1、MIPS 论文：MIPS 体系下的 Linux 移植研究与实现【中文摘要】计算机网络的高速发展导致对路由器软件和硬件的要求越来越高。MIPS (microprocessor without interlocked pipeline stages)作为一种 CPU 体系架构从初始设计就着眼于高性能商业计算领域,特别适合用在路由器、宽带接入、机顶盒等场合。而操作系统 Linux 以其稳定性好,可靠性高,源代码公开,可裁剪,版权免费等优点,越来越受到人们的青睐,成为嵌入式操作系统研究的热点。将 Linux 应用到 MIPS 体系硬件平台中能够充分发挥它们各自的优势,带来巨大的经济效益,也是嵌入式技术
2、的一个发展方向。国内在嵌入式 Linux 系统移植方面的研究主要集中在 ARM 体系平台之上,对于 MIPS 平台下的 Linux 系统移植的研究还比较少。本文以某通信公司的一个预研项目为,深入研究 MIPS 体系结构下 Linux 操作系统移植的方案及其实现问题。本文首先详细分析了 MIPS 体系结构下 Linux 操作系统移植的功能需求,包括硬件需求与软件需求。根据需求分析结果设计系统的软硬件总体方案,然后对整个 MIPS 体系结构下嵌入式 Linux 系统的开发方案进行设计。本文重点研究如何实现 Linux 系统移植到一款其不支持的处理器和开发板,包括移植前的准备工作,例如开发环境的搭建
3、和 Linux 内核目录结构。接着给出了MIPS 体系下的 Bootloader 功能与实现方法。在对 MIPS 平台下Linux 的启动过程进行仔细研究分析的基础上,对 Linux 内核中 MIPS体系内存的初始化进行了设计与实现。结合 MIPS 处理器的异常处理原理,完成了 WinPath3 处理器中断控制和定时器详细设计、编码与实现。然后针对开发板的外围设备以太网卡驱动进行设计与实现,最后确定根文件系统的类型,并对整个移植过程进行了总结。论文最后对 Linux 内核进行配置和编译,实现 nfs 根文件系统,最终搭建完整的系统环境并进行测试,给出测试结果。【英文摘要】With rapid
4、development of computer network the demand of software and hardware on the router becomes more and more. Using as a CPU architecture, MIPS (microprocessor without interlocked pipeline stages) focuses on high-performance business computing from its initial design, particularly suitable for the use in
5、 the router, broadband access, set-top boxes and other applications. For its good stability, high reliability, open source code, can be cut, copyright free, etc. Linux operation system is being used more and more. It has become a hot spot of embedded operating system. Portability of Linux system to
6、the MIPS system hardware platform can give full play to their advantages and bring huge economic benefits. It is also one of the embedded technology development direction.The domestic research on embedded Linux system portability is focused on ARM system platform.while Linux under MIPS platform port
7、ability is still relatively few.In this thesis, taking a preliminary research project of a communications company as the study background, a portability scheme of Linux operating system and its realization problem for MIPS architecture is studied in detail.Firstly, the portability functional require
8、ments of Linux operating system under the MIPS architecture, including hardware requirements and software requirements are analyzed. On the basis of the demand analysis, the overall system solution of hardware and software and the development scheme of portability of embedded Linux system under the
9、MIPS architecture are designed. This thesis focuses on how to port a Linux system to the processor and development board of the router which it does not support, including the preparatory works, such as the development environment and Linux kernel directory structure.Then the function and its implem
10、entation of Bootloader under MIPS architecture is given. Basesd on the carefully analysis of the Linux startup process under MIPS platform, the design and implementation of MIPS system memory initialization in the Linux kernel is performed. Combining the principle of MIPS processors exception handli
11、ng, completed WinPath3 CPU interrupt control and timer detailed design, coding and implementation are performed.Then the design and implementation of the Ethernet card driver which is a peripheral devices of development board is designed and implemented. Finally determine the root file system type i
12、s designd.A summary of the entire portability process is given.Finally the configure and compile of the Linux kernel and nfs root file system are implemented. And then a complete system test environment is builded and the test results are given.【关键词】MIPS Linux 移植 设备驱动【英文关键词】MIPS Linux Portability De
13、vice driver【目录】MIPS 体系下的 Linux 移植研究与实现 摘要 6-7 Abstract 7 第 1 章 绪论 10-13 1.1 课题来源与选题依据 10 1.2 研究现状分析 10-11 1.3 本文的主要工作 11-12 1.4 论文的组织结构 12-13 第 2 章 系统需求分析与总体设计 13-24 2.1 系统需求分析 13-14 2.1.1硬件需求分析 13 2.1.2 操作系统软件需求分析 13-14 2.2 总体方案选择 14-20 2.2.1 系统硬件平台 14-17 2.2.2 MIPS 处理器简介 17-19 2.2.3 嵌入式操作系统选择 19-2
14、0 2.3 总体方案设计 20-23 2.4 本章小结 23-24 第 3 章 MIPS下 Linux 移植的设计与实现 24-60 3.1 开发环境的搭建 24-25 3.2 移植前的准备工作 25-27 3.2.1 Linux 内核版本选择 25-26 3.2.2 Linux 内核目录结构 26-27 3.3 Bootloader 的设计与实现 27-29 3.3.1 MIPS 存储管理 27-28 3.3.2 Bootloader 功能设计 28-29 3.3.3 WDS3 下的Bootloader 设计与实现 29 3.4 Linux 内核移植 29-46 3.4.1 MIPS 体系下
15、 Linux 启动过程 30-33 3.4.2 初始化内存映射的设计与实现 33-35 3.4.3 中断控制设计与实现 35-46 3.4.4 定时器设计与实现 46 3.5 Linux 设备驱动的设计与实现 46-55 3.5.1 WDS3 开发板的以太网卡硬件结构 47-49 3.5.2 以太网卡驱动的设计与实现 49-55 3.6 Linux 移植的外围工作 55-57 3.7 根文件系统选型 57-59 3.8 本章小结 59-60 第 4 章 系统部署与测试 60-75 4.1 Linux 内核配置与编译 60-64 4.2 NFS 根文件系统实现 64-71 4.2.1 NFS 根文件系统制作 64-70 4.2.2 NFS 根文件系统环境搭建 70-71 4.4 系统测试 71-74 4.4.1 Bootloader 测试 71-72 4.4.2 Linux 内核测试 72-73 4.4.3 根文件系统测试 73-74 4.5 本章小结 74-75 总结与展望 75-77 致谢 77-78 参考文献 78-81 在读期间的科研和论文发表情况 81
