1、1. Halfway across the room, a small pistol in his hand, stood a man.2. They do not seem to like one another very much, neither are they too keen on conventional people.3. Down came the “white only” notices in buses, hotels, trains, restaurants, sporting events, rest rooms and on park benches that on
2、ce could be found everywhere throughout the South.4. Quite different is the outcome of successful insurrections like those of July 1830 and February 1848. 5. Splendid is the architecture of Manhattan, the heart of the city, with its hundred and more skyscrapers.6. Especially popular were his Sunday
3、evening dinners, usually followed by musical performances.7. Only in recent years have women begun to catch up with men in this area.8. Worse perhaps was the idea of Saturday afternoon cricket; most of my friends would be enjoying leisure at that time.9. But unpopular as red has been in the past, at
4、 the moment it is a favorite hair dye.10. Only when he has lost his way does he realize that he wasnt careful enough to make sure that he really did understand.11. Only by becoming wealthier can countries correct these conditions.12. Were it left to me to decide whether we should have a government w
5、ithout newspapers or newspapers without government, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter.13. Out of our emotional experience with objects and events comes a social feeling of agreement that certain things and actions are “good” and others are “bad”.14. Among the most promising and mos
6、t thoroughly researched probiotics is the GG strain of Lactobacillus, discovered by Dr. Sherwood Gorbach and biochemist Barry Goldin, both at Tufts University School of Medicine. 15. Only when total production expands faster than the rate of labor force growth plus the rate of productivity increase
7、and minus the rate at which average annual hours fall does the unemployment rate fall.1Halfway across the room, a small pistol in his hand, stood a man.结构全句只有 1 个谓语动词： stood。本句是完全倒装结构，按正常语序应该是：A small pistol in his hand, a man stood halfway across the room. 其中，a small pistol in his hand 是一个独立主格结构，修饰
8、主语 a man.翻译一名男子站在屋子中间，手里拿着一支手枪。2They do not seem to like one another very much, neither are they too keen on conventional people.结构全句有 2 个谓语动词：do 和 are。本句的后半部分是一个主谓倒装的单句，按正常语序应该是：They are neither too keen on conventional people. 注意 neither 指的是“（两个中的）一个都不”。翻译他们看起来不太喜欢彼此。他们也都不怎么喜欢传统的人（普通人） 。3Down came
9、 the “white only” notices in buses, hotels, trains, restaurants, sporting events, rest rooms and on park benches that once could be found everywhere throughout the South.结构全句有 2 个谓语动词：came，could be。其中主句的是：came。按照正常语序句子主干应该是：The “white only” notices came down. Notices 后面的介词短语，作为后置定语修饰 notices。介词短语后面还
10、有一个 that 引导的定语从句修饰 notices。为了避免主语部分过于冗长，因而将主谓倒装。翻译曾经一度在南部的公车上，旅馆里，火车上，饭店里，在体育赛事中，在公共卫生间里，在公园长椅上到处可见的“白人专用”的牌子已经取下。4.Quite different is the outcome of successful insurrections like those of July 1830 and February 1848. 结构全句只有 1 个谓语动词： is。本句是一个完全倒装句，按照正常语序应该是：The outcome of successful insurrections li
11、ke those of July 1830 and February 1848, is quite different.介词短语 like those of作为后置定语修饰 insurrections，其中为了省略而使用 those 代替 the insurrections。翻译像 1830 年 7 月起义和 1848 年 2 月起义这样的成功起义的结果是大不相同的。5.Splendid is the architecture of Manhattan, the heart of the city, with its hundred and more skyscrapers.结构全句只有 1
12、个谓语动词： is。本句是一个完全倒装句。按照正常语序应该是：The architecture of Manhattan, the heart of the city, with its hundred and more skyscrapers, is splendid.翻译作为这座城市的中心，曼哈顿的摩天大厦有百余幢之多，其建筑十分壮观。6.Especially popular were his Sunday evening dinners, usually followed by musical performances.结构全句只有 1 个谓语动词： were。本句是一个完全倒装句，按照
13、正常语序应该是：His Sunday evening dinners, usually followed by musical performances, were especially popular. 过去分词短语 followed by musical performances 作为后置定语修饰 dinners。翻译他的周日晚餐尤其受欢迎，晚餐结束后通常还有音乐演出。7.Only in recent years have women begun to catch up with men in this area.结构全句只有 1 个谓语动词： begun。本句是一个以 only 开头的主
14、谓倒装句，按照正常语序应该是：Women have begun to catch up with men in this area only in recent years. Only 在句中起强调作用，所强调的是 in recent years.翻译仅仅是近几年来，妇女才开始在这个领域赶上男子。8.Worse perhaps was the idea of Saturday afternoon cricket; most of my friends would be enjoying leisure at that time.结构全句有 2 个谓语动词：was 和 would be。整句话由
15、两个简单句构成，其中第一个简单句是一个完全倒装句，按照正常语序应该是：The idea of Saturday afternoon cricket was perhaps worse。翻译星期六下午去打板球这主意也许更糟糕；那个时候我的朋友通常都会自在享受悠闲时光。9.But unpopular as red has been in the past, at the moment it is a favorite hair dye.结构全句有 2 个谓语动词：has been 和 is。其中，as 引导的让步状语从句是一个部分倒装句，按照正常语序应该是：Although red has bee
16、n unpopular in the past。句子可被拆分为：1 Red has been unpopular in the past.2 But at the moment it is a favorite hair dye.翻译尽管过去红色不怎么流行，现在却是一种备受欢迎的染发颜色。10.Only when he has lost his way does he realize that he wasnt careful enough to make sure that he really did understand.结构全句有 4 个谓语动词：has，does realize，was
17、nt 和 did understand.。其中主句的是：does realize。本句话是以 only开头的强调句，其所强调的是 when 引导的条件状语从句。第一个 that 引导的是 realize 的宾语从句。第一个 that 引导的是make sure 的宾语从句。翻译只有当他迷了路，他才明白到当时自己不够谨慎，没有确定自己是否真的懂了。11.Only by becoming wealthier can countries correct these conditions.结构全句只有 1 个谓语动词： can correct。本句话是以 only 开头的强调句，其所强调的是方式状语
18、by becoming wealthier。按照正常语序应该是：Countries can correct these conditions only by becoming wealthier。翻译一个国家只有通过变得富强才能纠正这些问题。12Were it left to me to decide whether we should have a government without newspapers or newspapers without government, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter.结构 全句有
19、3 个谓语动词： were，should have 和 should hesitate。其中主句的是：should hesitate。本句是一个条件式虚拟倒装句。前半部分是一个 if 引导的条件状语从句，按照正常语序为：If it were left to me to decide。whether 引导的是decide 的宾语从句。 翻译 如果由我来决定是有政府无报纸还是有报纸无政府，我会毫不犹豫选择后者。13Out of our emotional experience with objects and events comes a social feeling of agreement t
20、hat certain things and actions are “good” and others are “bad”.结构全句有 3 个谓语动词：comes，are 和 are。其中主句的是：comes，两个 are 是 that 引导的主语 feeling 的同位语从句中的两个并列谓语。为了避免造成头重脚轻的感觉，主句是一个完全倒装句，按照正常语序句子主干应该为：A social feeling of agreement comes out of our emotional experience with objects and events.翻译从我们对于客观物体和事件的情感经验中
21、产生了一种共同的社会情绪：某些东西和行为是“好的” 而其他的是“坏的” 。14Among the most promising and most thoroughly researched probiotics is the GG strain of Lactobacillus, discovered by Dr. Sherwood Gorbach and biochemist Barry Goldin, both at Tufts University School of Medicine.结构 全句只有 1 个谓语动词： is。整个句子是一个完全倒装句，按照正常语序句子主干应该是：The
22、GG strain of Lactobacillus is among the most promising and most thoroughly researched probiotics。过去分词短语 discovered by作为后置定语修饰 the GG strain of Lactobacillus，后面的短语 both at则是两个人名的定语。翻译由塔夫茨大学医学院舍伍德 哥尔巴赫教授和生化学家巴利 格尔丁发现的鼠李糖乳杆菌是最有前途并且研究得最充分的益生菌之一。15Only when total production expands faster than the rate o
23、f labor force growth plus the rate of productivity increase and minus the rate at which average annual hours fall does the unemployment rate fall.结构全句有 4 个谓语动词：expands，fall 和 does fall。其中主句的是：does fall。这是一个由 only 开头的条件式强调句，主句采用倒装句式。按照正常语序句子主干应该为：the unemployment rate does fall。在 when 引导的条件状语从句中which 引导的是第三个 rate 的定语从句。翻译只有当总产量增长率大于劳动力增长速率加上生产力增长率并减去平均年劳动时间下降的速率时，失业率才会下降。
