1、2012 高考英语阅读理解、完形填空九大技巧及强化训练1.先通读，后细读阅读一篇文章，最好采用先通读、再细读的策略。首先要快速浏览全文，这一点非常重要。因为一篇文章是一个整体，是围绕一个中心思想组织的。如果我们了解了文章大体讲的是什么，有了整个篇章的结构模式，就有利于我们理顺句子或段落间的关系，准确地把握文章的主旨，同时也有利于我们在解题过程中有重点地细读部分内容。一篇文章无论长短，要做到一口气读下来。对于生词，只要不妨碍我们理解主要内容，可暂时放下不管。如果我们读读停停，左顾右盼，往往会把文章完整的体系读破了，有碍于对文章整体的理解。在掌握了文章的大体内容后，我们再根据需要解答的问题逐句细读
2、，认真分析词义及句子结构，从而更准确地把握文章的具体内容。Passage A阅读理解An old friend from California called from the airport to tell me that he had arrived. I was not able to leave the office, but I had made plans for his arrival. After explaining (解释) where my new house was, I told him that I had left the key under the doormat
3、 (门垫). Since I knew it would be pretty late before I could get home, I suggested that he make himself at home and help himself to anything that was in the refrigerator(电冰箱).Two hours later my friend phoned me from the house. At the moment, he said, he was listening to some of my records after having
4、 had a delicious meal. Now, he said, he was drinking a glass of orange juice. When I asked him if he had had any difficulty finding the house, he answered that the only problem was that he had not been able to find the key under the doormat, but luckily, the living room window by the apple tree had
5、been left open and he had climbed in through the window. I listened to all this in great surprise. There is no apple tree outside my window, but there is one by the living room window of my nextdoor neighbors house!根据文章内容，选择正确答案：1. An old friend of mine called _.A. to tell me to meet him at the airp
6、ort B. to tell me about his arrival C. to ask me to leave the office D. to ask me to make plans for his arrival2. My friend climbed into the room because _ .A. there was an apple tree outside B. the living room window was left openC. he had difficulty opening the door D. he hadnt found the key3. My
7、friend telephoned me two hours later _ .A. from my homeB. at the airportC. in his officeD. from my neighbors house难句注释 I suggested that he make himself at home and help himself to anything that was in the refrigerator.我建议他不要客气，随意吃冰箱里的东西。Total words:211 Reading time: _Reading speed: _ I listened to a
8、ll this in great surprise. 我很吃惊地听着这一切。in surprise 意为“ 吃惊地” 。 Passage B阅读理解If you know me well, you know I dont like birthday parties. At least, I dont like birthday parties given for me. I enjoy them when theyre for other people, but when theyre for me, I just dont like them.I remember one birthday
9、party some friends of mine had for me when I was a student at the university. Of course, I had told my best friend Henry that I didnt want a party and I made him promise he wouldnt do anything. He agreed. I should have known better than to believe him.On the day of my birthday, we got home from scho
10、ol at about, oh, I dont know, three or half past three. We went inside and as usual I went into the bathroom and started to close the door when suddenly from behind the shower curtain (浴帘), a kind of strange female(女) voice started singing, “Happy birthday to you, happy birthday to you.”And then fro
11、m all over the room, people joined in. There were about fifteen people hiding everywhere in the room.They had got my roommates key and got in earlier. They had all planned to come out of the hiding place just at the same time while singing. I guess I really upset their plans by going in just to wash
12、 my hands.根据文章内容，选择正确答案：1. Which of the following sentences is NOT true?A. I got home from school at 3 or 3:30 on the day of my birthday.B. I dislike birthday parties held for me.C. Henry agreed that he would not do anything on my birthday.D. I knew there were some of my friends hiding in my room.2.
13、 I usually went into the _ when I got home from school.A. living roomB. bedroomC. bathroomD. dining room 3. What did my friends plan to do?A. They planned to leave the room as soon as possible.B. They planned to sing as loudly as they could.C. They planned to eat in the bathroom.D. They had planned
14、to come out of hiding places together.难句注释 At least, I dont like birthday parties given for me. 至少我不喜欢为我开的生日晚会。Total words:223Reading time: _Reading speed: _ I should have known better than to believe him. 我本应知道他要做什么而不该相信他的。should have known 是虚拟语气，意为“本应知道而未知”。 I really upset their plans by going in.
15、我进去只是洗一下手，却真的打乱了他们的计划。by doing sth.通过做某事的方式。Passage C阅读理解In choosing a friend, one should be very careful. A good friend can help you study. You can have fun together and make each other happy. Sometimes you will meet fairweather friends. They will be with you as long as you have money or luck, but
16、when you are down, they will run away. How do I know when I have found a good friend? I look for certain qualities (品质) of character, especially understanding, honesty and reliability (可靠 ).Above all else, I look for understanding in a friend. A good friend tries to understand how another person is
17、feeling. He is not quick to judge. Instead, he tries to learn from others. He puts himself in the other persons place, and he tries to think of ways to be helpful. He is also a good listener.At the same time, however, a good friend is honest. He does not look for faults (过错) in others. He notices th
18、eir good points. In short, a friend will try to understand me and accept me.Another quality of a friend is reliability. I can always depend on (信赖) a good friend. If he tells me he will meet me somewhere at a certain time, I can be sure that he will be there. If I need a favor, he will do his best t
19、o help me. If I am in trouble, he will not run away from me.There is a fourth quality that makes a friend special. A special friend is someone with whom we can have fun. We should enjoy our lives, and we would enjoy our friendship. That is why I especially like friends who are fun to be with. A good
20、 friend likes the same things I like. We share experience (经验 ) and learn from each other. A good friend has a good sense of humor (幽默), too. He likes to laugh with me. That is how we share in the joy of being friends. And I know that he is looking for the same quality in me.When I meet someone who
21、is reliable, honest, and understanding, I know Ive found a friend!根据文章内容，选择正确答案：1. Which of the following qualities the writer thinks is the most important in choosing a friend?A. understanding.B. honesty. C. reliability.D. a sense of humor.2. If you have fair weather friends, _ .A. they will give y
22、ou all that they have when you need helpB. you will be refused when you get into troubleC. you will become richD. you can be sure that you get real friends3. Good friends need to _.A. always point out each others mistakesB. be helped with moneyC. understand each others feelingsD. have money or luck4
23、. This passage mainly discuss _ .A. the qualities of a friendB. where to choose friendsC. how to get along with friendsD. the importance of having a friend难句注释 Sometimes you will meet fair weather friends. 有时你会遇到不能与你共患难的朋友。In short, a friend will try to understand meTotal words:362Reading time: _Rea
24、ding speed: _and accept me. 总之，一个朋友会尽量理解我、接受我。in short 意为“简而言之 ”。A special friend is someone with whom we can have fun. 一个特殊的朋友是和我们在一起共快乐的人。with whom we can have fun 是定语从句，修饰 someone。定语从句及连词答题秘诀二as 与 which 均可替代整个主句在非限制性定语从句中，均可替代整个主句. 如从句在主句之后，两者皆可用；如从句在主句之前，用 as。 介词/逗号后, 永远不用 that!They failed in th
25、e exam， as/which is natural.As is known to all，the earth moves around the sun.He passed the College Entrance Examination, made his parents very happy.A. as B. which C. that D. it关系代词 as 的考查。关系代词 as 引导限制性定语从句时既可指人又可指物。它只能替代由 such，the same 等修饰的先行词；as 引导非限制性定语从句时，可放于句首，句中或置于句尾，而 which 则只能置于主句之后。但如果定语从句
26、为否定句或表示否定意义，使用 which。As 引导的定性定语从句有“正如“ 之意，而 which 引导的没有。2010 全国As a child , Jack studied in a village school ,_ is named after his grandfather. A. which B. where C. what D. that空格设置在名词 school 后, 且 school 后有逗号, 此题考查非限定性定语从句。定语从句所修饰的先行词是 school, 它在定于从句中做主语, 因此使用关系代词, 选项中的关系代词只有 which 和 that, 由于是非限定性定语
27、从句, 不能使用 that, 因此选择 A。2010 四川After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, turned out to be a wise decision. A. that B. which C. when D. where此处应为 which 引导的非限制性定语从句, which 代替前边整个句子。句意为： “大学毕业后, 我们休假一段时间去旅游, 这结果证明是一个明智的决定。 ”2009 山东Whenever I met her, _ was fairly often, she gr
28、eeted me with a sweet smile. A. who B. which C. when D. that 不论何时遇见她, 她总是用甜美的微笑和我打招呼,这是非常经常的事。考查非限制性定语从句, 从句_ was fairly often 插在主句中的时间状语从句后, 关系代词 which 可代替主句整个句子的意思并在从句中作主语。答案 B。2009 辽宁Theyve won their last three matches, _I find a bit surprising A. that B. when C. what D. which 此处意思是 “他们赢得了最后的三场比赛
29、, 我觉得这确实有点让人意外”, which 代替上句 “Theyve won their last three matches”做 find 的宾语, 选 D。A 项不能用于非限制性定语从句中, B, C 此处没有他们的意思。状语从句及连词While 是解!常接持续性的动词，强调主从句谓语动作同时发生，常用 进行时 。有时还有对比意义，意为“然而” 。主句从句主语不同,表示“而” I do every single bit of housework _ my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then.A. since B. while C.
30、when D. asWhile 置于句首可表示 As long as 或 AlthoughWhile there is life there is hope.While I admit his good points, I can see his bad ones.（2008 湖南)_ the Internet is of great help, I dont think its a good idea to spend too much time on it. A. If B. While C. Because D. As2011 四川卷 volleyball is her main foc
31、us, shes also great at basketball.A. Since B. Once C. Unless D. While虽然排球是她的主要项目，但她还擅长篮球。while“虽然，尽管” 。答案 D。2010 全国Mary made coffee _ her guests were finishing their meal .A. so that B. although C. while D. as ifso that 译为 “以便 ”表示目的, although 译为 “尽管, 虽然”, as if 译为 “好像”, while 译为 “当.的时候”, 因此 while 符合
32、句意 , 选择 C。2009 安徽I wonder how much you charge for your services.The first two are free the third costs $30.A. while B. until C. when D. beforewhile 表转折 “而, 然而” 。根据句子意思 , 前两份免费, 而第三份要$30。2006 全国We thought there were 35 students in the dining hall, , in fact, there were 40.A.while B.whether C.what D.w
33、hich此题考查连词的用法。while 在此表示转折, 意为 “但是, 而”。2006 天津The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, the quality of life is probably one of the highest.A.since B.when C.as D.while根据句中 among the lowest in Britain 和 probably one of the highest 可知前后的意义存在对比；while 用作连词, 可用于表示对比或相反的情况, “而；但是”。名词性从句
34、区别什么从句应看主句，主句不完整时从句肯定是名词性从句。主句完整时，从句可能是定语从句，状语从句，或者同位语从句。需要用什么引导词看从句。名词性从句中缺什么意思用什么意思的引导词; 缺名词性成份时，指人用 who/whom，指物用 what; 不缺意思和成份时用 that。That 只有在宾语从句中可以省略。缺成分时,what 和 whatever 是第一高频答案!引导主、宾、表语从句时，what 要充当主语、宾语或表语等句子成分，that 不作任何成分，只在语法上起连接的作用。_ we cant get seems better than _ we have.A. What; what B.
35、 what; that C. That; that D. That; what本句包含一个主语从句和一个宾语从句，且两个从句都缺乏宾语，可见两个引导词都必须充当成分，所以答案是 A。_ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.A. What B. That C. How D. Where该题答案是 A，what 在主语从句中作主语，即作谓语动词 caused 的执行者。在下面的例句中，that 不充当任何成份，只起语法连接作用（因为句子本身不缺成分）：That the former Iraq president Saddam was ca
36、ptured has been proved.2011 江西卷The villagers have already known well do is to rebuild the bridge.Athis Bthat Cwhat Dwhich考察宾语从句和主语从句。村民们已经知道我们将要做的事情是重建这座桥，后面的宾语从句的主语从句中缺少主语且指物，所以选择 what。答案：C2011 四川卷Our teachers always tell us to believe in we do and who we are if we want to succeed.A. why B. how C.
37、what D. whichin 介词后面接宾语从句，且从句中缺 do 的宾语，故选 C 项。why 、how 在句中作状语；which 在名词性从句中作定语。选 C.2011 陕西卷Id like to start my own business thats Id do if I had the money. A.why B.when C.which D.what所填词引导的从句位于系动词之后，是表语从句，所填词在从句中做宾语，指物，用what，选 D。其余选项与题意不符。2011 北京卷 Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happ
38、iness.A. Which B. What C. That D. Whom考察名词性从句中的主语从句。主语从句中缺少 offer 的宾语，选择 what。冠词和某些抽象名词连用，使其具体化,一般以 What 和 It 做主语!抽象名词前加 aan 表具体的人或物。抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词，如 Failure is the mother of success. success(抽象名词 ) a success(具体化) 成功的人或事a failure 失败的人或事 a shame 带来耻辱的人或事a pity 可惜或遗憾的事 a must 必需必备的东西 2011 山东卷Take
39、your time its just_short distance from here to_restaurant.A.不填；the B. a; the C. the; a D.不填；a句意为“别急从这儿到餐馆只不过短短的距离而已。 ”a short distance 短距离，是固定搭配的短语；the restaurant 指双方都知道的餐馆，故用 the 特指。答案：B2011 浙江卷 Experts think that _recently discovered painting may be _ Picsso. A.the ;不填 B. a ;the C. a ; 不填 D. the;
40、a句意为“专家认为，最近发现的油画可能是毕加索的作品。 ”the painting 特指最近发现的油画；a Picsso 意为 a Picssos painting，指毕加索的一件作品，有 one 的含义。答案：D2010 福建Its good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them pleasure.A. 不填, a B. a, 不填 C. the, a D. a, thegood feeling 并非特指, 故用 a；pleasure 是抽象名词, 无需冠词。句意为 “人们喜欢上海世博会给它们
41、的快乐, 这是（一）种不错的感觉 ” a good feeling , 一种不错的感觉, give sb pleasure。答案Baan 与专有名词连用表示“一个叫什么的人”“一个像什么的人”“的作品制品”或表示不确定，如 a Sunday,a Monday 等。 (2006 全国卷) Hello， could I speak to Mr Smith? Sorry,wrong number, There isnt_ Mr Smith here A不填 Ba Cthe Done 题意为：这儿没有一个叫史密斯的。史密斯是姓氏，史密斯先生很多，aMr Smith 表示其中一位。 【答案】B(2005
42、 山东卷)I knew_John Lennon，but not_famous one A不填;a Ba ；the C. 不填;the Dthe；a 题意为：我原先认识一个叫约翰列农的人，不是那个著名的约翰列农。据题意可知叫约翰列农的人很多他只是其中一位，故用 a；那位著名的也即是特指的，应用 the。 aan 与专有名词连用表示“一个叫什么的人”“一个像什么的人”“的作品制品”或表示不确定，如 a Sunday,a Monday 等。 (2005 山东卷)I knew_John Lennon，but not_famous one A不填;a Ba ；the C. 不填;the Dthe；a 题
43、意为：我原先认识一个叫约翰列农的人，不是那个著名的约翰列农。据题意可知叫约翰列农的人很多他只是其中一位，故用 a；那位著名的也即是特指的，应用 the。 (2005 湖南卷)I cant remember when exactly the Robinsons left_cityI only remember it was_Monday Athe，the Ba ，the Ca，a Dthe，a 题意为：我记不清罗宾逊一家人何时离开这坐城市了。我只记得是星期一。第一空用the 表示双方都明白的人或物；第二空用 a 表示不确定的某个周一。 【答案】D2010 江苏The visitors here
44、are greatly impressed by the fact that_ people from all walks of life are working hard for_ new Jiangsu.A.不填； a B. 不填；the C. the； a D. the； the第一空,来自社会各阶层的人. 是不特指,不用冠词. 第二空, 在 Jiangsu 前有形容词 new 因此,应加冠词 a.表示一个全新的江苏.答案A.具有动词意义的名词前用 aan 其意义相当于动词，如 take a look=look(2007 四川卷)How about taking_short break?
45、I want to make_call Athe；a Ba;the Cthe;the Da；a 稍稍休息如何?我想打个电话。break 相当于 rest，make a call 相当于 call 【答案】D(2007 天津卷)I wanted to catch_early train,but couldt get_ride to the station Aan；the B；the C an； Dthe ；a 题意为：我想赶早班车但没能找到到车站去的车。第一空用 the 表示双方都明白的人或物；第二空用 a，get a ride=ride 【答案】D (2007 浙江卷)I like_color
46、 of your skirtIt is_ _good match for your blouse A. a;the Ba；a C.the ； a Dthe;the 我喜欢你的衬衫的颜色,与你的短裙极相配。a good match 相当于 match well. 答案 C2010 四川In most countries, a university degree can give you flying start in life.A. the; a B. the; 不填 C.不填; 不填 D.不填; amost countries 此处表泛指, most 前不加定冠词 the.第二个空处应为 “一
47、个高起点的开始”, 故用 a ,正确答案为 D。It：作形式主语和形式宾语当动词不定式,动名词或从句作主语时,通常把它们放在谓语之后,而用 it作句子的形式主语:It is not easy to finish the work in two days.It is no use crying over split milk.It is a pity that you didnt read the book当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式,动名词,宾语从句时,往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面,而用 it 作形式宾语,放在宾语补足语之前:I think it no use arguing with him.I found it very interesting to study English.He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject.注意：see to it that（务必）和 take it for granted that（想当然）句型中的 it，以及词组 make it 中的 it（做事成功，搞定） 。2011 北京卷The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks
