1、八年级英语泛读专项训练 导学案夏庄中学 韩享凤. Learning aims:1. 了解阅读考察方式和题型，有的放矢。2. 通过阅读训练，掌握英语阅读中事实细节题、主旨大意题、推理判断题、猜测词义题等题型的阅读技巧和方法。3. 通过阅读不同题材拓展视野，培养良好的思维习惯。. Learning Procedures.Step 1 学习 4 种阅读题型及答题技巧1. 4 类题型：2. 结合具体例题，解析答题技巧（10 分钟）Can dolphins talk? Maybe they cant talk with words, but they talk with sounds. They sho
2、w their feelings with sounds.Dolphins travel in a group. We call a group of fish a “school”. They dont study, but they travel together.Dolphins talk to the other dolphins in the school. They give information. They tell when they are happy or sad or afraid. They say “welcome” when a dolphin comes bac
3、k to the school. They talk when they play.They make a few sounds above water. They make many more sounds under water. People cannot hear these sounds because they are very, very high. Scientists make tapes of the sounds and study them.Sometimes people catch a dolphin for a large aquarium. People can
4、 watch the dolphins in a show. Dolphins dont like to be away from their school in an aquarium. They are sad and lonely（孤独的）.There are many stories about dolphins. They help people. Sometimes they save somebodys life. Dolphin meat is good, but people dont like to kill them. They say that dolphins bri
5、ng good luck. Many people believe this.第 1、2 题为事实细节题: 此类题型以 what、who、which 、when、where、how 或 why 等词引导问题或以填空形式就文中某句、某段或某一具体细节设问并要求考生回答。1. Dolphins show their feelings with _ .A. pictures B. words C. water D. sounds本题考查文中的某句，并且不需要理解本句，直接找到即可，所以我们可以使用“跳读”的方法直接从原文中寻找。2. Why cant People hear the dolphins
6、 sounds _ .A. Because they are above the waterB. Because they are under the waterC. Because they are very highD. Because they are very low本题考查以 what、who、which 、when、where、how 或 why 等词引导问题中的一种，既然用 Why 提问，我们首先可以找寻以 because 描述的句子，直接扫读文章找出该句加以理解即可。第 3 题为猜测词义题：此类题型主要把握一些单词的构词法以及根据文中上下文的提示猜测词义。3. The unde
7、rlined words “aquarium” means_.A.鱼缸 B.水族馆 C. 马戏团 D. 利润本题要猜测“aquarium”的汉意需要把握第五段中“Sometimes people catch a dolphin for a large aquarium. People can watch the dolphins in a show.”两句话，尤其是“watch the dolphins in a show”，因此我们可以跳读找到这两句加以精确理解。第 4 题为推理判断题: 此类题目既要求透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思，又要求对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理
8、判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点。4. Which one is TRUE according to the passage?A. Dolphins swim together in a school because they want to studyB. They dont study, but they travel in a groupC. Dolphins like to be away from their school in the aquarium.D. people like to kill dolphins.本类题目需要我们将四个选项都加以理解，所以我
9、们需要精确找到每一个选项所在的段落，将选项表达的意思与文中段落所要表达的意思相对比，及时通过对比找到了这个选项，也应分析其余三项的错误之处。相对而言，属于英语中“精读”的范畴。第 5 题为主旨大意题: 此类题型用以考查学生对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解。特别注意每段文章的首尾句。5. The story is mainly about_.A. dolphins can talk with sounds B. dolphins travel in a group C. the dolphins in the aquarium D. the introduction of the dolphin
10、s 本类题目需要我们通读全文,把握整篇文章的主旨大意，概括各个段落所要表达的涵义，然后将其综合。Step 2 加强训练（5 分钟）Lots of people in the world eat fast foodWhenever you go into a fast food restaurant，you can see lots of people enjoying their meals thereBut do you know in which country people like fast food best?The English people like the fast food
11、 best，while the French are the least interested in quick meals， according to survey(调查) done last yearThe survey of thirteen countries shows 45% of the English people say they cant give up fast food because its deliciousAnd 44% of Americans and 37% of Canadians say the sameThe French，proud of their
12、delicious and high-class cuisine，dont like fast food81% of them think it is unhealthy， followed by 75% of the JapaneseHow about the Chinese? How often do you have hamburgers or fried chicken? It doesnt matter whether you like Western fast food or Chinese foodThe most important things is to keep a ba
13、lanced diet根据短文内容，回答问题。( ) 1From the survey we know _ like fast food bestAthe English Bthe French Cthe Japanese Dthe Chinese( ) 2According to the survey，some people cant give up fast food because _Aits cheap Bits delicious Cits safe Dits healthy( ) 3The word “cuisine“ in the passage means _Afood Bho
14、use Cwater Dcountry( ) 4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. The survey shows 45% of Americans likes fast foodB. Canadians say they can give up fast food.C. Most Japanese think fast food is healthyD. Its the most important to keep a balanced diet.( ) 5The survey is about _AWe
15、stern countries Bfast food Crestaurants in the world DChinese foodStep 3 如何做好任务型阅读。（10 分钟）Ayumi lived with her mother when she was a kidShe couldnt remember her father because he left the family when the girl was five and never came backAyumis mother gave her much freedom to do whatever she liked，be
16、cause the mother was always at workAyumi was a model when she was youngAfter graduating from junior high school，she left home to take entrance exams to an art school in Tokyo with her friends，but to her surprise， she was the only one that failedAfter that，when someone offered her a chance to be a (a
17、)_ ，Ayumi refused，(b) 因为她认为自己不擅长唱歌。But later ，she changed her mind she couldnt find any other jobs Her first song came out in 1998 and soon attracted attentionHer first albums(唱片) A Song for came out in 1999 and quickly sold over one million copies Each of her albums has sold very well since thenShe
18、 has become “the Queen of Pop“ in Japan根据短文内容, 回答下列问题。1.从文章中找出与下文意义相近的句子Everyone succeeded except her._2. 根据文章内容，将（a）处补充完整（only one word ）_3. 把文章(b)处的划线句子根据上下文翻译成汉语。_4. Why did Ayumis mother give her much freedom?_5. 给文章拟一个恰当的标题_Step 4 任务型阅读练习（7 分钟）Dear friends, do you know Bear Bruno? Im sure youll
19、 fall in love with him as soon as you see him. He is the cutest bear in the world and he is always happy and really enjoys life. He also loves being cuddled (拥抱), talking , going out with his friends and travelling.Brunos favourite hobby is (a) _. He loves to travel everywhere and his dream is to vi
20、sit as many foreign countries as possible. (b)Unfortunately, travelling is quite an expensive hobby and it takes a lot of time. As Bruno is busy all the time, some of his travelling still has to wait. But he is constantly(一直) planning. Next year he will go to India, Japan and Thailand. This year, he
21、 has already been to London, Bangkok and a few other cities. Because he is already in a far-away foreign country now, he has to plan trips to cities in his own country later this year. But this doesnt matter too much to him because he loves to travel in his own country as well.1.从文章中找出与下文意义相近的句子Howe
22、ver, he is making plans all the time._3. 根据文章内容，将（a）处补充完整（only one word ）_3. 把文章(b)处的划线句子根据上下文翻译成英语。_4. Why do people fall in love with Bear Bruno as soon as they see him?_5. 给文章拟一个恰当的标题_Step 5 小结：What you have learnt?III 【家庭作业】根据今天所学内容完成下面的阅读理解。每题 2 分，请给自己计分_A 篇 Computers are useful machinesThey ca
23、n help people a 1ot in their everyday lifeFor example，they can help people save much time， and they can help people work out many problems they cant do easilyOur country asks everyone to learn to use computers except the old peopleToday more and more families own computersParents buy computers for t
24、heir childrenThey hope computers can help them improve(提高)their studies in schoo1But many of the children use computers to play games，to watch video or to sing Karaoke instead of studyingSo many teachers and parents complain that computers can not help children to study but make them fall behindSo c
25、omputers are locked by parents in the boxesIn some other countries，even some scientists hate computersThey say computers let millions of people lost their jobs or bring them a lot of troubleWill computers really bring trouble to people or can they bring people happiness? It will be decided by people
26、 themselves1. Why do we say the computer is a useful machine? Because Aour country asks us to learn it Bit can help us a lotC we can use it to play games Dit can help us to find jobs2. What do many teachers and parents complain about?ATheir students and children use computers to play gamesB Computer
27、s let them lost their jobsC Computers make the students and children fall behindDComputers bring people a lot of trouble3. In this passage we know computers _Aalso bring us trouble Bbring us happiness onlyC are hated by people Dare bad for people health4. What does the underlined word “complain” mean?A抱怨 B赞赏 C考虑 D解释5. How do you understand the last sentence of this passage? AComputers are used by peopleB People can live well without computersC One must decide how to use computersDComputers are strange machines
