1、1http:/owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/10/1/30/2013 5:54:21 PMReference List: Electronic Sources (Web Publications)Summary: APA (American Psychological Association) is most commonly used to cite sources within the social sciences. This resource, revised according to the 6th edition, second p
2、rinting of the APA manual, offers examples for the general format of APA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the reference page. For more information, please consult the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 6th edition, second printing. Contributors:J
3、oshua M. Paiz, Elizabeth Angeli, Jodi Wagner, Elena Lawrick, Kristen Moore, Michael Anderson, Lars Soderlund, Allen Brizee, Russell KeckLast Edited: 2012-12-31 11:47:26Please note: There are no spaces used with brackets in APA. When possible, include the year, month, and date in references. If the m
4、onth and date are not available, use the year of publication. Please note, too, that the OWL still includes information about print sources and databases for those still working with these sources.Article From an Online Periodical 在线电子杂志Online articles follow the same guidelines for printed articles
5、. Include all information the online host makes available, including an issue number in parentheses.公式 Author, A. A., providing the journal home page aids readers in this process.3Author, A. A., the second is from a scholarly journal.) In brackets, write “Review of the book“ and give the title of th
6、e reviewed work. Provide the web address after the words “Retrieved from,“ if the review is freely available to anyone. If the review comes from a subscription service or database, write “Available from“ and provide the information where the review can be purchased.Zacharek, S. (2008, April 27). Nat
7、ural women Review of the book Girls like us. The New York Times. Retrieved from 6http:/ G. (2007). New millennial Joyce Review of the books Twenty-first Joyce, Joyces critics: Transitions in reading and culture, and Joyces messianism: Dante, negative existence, and the messianic self. Modern Fiction
8、 Studies, 50(1), 163-173. Available from Project MUSE Web site: http:/muse.jhu.edu/journals/modern_fiction_studies/toc/mfs52.1.htmlDissertation/Thesis from a DatabaseBiswas, S. (2008). Dopamine D3 receptor: A neuroprotective treatment target in Parkinsons disease. Retrieved from ProQuest Digital Dis
9、sertations. (AAT 3295214)Online Encyclopedias and DictionariesOften encyclopedias and dictionaries do not provide bylines (authors names). When no byline is present, move the entry name to the front of the citation. Provide publication dates if present or specify (n.d.) if no date is present in the
10、entry.Feminism. (n.d.). In Encyclopdia Britannica online. Retrieved from http:/ Bibliographies and Annotated BibliographiesJrgens, R. (2005). HIV/AIDS and HCV in Prisons: A Select Annotated Bibliography. Retrieved from http:/www.hc-sc.gc.ca/ahc-asc/alt_formats/hpb-dgps/pdf/intactiv/hiv-vih-aids-sida
11、-prison-carceral_e.pdfData Sets7Point readers to raw data by providing a Web address (use “Retrieved from“) or a general place that houses data sets on the site (use “Available from“).United States Department of Housing and Urban Development. (2008). Indiana income limits Data file. Retrieved from h
12、ttp:/www.huduser.org/Datasets/IL/IL08/in_fy2008.pdfGraphic Data (e.g. Interactive Maps and Other Graphic Representations of Data)Give the name of the researching organization followed by the date. In brackets, provide a brief explanation of what type of data is there and in what form it appears. Fin
13、ally, provide the project name and retrieval information.Solar Radiation and Climate Experiment. (2007). Graph illustration the SORCE Spectral Plot May 8, 2008. Solar Spectral Data Access from the SIM, SOLSTICE, and XPS Instruments. Retrieved from http:/lasp.colorado.edu/cgi-bin/ion-p?page=input_dat
14、a_for_ spectra.ionQualitative Data and Online InterviewsIf an interview is not retrievable in audio or print form, cite the interview only in the text (not in the reference list) and provide the month, day, and year in the text. If an audio file or transcript is available online, use the following m
15、odel, specifying the medium in brackets (e.g. Interview transcript, Interview audio file):Butler, C. (Interviewer) dont be lazy. If there is a page like http:/ and somepage.htm doesnt have the information youre looking for, move up the URL to http:/ A. A., not all of the following information will b
16、e available. Possible addition identifiers may include Producer, Director, etc.Bell, T., not all of the following information will be available. Possible addition identifiers may include Producer, Director, etc.Scott, D. (Producer). (2007, January 5). The community college classroom Episode 7. Adven
17、tures in Education. Podcast retrieved from http:/For more help with citing electronic sources, please use these links: Documenting Electronic Sources APA style web sites coverage of electronic references APA Frequently Asked Questions http:/owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/09/Reference List:
18、Other Print SourcesSummary: APA (American Psychological Association) is most commonly used to cite sources within the social sciences. This resource, revised according to the 6th edition, second printing of the APA manual, offers examples for the general format of APA research papers, in-text citati
19、ons, endnotes/footnotes, and the reference page. 11For more information, please consult the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 6th edition, second printing. Contributors:Joshua M. Paiz, Elizabeth Angeli, Jodi Wagner, Elena Lawrick, Kristen Moore, Michael Anderson, Lars Sod
20、erlund, Allen Brizee, Russell KeckLast Edited: 2012-08-26 01:56:10An Entry in an EncyclopediaBergmann, P. G. (1993). Relativity. In The New Encyclopedia Britannica. (Vol. 26, pp. 501-508). Chicago, IL: Encyclopedia Britannica.Work Discussed in a Secondary SourceList the source the work was discussed
21、 in:Coltheart, M., Curtis, B., Atkins, P., in the text, name the original work, and give a citation for the secondary source. For example, if Seidenberg and McClellands work is cited in Coltheart et al. and you did not read the original work, list the Coltheart et al. reference in the References. In
22、 the text, use the following citation:In Seidenberg and McClellands study (as cited in Coltheart, Curtis, Atkins, commas separate author names, while the last author name is preceded again by ampersand.Kernis, M. H., Cornell, D. P., Sun, C. R., Berry, A., Harlow, T., commas separate author names. Af
23、ter the sixth authors name, use an ellipses in place of the author names. Then provide the final author name. There should be no more than seven names. 16Miller, F. H., Choi, M. J., Angeli, L. L., Harland, A. A., Stamos, J. A., Thomas, S. T., . . . Rubin, L. H. (2009). Web site usability for the bli
24、nd and low-vision user. Technical Communication, 57, 323-335.Organization as AuthorAmerican Psychological Association. (2003).Unknown AuthorMerriam-Websters collegiate dictionary (10th ed.).(1993). Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster.NOTE: When your essay includes parenthetical citations of sources wit
25、h no author named, use a shortened version of the sources title instead of an authors name. Use quotation marks and italics as appropriate. For example, parenthetical citations of the source above would appear as follows: (Merriam-Websters, 1993).Two or More Works by the Same AuthorUse the authors n
26、ame for all entries and list the entries by the year (earliest comes first).Berndt, T. J. (1981).Berndt, T. J. (1999).When an author appears both as a sole author and, in another citation, as the first author of a group, list the one-author entries first.Berndt, T. J. (1999). Friends influence on st
27、udents adjustment to school. Educational Psychologist, 34, 15-28.Berndt, T. J., publication year goes between parentheses, followed by a period. The title of the article is in sentence-case, meaning only the first word and proper nouns in the title are capitalized. The periodical title is run in tit
28、le case, and is followed by the volume number which, with the title, is also italicized. If a DOI has been assigned to the article that you are using, you should include this after the page numbers for the article. If no DOI has been assigned and you are accessing the periodical online, use the URL
29、of the website from which you are retrieving the periodical. Author, A. A., Author, B. B., therefore, the issue number gets indicated in parentheses after the volume. The parentheses and issue number are not italicized or underlined.Scruton, R. (1996). The eclipse of listening. The New Criterion, 15
30、(3), 5-13.19Article in a MagazineHenry, W. A., III. (1990, April 9). Making the grade in todays schools. Time, 135, 28-31.Article in a NewspaperUnlike other periodicals, p. or pp. precedes page numbers for a newspaper reference in APA style. Single pages take p., e.g., p. B2; multiple pages take pp.
31、, e.g., pp. B2, B4 or pp. C1, C3-C4.Schultz, S. (2005, December 28). Calls made to strengthen state energy policies. The Country Today, pp. 1A, 2A.Note: Because of issues with html coding, the listings below using brackets contain spaces that are not to be used with your listings. Use a space as nor
32、mal before the brackets, but do not include a space following the bracket.Letter to the EditorMoller, G. (2002, August). Ripples versus rumbles Letter to the editor. Scientific American, 287(2), 12.ReviewBaumeister, R. F. (1993). Exposing the self-knowledge myth Review of the book The self-knower: A hero under control, by R. A. Wicklund & M. Eckert. Contemporary Psychology, 38, 466-467.
