Organization of the Text,The writer describes these actions in the order of their occurrence. This natural time sequence or chronological order holds the story together. The storm reaches its climax in Paragraph 27 and from there on the story moves rapidly to its conclusion. The family su
30、rvived the storm.,Organization of the Text,In the last Para the writer states his theme behind his story in the reflection of Grandmother Koshak:“We lost practically all our possessions, but the family came through it. When I think of that, I realize we lost nothing important.”,Organization of the T
31、ext,4. Theme _are more important than_.,Human lives,material possessions,Theme Man vs. nature,Part I Setting of the story,Detailed Study of the text,What are the first 6 paras. mainly about?Whats the meaning of “face to face”? What do you think of the wording of the title? What was John Koshak Jr. s
32、 job? What are the reasons for Johns decision of staying instead of fleeing? What preparations did they make?,Paras. 1- 6,What are the first 6 paras. mainly about?timeplacecharactersconflict: man versus naturesuspense: the coming of a violent hurricane,Discussion on the title:,face to face (with): c
33、onfronting each other The confrontation is generally connected with something dangerous, difficult or hard to resolve. Connoting a sense of _ E.g. face to face with the enemy, the tiger, the problem, etc. The heading presents the article as _ and as _ as possible to attract the attention of would-be
34、 readers.,urgency and danger,vividly,forcefully,Para.1,Does para. 1 have a topic sentence? How is the para. developed? Whats the function of the last sentence?,Jr.,Jr. is the _ of “junior”. This term is generally used in the United States and is put after the name of a _ to indicate he has the same
35、first name as his father. The term Sr. (senior) is sometimes put after the name of the father. This is done only with mens names.,abbreviation,son,If the name continues into the third generation, Roman numerals (I., II., III., etc.) are used. This happens mainly among big, rich, upper class families
36、. e.g., John Rockefeller I, John Rockefeller II, and John Rockefeller III.,Warnings had sounded:,- Radio and television had broadcast warnings about the hurricane. The National Weather Service of the United States broadcast warnings of potential hurricanes. August 17: Hurricane Camille devastated (d
37、estroy) the area for two days August l7, l8.,Gulf of Mexico: Most hurricanes in this area are formed over the Caribbean Sea and they move over the Gulf of Mexico to strike the gulf states of the US-Florida, Mississippi, Louisiana, etc.,lash - to strike with great force; to move violently or suddenly
38、 e.g. The waves lashed the rocks.The rain was lashing against the windows.,pummelpml : to beat suddenly; to attack vigorously; or to hit with repeated blows,It was certain.the Koshaks lived:,-The Koshaks will have to put up with many onslaughts of the fierce storm.,Gulfport: seaport in Miss. Miss.:
39、abbreviation for Mississippi,the Koshaks: When an “s“ is added to a surname and used with the definite article “the“, the term, then, stands for the whole family. e. g. the Koshaks: the Koshak family, all the Koshaks in the family the Browns: the Brown family,Fled inland to safer ground: - Ran away
40、from the coast to the interior of the country where they would be safer.,safer ground: The hurricane loses force as it blows inland and people away from the coast are safe from tidal waves caused by the hurricane.,coastal communities: people living together in towns, cities, villages, along the coas
41、t,aged 3 to 11: The youngest child was three years old and the eldest 11 years old. The other five were older than 3 and younger than 11. ( How many people are there in the big family?),endanger: pose a threat to; present a danger to A war endangers millions of lives. 战争危及无数人的生命。 His health is endan
42、gered by overwork. 他的健康因劳累过度而受到损害。,Para.1: Summary,Topic sentence: John Koshak Jr. knew that Hurricane Camille would be bad.,How is the paragraph developed?-The topic is supported by facts or reasons showing how John Koshak Jr. knew that Hurricane Camille would be bad.What are the facts?- radio and
43、TV warnings; a lot of coastal people fled inland,The function of the last sentence:,serving as a transitionLeading to the next point: Why the decision was made - not to abandon his home. Introducing the other characters,who are together with the Koshaks: Johns parents and Charles Hill John Koshaks p
44、arents left California and came to Gulfport to live with their son. In capitalist countries especially in the U. S., children, when they grow up and start working, generally live away from their parents. (cultural difference),Las Vegas city is the seat of Clark County in South Nevada.In 1970 it had
45、a population of 125,787. Its nightclubs and casinos (娱乐场) are world famous. Revenue (收入) from hotels, gambling, entertainment and other tourist-oriented industries forms the backbone of its economy.,Las Vegas,Para. 3-4,What is this para. mainly about?,John, 37: elliptical sentence - John, who was 37
46、 years old,Whose business was right there in his home: - His business office, workshop, etc. were all in his home.right : exactly,all of Magna Products. on the first floor: Magna Products: name of the company owned and run by John Koshak Jr.correspondence: lettersengineering drawings: diagrams and s
47、ketches for machines,art work: designs, models, pictures for the various toys first floor: in U. S., the ground floor;in Europe and Great Britain, the floor above this,Hurricane Betsy - the storm lashing Florida, Mississippi and Louisiana in 1965 from Sept. 7-10, causing the death of 74 personsdemol
48、ish: destroy; ruin; pull down; tear down; smash to pieces,Demolish/ destroy/raze/annihilate,annihilatenaileit v. kill in large numbers,Koshak had moved his family to a motel:motel: a hotel specially built for travelling motorists, made up of separate rooms or small houses, each with space for a cara
49、 blend (合成词), formed by combining parts of mo (torist) + (ho) tel (initial of one and end of the other),Blends motel (motor+hotel) 汽车旅馆 boatel (boat+hotel) 气艇游船旅馆 brunch (breakfast + lunch)早餐午餐并一顿吃 chunnel (channel + tunnel) 运河地下道 slurb (slum + suburbs) 市郊贫民区 talkthon ( talk + marathon) 冗长的演说 sitcom (situation + comedy ) 情景喜剧,
